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The issue of modern communication on the Internet in the aspect of the idea of the transformation of youth values, in particular the idea of individualism as a characteristic feature of youth in the XXI century is considered in the article. The work was carried out with financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the EISR within the framework of scientific project No. 21-011-31221. The aim of the study is to consider the lexical representation of the ideas of individualism and collectivism in Internet communication as two conceptual views on life. The methods of component, contextual, interpretive types of analysis are used to study neologisms that have appeared in the Russian language in the last 20 years as nominations new for Russian reality associated with manifestations of individualism and collectivism in Internet interaction. It is emphasized that social networks have become a special space for youth communication, which created new conditions for the emergence and development of previously unknown forms of communication, such as influencers, cyberbullying, shaming, guerrilla marketing, etc. The meanings of new words and their speech use are analyzed. The results show that the ideas about the individualism of modern youth are not as unambiguous as it might seem at first glance. It is proved that a number of new words, such as influencer, ambassadorship, evangelism, etc., which name phenomena that seem to be associated with individualistic manifestations of personality, actualize the semantics of a person's dependence on public opinion, likes and dislikes, approval of followers, etc., and not opposing oneself to the collective, as presented in the definition of the word individualism. It is noted that at the same time, a person's desire to unite with other people in social networks has not disappeared anywhere, it manifests itself in the formation of communities, groups, in communication on forums, however, it has acquired the form of unstable ties, since there are few serious grounds for unification. The data of linguistic analysis partially verify the results of studies of individualism obtained by sociologists, educators, psychologists and other representatives of other sciences.

В статье рассматривается роль социальных сетей в политической коммуникации, в частности, их роль в создании национального имиджа страны. ; Recently, representatives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China have actively been answering on their online public relations platforms questions of the population members from all circles of the society using social networking services with a large number of users, which facilitates bilateral communication with the society and dissemination of official information about the policy of China. This is associated with the change in the Internet space in the early 21st century: in the modern social media, transmission and reception of information is often carried out in dialogic and interactive mode. Based on the analysis of the activity of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs press service, the author studies the role of social networking sites in political communication, and specifically their role in the creation of the national image of the country. The article analyzes three aspects of Internet communication: content, communication channels and its language strategie.

This paper studies the views on inter-firm networking performed on the basis of two interrelated publications of Russian scientists, that of a textbook and a monograph. The analysis of these works has shown that there is a possibility and the need to use in pedagogical process the teaching materials of the same high scientific level (without any simplification) as that of a monograph. It is assumed that such an approach would generate the systemic thinking in students of economics and management.

В статье рассматривается использование социальных сетей в качестве виртуального продолжения социального пространства, в рамках которого актуальна проблема реализации различных видов мошеннических действий. Целью исследования является социологический анализ компьютерной преступности, необходимый для выработки качественных мер по повышению уровня безопасности взаимодействий при использовании сайтов социальных сетей и профилактики интернет-преступности. В статье освещены общие принципы, негативная и позитивная специфика взаимодействий пользователей при использовании сайтов социальных сетей с учетом закономерностей реальных общественных отношений и некоторые аспекты нормативно-правовых актов государственного уровня в сфере компьютерных преступлений и интернет-безопасности. Данная статья содержит выявленные в ходе исследования характерные условия для реализации, роста и развития компьютерной преступности в пространстве социальных сетей, описание ее специфики, основных целей и технологических составляющих. На основе полученных в ходе социологического анализа данных возможна разработка мер личной защиты сведений пользователей, профилактики компьютерной преступности на сайтах социальных сетей. ; This article studies the use of social networks as new forms of virtual social space, which allows realizing different types of fraud. The issue is especially urgent due to the actions of users and organizations on social networks and their insufficient level of information literacy about computer security. This research aims to provide a social analysis of computer criminality before devising any effective actions for increasing security level of interactions in social networks and preventing Internet crime. This article depicts some general principles, including negative and positive features of user interactions on social networks, accounting for real public relations and government regulations in Internet security and computer crime. The results of the research have revealed the contemporary distinctive conditions for implementing, increasing, and developing computer crime on social networks, its specifics, aims, and technological components. The authors describe different kinds of criminal acts on social networks, their typology, and the fraudulent methods. This research emphasizes the deficiency of knowledge on information security, demonstrated by the Internet users. Based on the data acquired during social analysis, the authors recommend a number of personal, legal, and public actions for protecting user personal data and preventing computer crime on the Internet and social networks.

