The article reviews the problem of contradictory public attitude to educational reforms in connection with the phenomenon of open- mindedness. Based on the review of case studies, two major areas of conceptualization of openness of judgments have been identified. The first direction studies the openness of judgments in the context of interpersonal interaction, as a lack of prejudice against members of groups that are interpreted as "others", willingness to tolerate "otherness" and productively interact with other people in conflict of opinions and positions. In the second direction, openness of judgment is seen primarily as a cognitive attitude to the perception of new ideas, tolerance of diversity of opinion and willingness to think outside the box ("out of box"). A sample of 230 respondents allowed to examine the relationship between cognitive (dogmatism) and personal (openness to new experiences) aspects of openness of judgment with a subjective attitude to educational reforms. Dogmatism is related to the tough judgments about educational reforms. More dogmatic respondents tend to have negative evaluations of reforms, less dogmatic ones are more likely to have no established evaluative judgments. Openness to new experiences determines the modality of assessments of educational reforms: more "open" respondents tend to be more positive about the changes that occur as a result of reforms than less "open" ones, which are characterized by a certain pessimism. It has been found that dogmatism and openness to new experiences manifest themselves in different ways in relation to educational reforms among professionals engaged in the field of education and non-professionally related to the education of respondents.
This paper investigates the features of the implementation, conduct, analysis and implementation of the use of massive open distance learning courses in Ukraine. The article deals with the main advantages and disadvantages of massive open distance learning courses, presents a comparative analysis of national and foreign scholars on the issue of implementation of open distance learning courses. The article outlines the basic course requirements. It contains an analysis of the current state of massive open distance learning courses use in higher educational institutions. The article presents a number of recommendations for the development of national education system towards democratization of higher education.
This paper investigates the features of the implementation, conduct, analysis and implementation of the use of massive open distance learning courses in Ukraine. The article deals with the main advantages and disadvantages of massive open distance learning courses, presents a comparative analysis of national and foreign scholars on the issue of implementation of open distance learning courses. The article outlines the basic course requirements. It contains an analysis of the current state of massive open distance learning courses use in higher educational institutions. The article presents a number of recommendations for the development of national education system towards democratization of higher education.
Decentralized systems play a special role in modern life, and the problems of regulating them are beginning to be discussed and resolved at the governmental level. The analysis of a project that, by its scale and scope, is capable of influencing the global economy and technology as a whole is relevant and necessary in terms of observing technological innovation. Future full-scale launch of the integrated system with a large number of potential users of its execution requires careful research to ensure informed use of the system and protect against potential threats.In this frticle have shown the official materials that shed light on the internal components that serve as the main parts of the system and described issues related to future system regulation as well as user experience related to the use of embedded processes and services present on the system at startup. Conducting research and description of the main components of the project, identifying their main advantages and disadvantages, highlighting the basic structural elements and concepts realized in the development of components, possible nuances that will affect the future experience of using the internal services of the project. Drawing conclusions on the innovation and decentralization of the project, its future potential and impact on the information environment as a whole. Consider the following basic components: TON P2P Network, TON DNS, TON Storage, TON Services, TON Payments, TON Blockchain, Gram token, and components used in their implementation. It also outlines the main potentials for future use of these technologies, which were clarified during the study and analysis of the documentation of the project components. Blockchain technology problems and their solutions in TON Blockchain implemented are described in detail. As a result, conclusions about the project as a whole, its components, possible problems in the process of work, as well as past confusion that could undermine the trust