Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Family entrepreneurship aiming at multi-generation, in which there is no clear distinction between the family and the business, and family members exert a significant influence on or directly manage a family business, is managed by means of norms and values, passed from generation to generation. Therefore, it is important, in the present unclear market conditions, to present the research results concerning norms and values in family business management from the point of view of the students of the Faculty of Management of Czestochowa University of Technology.

In this article, we ask to what extent the specific characteristics of epigenetics may affect the type of questions one can ask about human society. We pay particular attention to the way epigenetic research stirs debate about normative and moral issues. Are these issues implied by scientific evidence as an outcome of research? Or do moral and normative issues also shape how research is done and which problems it addresses? We briefly explore these questions through examples and discussions in (social-) scientific literature. In the final section, we propose an additional dimension and a refocusing of attention from issues of scientific evidence alone (asking what kind of evidence epigenetics produces and how it does so) to a broader picture on epigenetics as a mode of attention that encourages relational and process-oriented thinking with entities, values and scales that may not yet fit within conventional problem-frames that inform research funding and policy-making. We argue that the task of (post-)ELSI approaches is to take inspiration from the ecological complexity of epigenetics in order to bring more relations, relief and gradient in our ethical and political questions. ; Peer reviewed

In this article, we ask to what extent the specific characteristics of epigenetics may affect the type of questions one can ask about human society. We pay particular attention to the way epigenetic research stirs debate about normative and moral issues. Are these issues implied by scientific evidence as an outcome of research? Or do moral and normative issues also shape how research is done and which problems it addresses? We briefly explore these questions through examples and discussions in (social-) scientific literature. In the final section, we propose an additional dimension and a refocusing of attention from issues of scientific evidence alone (asking what kind of evidence epigenetics produces and how it does so) to a broader picture on epigenetics as a mode of attention that encourages relational and process-oriented thinking with entities, values and scales that may not yet fit within conventional problem-frames that inform research funding and policy-making. We argue that the task of (post-)ELSI approaches is to take inspiration from the ecological complexity of epigenetics in order to bring more relations, relief and gradient in our ethical and political questions.

Kratochwil argues that a social-scientific study of the behavior of regimes, and how they exercise power, is a useful method to challenge the exaggerated view of international relations as a "normless anarchy." By showing how "expectations" dictate action in international affairs, his method asserts the existence of a universal force among nations.

This article studies the role of norms and values in the microfinance sector. Microfinance projects implemented in India use a wide range of different organizational structures. A classification of the sector is proposed, mapping the institutions along two axes: the profit motive (profit vs. not-for-profit) and the decision making style (centralized vs. un-centralized). Some Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) base their interactions on rigid norms or rules; while others are based on values. We argue that the private sector will tend to produce the operating rules of the microfinance system while the not-for-profit institutions that are using an inclusive decision-making process are more likely to influence the ethical norms in the sector. Nevertheless, this classification is not static as recent events in South-India shows that norms, such as the interest rates, can be politically and emotionally invested to the point that they are about to become values in the sector. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Those who study value conflicts have resisted rational choice approaches in the social sciences, contending that political conflict over cultural values is best explained by group loyalties, symbolic motives, and other "nonrational" factors. However, Chong shows that a single model can explain how people make decisions across both social and economic realms. He argues that our preferences result from a combination of psychological dispositions, which are shaped by social influences and developed over the life span.Chong's book yields insights about the circumstances under which preferences, be

part Part one: The search for significance -- chapter 1 Absurdity. The gulf between man and his world. Camus -- chapter 2 Transcendence. The pursuit of meaning as a necessary but 'useless passion'. Sartre -- chapter 3 Participation. A vindication of being-in-itself as meaningful. Louis Lavelle -- part Part two: The role of reason and the concept -- chapter 4 As mediation between subject and object. Alquié -- chapter 5 As an assimilating force within the world. André Lalande -- chapter 6 As a dissimilating force. Gaston Bachelard and E.Morot-Sir -- chapter 7 The concept as expression. The extraction of provisional meanings from the permanently indeterminate. Merleau-Ponty -- chapter 8 The rejection of 'expressionism'. The 'logos' as the 'rule' of thought. Brice Parain -- part Part three: Norms and values -- chapter 9 Closed and open evolutionary morality. Bergson's The Two Sources -- chapter 10 Involutionary morality. André Lalande -- chapter 11 The creation of values. Raymond Polin -- chapter 12 The contingency of value. Vladimir Jankélévitch -- chapter 13 Detail and atmosphere. René Le Senne -- part Part four: Towards a definition of authenticity -- chapter 14 The instant -- chapter 15 Choice -- chapter 16 The authentic and the everyday. Camus -- chapter 17 Universality and particularity -- chapter 18 Saint-Exupéry.