Suchergebnisse

"The Cyclical Phenomenon of Resource Nationalism in Latin America" published on by Oxford University Press.

Considers historical aspects of the political economy of nationalization at the periphery of the UK, drawing on a discussion of the literature, particularly Michael Banton's (eg, 1991 [see abstract 91X8195]) work on race relations. It is suggested that the process of nationalization has proceeded by means of historically specific articulations of nationalism & racism that have occurred in both securing English domination in the UK & in reproducing British domination in Africa & India. Recent analyses of the situation in Northern Ireland from a race relations perspective have failed to account for the incompleteness of the process of nationalization in the UK. It is argued that a proper analysis of the situation in Northern Ireland would require several steps: a distinction between the biological characteristics of the human body & the cultural articulation of these characteristics, establishment of the everyday processes of such articulation, & interpretation of the meaning of racism in these processes. It is concluded that the problems endemic to Banton's race relations paradigm can be averted by rejecting the use of race as an analytic category & instead analyzing actual claims made to a distinct origin or history by various social groups in contestation. D. M. Smith

"Party Systems in Latin America" published on by Oxford University Press.

Draws upon fieldwork in Oruro, Bolivia, 1969-1971, & a 1985 return to various mining centers, to examine miner protests in highland Bolivia. The focus is on how miners combine primordial beliefs, customs, & rituals with 20th-century revolutionary or reactionary politics. Miners were instrumental in the populist revolution of 1952 that resulted in nationalization of the mines; however, miners have resisted all attempts to change their beliefs in pagan spirits, Christian saints/devils, & Marxist or developmental ideologies. It is argued that combining primordial mythic forces with modern socialist principles allows miners to participate in contemporary struggles while remaining connected to their cultural roots. Rituals related to preindustrial agricultural cycles are described, noting that ritually charged days became identified with commemorations of political events, & meanings associated with many rituals became linked to class solidarity. The political significance of dances/ceremonies involved in the Carnival & Supay festivities are examined, contending that ritual observances strengthen the power of preconquest beliefs & enhance feelings of collective identity, thereby increasing the ability to resist exploitation. 8 References. J. Lindroth