of potential users. It also draws conclusions about the possible future of Gram cryptocurrency, its pricing and distribution, values for common users and «validators» of the network. ; Децентралізовані системи займають особливу роль у сучасному житті, а проблеми їх регулювання починають обговорюватися та вирішуватися на державному рівні. Аналіз проекту, який за своїми масштабами та охопленням здатний вплинути на світову економіку та технології в цілому є актуальним та необхідним з точки зору спостереження за технологічними інноваціями. Майбутній повномасштабний запуск комплексної системи з великим потенційним числом користувачів потребує виконання її ретельного дослідження, задля забезпечення усвідомленого використання можливостей системи, а також захисту від потенційних загроз. В статті наведено офіційні матеріали, які проливають світло на внутрішні компоненти, виконуючі роль основних складових системи, а також описано проблеми, які стосуються майбутнього регулювання системи, а також користувацького досвіду, пов'язаного з використанням вбудованих процесів та сервісів, присутніх у системі на етапі запуску. Проведення дослідження та опису основних складових проекту, виявлення їх основних переваг та недоліків, висвітлення основних структурних елементів та понять, реалізованих при розробці складових, можливих нюансів, які матимуть вплив на майбутній досвід користування внутрішніми сервісами проекту. Винесення висновків щодо інноваційності та децентралізованості проекту, його майбутнього потенціалу та впливу на інформаційне середовище в цілому. В статті розглянуто наступні базові компоненти: TON P2P Network, TON DNS, TON Storage, TON Services, TON Payments, TON Blockchain, Gram token, а також складові, використані при їх реалізації. Також описані основні потенційні можливості при майбутньому використанні даних технологій, з'ясовані під час дослідження та аналізу документації складових проекту. Детально описано проблеми технології Blockchain та їх вирішення у реалізованому TON Blockchain. У підсумку приведено висновки щодо проекту в цілому, його складових, можливих проблем у процесі роботи, а також минулі конфузи, що могли підірвати довіру потенційних користувачів. Також наведені висновки щодо можливого майбутнього криптовалюти Gram, її ціни та розповсюдження в мережі, цінності для звичаних користувачів та «валідаторів» мережі
The paper analyzes the essential characteristics of open education, as the global educational system and determines its tendencies in present conditions; discovers the reasons that influenced upon the process of development of open education. The notion «open education» is treated by foreign scientists differently. For example T. Iiyosh, D. Wiley consider open education as a learning system based on open educational resources and open technologies that provide learning with flexibility and opportunities for open exchange of teaching practices, as well as include new approaches to assessment, accreditation and collaborative learning. The study of the concept of «open education» as a learning system that encompasses resources, tools and methods is presented in the work of G. Siemens. G. Tleuzhanova and A. Khamzina consider this phenomenon as a synergetic system capable of self-development and further interaction with the environment. Therefore it was defined that open education flourished in the results of definite changes of society such as the process of integration, democratization and informatisation of society. Open education with its following characteristics as accessibility, parallelity, modulation, internationalization and coordination and with the usage of new technologies of education gives the opportunity to every person to get the education without data of place of his residence, age, nationality, physical condition. The analyze of scientific literature let us to determine the leading tasks of open education: provide the listeners with the means of access to educational materials; organize the management of educational process which gives the opportunity to inform society about educational questions and raise the effective managing of educational system; raise the level of education and educational services; provide the continual renewing of educational means and technologies for the listeners of open education. ; У статті обґрунтовано сутнісні характеристики відкритої освіти, як глобальної освітньої системи та визначено тенденції розвитку у сучасних умовах; виявлено основні чинники, що вплинули на процес розвитку відкритої освіти. Отже, в результаті дослідження було визначено, що головними характеристикам останньої є доступність, гнучкість, паралельність, модульність, інтернаціональність та координованість. ; В статье обоснована сущностные характеристики открытого образования, как глобальной образовательной системы и определены тенденции развития в современных условиях; выявлены основные факторы, повлиявшие на процесс развития открытого образования. Итак, в результате исследования было определено, что главными характеристикам последней является доступность, гибкость, параллельность, модульность, интернациональность и скоординированность.
