Suchergebnisse

In this work we seek to investigate how the german physicist philosopher Werner Heisenberg understood the importance of cartesian philosophy in the construction of scientific thought of modernity. For Heisenberg, the central element of Descartes' great influence in the natural sciences is the separation of "God," "man," and "world." The physicist philosopher analyzes this separation and proposes that from quantum mechanics, the split between subject and object, man and nature, has become unsustainable.

The objective of this article is to discuss the ideological nature of Jürgen Habermas' theoretical framework regarding his concept of public sphere within his deliberative democratic theory and its assimilation by social management in the field of administration. The study intends to contribute offering a critical approach towards the influence of Habermas on the notion of social management, mainly with regard to the category of public sphere, by relying on the theme of ideology in a capitalist State and a class society. We analyze the evolution and continuity of Habermas' thought about the public sphere and discuss the consonance of the perspective of social management with the assumptions of Habermas' deliberative theory. We then argue that Habermas' theoretical framework points to an ideology of consensus on social developments. In addition, we claim that, inasmuch as Habermas presumes the possibility of a wholly spontaneous and unfettered dialogue, he ends up designing, idealistically, the intersubjective communication and the public sphere as an "ideal" discursive instance – as aprioristic guarantees of success. We conclude that the "real" public sphere should not be conceived as an arena of idealistic communicative conditions but as a genuinely contentious and asymmetrical deliberative space. In addition, an effective public sphere is supposed to encompass both informal public opinion formation and formal decision making, that is, it should promote real sharing of decision-making power, as sustained by the perspective of social management. ; El objetivo de este ensayo es discutir el carácter ideológico de los lineamientos teóricos de Jürgen Habermas acerca de su noción de esfera pública, en el ámbito de su teoría democrática deliberativa, y su apropiación teórica y conceptual por la gestión social en el campo de la administración. Nuestra intención es contribuir con un enfoque crítico a la influencia del pensamiento habermasiano en la conformación del concepto de gestión social, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la categoría de la esfera pública, recurriendo al tema ideología a la luz del Estado capitalista y de la sociedad de clases. Para ello, analizamos la evolución y la continuidad del pensamiento de Habermas acerca de la categoría de la esfera pública y discutimos el alineamiento de la gestión social con los presupuestos teórico-conceptuales de la teoría deliberativa habermasiana. A continuación, argumentamos que el marco teórico habermasiano apunta a una ideología de consenso sobre los desarrollos sociales. Asimismo, argumentamos que, en la medida en que Habermas presume la posibilidad de un diálogo completamente espontáneo y no condicionado, proyecta idealistamente la comunicación intersubjetiva y la esfera pública –como instancia "ideal" de discurso– como garantías apriorísticas del éxito. Concluimos que la esfera pública "real" debe ser entendida menos como una arena de condiciones comunicativas idealistas y más como un espacio deliberativo genuinamente conflictivo y asimétrico, y que una esfera pública efectiva debe comprender tanto la formación informal de la opinión pública como la toma formal de decisiones colectivas, es decir, debe promover la verdadera compartición del poder de decisión, como preconiza la gestión social. ; O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o caráter ideológico dos delineamentos teóricos de Jürgen Habermas acerca de sua noção de esfera pública no bojo de sua teoria democrática deliberativa, bem como sua apropriação teórico-conceitual pela gestão social no campo da administração. Nosso propósito é contribuir com uma abordagem crítica à influência do pensamento habermasiano na conformação da concepção de gestão social, sobretudo no que tange à categoria da esfera pública, recorrendo ao tema ideologia à luz do Estado capitalista e da sociedade de classes. Para tanto, analisamos a evolução e as continuidades do pensamento de Habermas acerca da categoria da esfera pública e discutimos o alinhamento da gestão social com os pressupostos teórico-conceituais da teoria deliberativa habermasiana. Em seguida, defendemos o argumento de que o esforço teórico habermasiano aponta uma ideologia do consenso quanto aos desenvolvimentos sociais, bem como o de que, ao supor a possibilidade de um diálogo completamente espontâneo e não condicionado, Habermas acaba por projetar idealisticamente a comunicação intersubjetiva e a esfera pública enquanto instância "ideal" de discurso como garantias apriorísticas de sucesso. Concluímos que a esfera pública "real" deve ser tomada menos como arena de condições comunicativas idealísticas e mais como espaço deliberativo originariamente conflitual e assimétrico e que uma esfera pública eficaz deve abranger tanto a formação informal da opinião pública quanto a tomada formal de decisão coletiva, isto é, deve promover a efetiva partilha de poder decisório, tal como preconizada pela gestão social.