У статті визначено основні концептуальні підходи до теорії та практики мережування шкіл у США в історичному контексті. На підставі аналізу розвитку інноваційних шкільних мереж дійшли висновку, що на першому етапі можемо розглядати сутність досліджуваного явища в контексті організаційного підходу. Характеристика другого етапу дозволяє говорити про інноваційні шкільні мережі з точки зору системного підходу. А сучасний етап розвитку інноваційних шкільних мереж окреслює особливості їх діяльності в контексті трансформаційного, синергетичного та інтеграційного підходів. Доведено, що визначені у статті концептуальні підходи до теорії та практики мережування шкіл у США в історичному контексті дали змогу більш ґрунтовно розглянути сутність інноваційних шкільних мереж, а також дійти висновку, що такі неієрархічні структури уможливлюють розвиток співробітництва, в основі якого лежить ідея визнання цінності обміну знаннями, поширення й запровадження нових ідей, спільного планування роботи, професійного зростання шляхом навчання, що, у свою чергу, підвищує готовність учителів брати участь в освітніх реформах. ; The author of the article defines the main conceptual approaches to the theory and practice of schools networking in the United States in the historical context. Nowadays the network organization, network associations have become dominant in every person's life, as the networks covered most of the spheres of human life - economic, social, and political. In this regard, a concept that reflects the current state of development of society has appeared - a network society. The purpose of the paper is to identify the main conceptual approaches to the theory and practice of schools networking in the USA in the historical context. In order to achieve the purpose of the study general scientific methods have been used, in particular analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization, and a method of terminological analysis, which allowed defining and characterizing the conceptual approaches to the theory and practice of schools networking. On the basis of the analysis of innovative school networks development, it has been concluded that at the first stage we can consider the essence of the investigated phenomenon in the context of the organizational approach. The characteristic of the second stage allows us to talk about innovative school networks in the context of the system approach. The present stage of the innovative school networks development outlines peculiarities of their activities in the context of transformational, synergetic and integration approaches. It is proved that conceptual approaches to the theory and practice of schools networking in the USA in the historical context defined in the article have allowed considering the essence of the innovative school networks more thoroughly. We have concluded that such non-hierarchical structures make possible development of cooperation based on the idea of recognizing the value of knowledge sharing, dissemination and introduction of new ideas, joint planning of work, professional growth through teaching, which in turn increases the willingness of teachers to participate in educational reforms. The study does not cover all the aspects of the problems outlined. Further studies will be focused on generalization of the positive foreign pedagogical experience of development of the mechanisms for involving civil society organizations and school districts in co-operation with institutions of secondary education.

Digital globalization is regarded as the environment for the functioning of the 21st century's university. Problems of digitalization of industries, globalization of markets, growing instability and uncertainty of the environment, increased social inequality, networking, platformization of business models predetermine the importance of university marketing as management focused on global resource markets. The trends in the development of holistic marketing in the era of digital globalization are presented – digitalization and globalization of operations, individualization and democratization of solutions, artificial intellectualization, networking, platformization of activity, co-creation of value with consumers and stakeholders, the growing importance of consumer experience. The guidelines for the development of university marketing in line with digital transformation at the internal and external levels of university management have been proposed: the transition from university rankings to the ranking of people (employees and university students) as a response to the trends of individualization, personalization and networking, the emphasis on intra-university marketing in comparison with external one, the strengthening of intellectual knowledge-valuable promotional tools in comparison with advertising. New guidelines for transformation of management and marketing of the university were defined. ; Цифровая глобализация рассматривается как среда функционирования университета XXI в. Проблемы цифровизации отраслей, глобализации рынков, растущей нестабильности и неопределенности среды, усиления социального неравенства, сетевизации, платформизации бизнес-моделей предопределяют значимость университетского маркетинга как менеджмента, ориентированного на глобальные рынки ресурсов. В статье представлены тренды развития холистического маркетинга эпохи цифровой глобализации: цифровизация и глобализация операций; индивидуализация и демократизация решений; искусственная интеллектуализация; сетевизация; платформизация ...

Роботу виконано на кафедрі міжнародної інформації Волинського національного університету імені Лесі Українки ; Розкрито аспекти відкритих моделей організації політичної комунікації. Показані сучасні тенденції в електронній демократії, пов'язані з розширенням можливостей доступу до інформації та реалізацією потенціалу соціальних мереж у політиці на прикладі президентських виборчих кампаній в США. Revealed aspects of the open model of political communication. Showing the current trends in e-democracy related to the expansion of access to information and realization the potential of social networks in politics the example of presidential election campaigns in the United States.

В статье сформулированы основные вербально-иконические механизмы воздействия технологии "soft power", реализуемые посредством политизированных интернет-мемов, активно фигурирующих в социальных сетях. ; This article formulates the main verbal-iconic manipulative mechanisms of the soft power technology, realized via politicized Internet memes that are actively featured on social networking sites.

Звернено увагу на сучасні тенденції розвитку медіаландшафту Вірменії. Показано вплив нових медіа на порядок денний традиційних ЗМІ, який зростає із збільшенням кількості новинних сайтів й актуалізацією соціальних мереж, що дає змогу створити зручну платформу для обговорення питань місцевого значення громадами столиці й далеко за її межами. Проаналізовано альтернативні джерела інформації та запропоновано шляхи уникнення безвідповідальної журналістики. ; The report gives an expert analysis of the modern trends in the media landscape of Armenia, and expounds the influence of new media on traditional media. This influence is expanding as news sites and social networks develop and increase in number, providing convenient platforms for geographically distant capital communities to discuss local issues. The piece also reviews alternative sources of information and considers how irresponsible journalism may be avoided.