The concept of public information in the form of open data and its main features are studied. It is determined that due to the possible wide application of open data, the definition of the main grounds for the classification of open data is an insufficiently covered issue. The purpose of this study is to determine the types and criteria for the classification of public information in the form of open data. This is necessary for their widespread use in order to solve socially important tasks and to use their full potential in unusual directions. The author has analyzed international reports on open data and identified the problems of the quality of such data and the possibility of using them to solve socially important tasks. The classification of open data is formed on the following grounds: 1. by data type; 2. by data format; 3. by subject. The article determines the value of open data to society and the possibility of its wide use in the example of other countries. The problems that complicate the implementation of the government data discovery initiative in Ukraine include the underdeveloped culture of open government; insufficient level of training of public authorities to work with open data; insufficient funding for the public data discovery initiative; low level of public awareness and interest in public data and the benefits of using it. Unfortunately, most citizens are still satisfying their curiosity by using open data. The author notes that using data that describes the patterns we live in can help us solve problems in ways we may not have anticipated. As a rule, public sector systems do not respond too quickly on changes. With open data, they could track, predict and respond to real-time changes. This would allow the public sector to streamline its processes and services and it would be possible to clearly identify areas for improving and increasing productivity, to develop specialized solutions based on various demographic indicators and other factors. This would be a huge transformational leap in attracting open data to the public sector, as it opens up a number of areas for innovation. The author substantiates the importance of open data for public sector transformation, economic benefits and their use as an instrument for creating an information society.
The article considers the question of organizing the educational process at Open University. It investigates the experience of implementing the lifelong learning programs in the European Union, particularly in Belgium presenting the model of distance learning at Open University (United Kingdom). Key words: lifelong learning, distance learning, integration to Europe, multimedia means, information technologies, justice. ; Розглянуто питання організації навчального процесу у Відкритому університеті. Вивчено досвід організації освіти впродовж усього життя на території ЄС та, зокрема, у Бельгії на прикладі дистанційного навчання у Відкритому університеті (Великобританія). Ключові слова: навчання впродовж усього життя, дистанційна освіта, вроінтеграція, мультимедійні засоби, інформаційні технології, соціальна справедливість.
В статті представлено результати порівняльного аналізу позиції України серед інших країн світу за рівнем відкритості (прозорості) бюджету з використанням даних Індексу відкритості бюджету (Open Budget Index). Враховуючи показники, які представлені в Звітах Міжнародного бюджетного партнерства, з метою більш точної характеристики змісту оцінюваних процесів обґрунтовано доцільність використання назви «Індекс відкритості (прозорості) бюджетного менеджменту». Проведено групування країн з використанням матричного підходу для встановлення взаємозв'язку рівнів Індексу відкритості бюджету та рівнів показників участі громадськості, нагляду з боку законодавчих органів та нагляду з боку Вищого органу фінансового контролю. Конкретизовано недоліки, притаманні різним групам країн світу з метою обґрунтування напрямів підвищення ефективності та прозорості бюджетного процесу та бюджетного менеджменту в Україні. The aim of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the place of Ukraine among other countries by the level of budget openness, to specify the disadvantages inherent in different groups of countries in order to justify the directions of increasing the efficiency and transparency of the budget process and budget management in Ukraine. The methodology of calculating the Open Budget Index, which is calculated by the International Budget Partnership since 2006, is explored. Based on the analysis of the Reports of 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2015 years, the results of a comparative analysis of the position of Ukraine among the rest of the world by the level of openness (transparency) of the budget using the data of the Open Budget Index are presented. A grouping of countries was conducted using a matrix approach to establish the relationship between the levels of the Open Budget Index and the levels of public participation, oversight by legislature and oversight by the Supreme Audit Institution. Taking into account the number of countries covered by the Opne Budget Index, a detailed analysis of the indicators of a group of 28 countries in Europe and Central Asia, covering 27.5% of all countries covered by the study, and which includes Ukraine, has been made. Taking into account the indicators presented in the Report of the International Budget Partnership, in order to more accurately characterize the content of the evaluated processes, the feasibility of using the title "Index of Openness (Transparency) of Budget Management" is substantiated. The necessity of the analysis of the influence of the quality of budgetary management on other international indices has been substantiated in order to reveal their interrelation and to substantiate the directions of development of the system of budget management. The shortcomings inherent to various groups of countries of the world with the purpose of substantiation of directions of increase of efficiency and transparency of budgetary process and budget management in Ukraine are specified. The results of the comparative analysis show that more attention should be paid to public participation, since at a low level of this indicator it is not possible to reach a high level of Open Budget Index, even by creating an effective system of supervision and control by the legislature and Supreme Audit Institution.