In this article we intend to establish the bases that Martín de Azpilcueta demonstrates his foundation of political authority to reflect on how this thinker articulates his argument to present the people as the original holder of the civil power by natural right. To achieve this objective it will be present how the author relates and distinguishes the ecclesiastical power from secular or civil power. So, it will be shown how the Spanish thinker establishes his foundation of popular civil authority by claiming that civil power legitimizes itself by having its origin in God because it is your natural order and it is given immediately to the community of mortals. According to the thought of Martín de Azpilcueta, it is possible to consider that the secular political authority has the people as its legitimate depository and results in the original equality of all men in public life. In order to accomplish the objective presented in this paper, we will specifically study Notabile tertium present in the work Martín de Azpilcueta called Relectio C. Novit de Iudiciis first published in Coimbra in the year 1548.

In the present article we analyze the understanding and the use of the Kantian philosophy by the German physicist Werner Heisenberg, Nobel Prize of Physics of 1932, formulator of the principle of uncertainty. Heisenberg seems to adopt a neo-Kantian understanding of the nature of science, according to which science would not deal with the real itself, but only with the way it appears, which inescapably depends on the interaction between the subject and the object of knowledge. However, in spite of this conception, Heisenberg considers that the Kantian definitions of "space", "time" and "causality" are not compatible with the developments of the quantum mechanics. In this opportunity we will see more carefully the conception of science and the problem of causality.

We intend, in this article, to deal with the issue of imitation in Machiavellian thought. We will take as a goal his postulations about the nature of man, the possibilities of formatting a profitable republic in view of this nature, and the role of the examples of individuals who act for the good of the republic. Since the issue of imitation is the guiding thread, we will still choose a tripod to demonstrate our hypothesis, namely, the anthropological factor; The educational factor; The political factor. By this movement, it is tried to demonstrate that the apparent negativity of the Machiavellian postulations on the human nature does not prevent the promulgation of a stable republic, the good political examples having a preponderant role in this purpose.

The article approaches the dilemmas experienced by international agents in peace operations deployed in Somalia during the 1990s. It highlights the diverging narratives used by international actors (United States and United Nations) vis-a-vis the Somali 'Other'. It is argued that the main dilemmas experienced during UN and US operations in Somalia were not of technical nature, concerning coordination problems between the main forces involved, as usually claimed. Differently, the article identifies a dispute of political nature between the United States and the UN, created by their divergent conceptions on the Somali 'Other'. Adapted from the source document.

The objective of this paper is to definite historicity in economic sciences applying the principles of entropy and methodological indeterminism. This implies the definition of two kinds of economic universes: one characterized by ergodicity and reversibility of time and processes and the other by the opposite properties. The first part will deal with the construction of the subject of study and the nature of the proper analysis to these two universes. Taking such dichotomy into account, the second part will examine its implication as regards to the nature of equilibrium, the properties of stability and instability and the closure of the systems. (Rev Econ Polit/DÜI)

This article analyses a series of legal and illegal state policies and ruling-party strategies, of a repressive nature or involving political persecution, which were implemented by Peronist governments between 1973 and 1976, in the period prior to the military dictatorship that imposed State terrorism in Argentina. The observation of these practices is combined with the study of the discourses of diverse members of the political system from the period. The study reveals the gradual establishment of a discourse about "national security", that is to say, based on the idea of a subversive enemy of a domestic nature and alien to the "national spirit". The Argentinian case study shows that this type of discourse, which is generally associated with the military regimes of the Southern Cone, also existed and was put into practice in constitutional regimes

This article discusses the existing duality between the terms Earth and world under the of the 21st century ecological crisis. It proposes, from the deconstruction of anthropocentric and ecocentric values, an analysis of the philanthropic/sustainable paradigm, as a way of understanding the interdisciplinary nature of the possible coexistence between Man and Nature. For this, are demonstrated some hierarchical imbalances present in the concession of Western culture proposed by Samuel Huntington, in the ecological imaginary of indigenous communities defended by Zoe Todd, and in the environmental impact of consumer society from the perspective of Patrick Curry, Richard Sylvan, and David Bennett. As a result, the importance of understanding a balance between consumption and production is demonstrated, condemning the elitist anthropocentrism of western communities as the cause and solution of the ecological problem, transversally illustrated from the market and the art world under the conception of the practical uselessness of its existence and given its contribution to a problem of overproduction.

Res into matters of. a pol'al nature is far more ancient than the recent development of pol'al sociol (PS). The origin of such res must be sought in the Greece of Socrates, where free citizens participated in every aspect of pol'al life. It was only much later that pol'al life became a life apart, & that the relative independence of the 'soc' & 'pol'al' became accepted as an accomplished fact. In our day, we are once more identifying these 2 concepts. Pol'al sci is still the inheritor of the preoccupations of the classical philosophers of antiquity in that it devotes itself voluntarily to the construction of an Ideal State; on the contrary, PS is not interested in res of that nature. It is 'sociol' in that it studies in a sci'fic fashion all the aspects of soc life & 'pol'al' in that the aspect studied deals with the means of conquest, of the exercise & loss of power. Its field of res is an esp wide one. Tr by J. A. Broussard from IPSA.