This article is aimed at a thorough analysis of the ways through which the Internet has been enriching a political discourse and, thus, it has been changing the format of the relations between the state power and civil society with the particular focus on the mechanisms that civil society employs to influence domestic and foreign policy. The article explores the links between a civil society activism and an openness of public policy. The main conclusion is that the Internet empowers everyone that poses a significant challenge to the state power. The Internet gives additional benefits for politically-motivated individuals and groups with low access to the financial resources. It facilitates social mobilization of protesters, both individuals and groups through educating the public and media, rising funds, forming coalitions across geographical boundaries, as well as coordination of the events on a national and international level. ; У статті систематизуються шляхи, за допомогою яких Інтернет змінює політичний дискурс і формат відносин між владою і громадянським суспільством. Особливим дослідницьким фокусом є визначення механізмів, через які громадянське суспільство, що діє в кібер-просторі, впливає на формування державної політики.

Studying the network of interpersonal and intergroup interactions between individuals / groups of individuals is carried out with the help of mathematical models. This type of study is called cluster-network analysis. In this article, based on years of his own research in this area is represented by adapting the analysis of networking in terms of social philosophy. Inconclusive nature of the relationship stratification in online communities and describes a method of calculation of social capital.

The article studies the role of energy complex in modern innovative economy, major directions of sectorial innovation development in the context of modern networking concepts based on value chain. The creation of innovation integrators in energy sector is proposed with the aim to implement the principles of open innovations that optimizes competence management within the framework of complex project related to innovation technologies creation and application in different value chains. The authors identify the objectives and functions of the innovation integrators and offer the scheme to fund them. The given recommendations are intended for oil & gas companies in order to improve the effectiveness of innovative activity planning and organization.

Social networks are intended to enhance interpersonal communication. Yet, de facto, they transform traditional "eye-to-eye" communication into something entirely new. Its actual qualities and parameters should be studied from a new perspective. The eye-to-eye conversation implies a number of aspects discussed in phenomenology and interdisciplinary studies of non-verbal communication. Much has been written on such communication by Husserl, Heidegger, Buber, Merleau-Ponty, Podoroga and others. Social value obtained by the participant in social networking is simulative and the meaning of verbal expression does not correspond to the field of signifiers by means of verification. Social networks deconstruct the very status of Logos and offer the new rules of communication.

The article contains the results of a study of political Internet discourse of response, which are presented as a classification of the properties of this type of discourse on the example of English-language response utterances of users of the social networking sites Twitter and Facebook. The aim of the study presupposes exploration of the notion of political discourse of response over the Internet and identification of a number of properties typical of this kind of discourse. Dis-course of response is looked upon as a non-institutional variant of political discourse that acquires new specific features in connection with functioning in the political Internet space. ; В статье приведены результаты исследования политического дискурса реагирования на примере анализа англоязычных реплик-реакций пользователей социальных сетей.

Today Russia is often being criticized for new legislative initiatives in the field of Internet communications. Laws in this area are often negatively perceived by online community and critics and are the cause of misunderstanding between the government and society. Russia, however, is not the only country that has attempted to regulate its online sphere. World practice shows that many states are seeking to regulate virtual life of society. Such initiatives are indeed useful and necessary. The world today is shifting to a new reality where virtual space will play an increasingly important role, but it will raise many dangers and challenges that are needed to be solved at the legislative level. The regulation of the Internet is at the junction of legislation and politics as it is directly concerns the interests of society, the rights and freedoms of the individual, so it is impossible to resolve these problems in isolation from political science and sociology. This article contains a brief review of the legislation in the field of Russian Internet and in some countries, and represents an attempt to determine a necessary level of government intervention in the Internet and the level of its regulation. ; Сегодня в России часто подвергаются критике новые законодатель- ные инициативы в сфере Интернета и ИТ-коммуникаций. Зачастую законы в данной сфере воспринимаются сетевым сообществом и критиками негативно, вызывают между властью и обществом недопонимание. Россия, однако, не единственная страна, которая предприняла попытку упорядочить свое Интернет-пространство. Мировая практика показывает, что государства все чаще стремятся отрегулировать виртуальную сферу жизни общества. Мир сегодня переходит в новую реальность, и в этой реальности виртуальное пространство будет играть все бо́льшую роль, неся в себе при этом множество опасностей и вызовов, с которыми необходимо справляться в том числе и на законодательном уровне. Сфера регулирования Интернета при этом находится на стыке правого поля с политикой, так как напрямую затрагивает интересы общества, права и свободы человека, поэтому нельзя изучать проблемы в области Интернет-законодательства в отрыве от политологии и социологии. Данная статья содержит краткий обзор законодательства в области Интернета в России и в некоторых странах, а также является попыткой определения необходимого уровня вмешательства государства в Интернет-пространство и уровень его регулирования.