K. Popper's «Open Society» is not only an abstract construct, butalso a system of values and ideals of modern European civilization, such asfreedom, individualism, humanism, democracy. However, the foundation of thissystem, the link between its elements, the relationship with modern politics,the prospects for implementation and many other important topics remainproblematic to this day. The author analyzes one of the fundamental principlesof «open society» – the principle of leadership and tries to demonstrate, thatthe answer to the question: «Who shall rule the state?» is important in at leasttwo aspects. Firstly, this question can be reformulated in the spirit of fallibilismas the question: «Who shall not rule the state?». Secondly, the search for ananswer to this question can be considered as a strategic problem of an «opensociety» related to the protection of its values. ; «Відкрите суспільство» К.Поппера – не лише суто абстрактний конструкт, це також і система цінностей та ідеалів сучасної європейської цивілізації, таких, як – свобода, індивідуалізм, гуманізм, демократія. Однак підґрунтя цієї системи, зв'язок між її елементами, взаємовідношення з сучасною політикою, перспективи реалізації та багато інших значущих тем й дотепер залишаються проблематичними. Автор аналізує один з основоположних принципів «відкритого суспільства» – принцип керівництва та намагається продемонструвати, що відповідь на питання «Хто повинен керувати державою?» має вагоме значення принаймні у двох аспектах. По-перше це питання може бути переформульоване у дусі фаллібілізму як питання «Хто не повинен керувати державою?». По-друге, пошук відповіді на це питання може розглядатись як стратегічна проблема «відкритого суспільства», пов'язана з захистом його цінностей.
Метою статті є огляд стратегічних орієнтирів розвитку відкритої освіти в ЄС. У статті підкреслено актуальність компаративного дослідження відкритої освіти в контексті інтенсифікації співробітництва між Україною та ЄС із розбудови інформаційного суспільства; проаналізовано трансформацію концепту відкритої освіти у світовому просторі; окреслено сучасні підходи до трактування феномену відкритої освіти в умовах цифрової революції і глобалізації; охарактеризовано позицію ЄС щодо відкритої освіти, розкрито характер ініціатив ЄС із розбудови відкритої освіти. ; The aim of the article is to review the strategic benchmarks for the development of open education in the EU. A complex of methods was used for conducting research, in particular: the method of terminological analysis for revealing the essence of the open education phenomenon; methods of analysis, synthesis and generalisation for the study of normative and strategic documents of the EU as well as research results of scholars on open education. The author of the article emphasizes the topicality of the comparative study of open education in the context of the intensification of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU on the development of the information society; analyses the transformation of the concept of open education in the world space; outlines modern approaches to the interpretation of the phenomenon of open education under digital revolution and globalization. It is concluded that over a fairly short period of time there was an evolution of the concept of "open education", i.e. from the initial one, associated with the idea of the first open universities (free access to learning), to modern, which, in addition to open access to educational resources, presupposes active participation and interaction of participants under lifelong learning and life-wide learning dimensions. The EU position on open education is characterized, the nature of the EU initiatives on building open education is revealed. The strategy of open education is seen as an integral part of the education and training development strategy, as well as strategies for building the EU on the basis of knowledge economy and social cohesion. The Strategy comprises three components, i.e. open learning environments: opportunities to innovate for organisations, teachers and learners; open educational resources: opportunities to use open knowledge for better quality and access; connectivity and innovation: partnerships for infrastructures, new products and services, and interoperability. It is stressed that the strategy involves interaction at all levels and of all stakeholders vertically and horizontally: between EU and the Member-States, central government, regional and local educational authorities, educational institutions; the education sector and employers; educators, students, parents; formal and informal education.
The article reveals the importance of Orff-pedagogy in the system of musical education for children of preschool age. Based on legislative and regulatory documents, it is determined that one of the ways to the comprehensive and harmonious development of the child is to involve him in the process of music education, which is of a strong impact on the development of the individual. It is noted that Orff-pedagogy is extremely effective in the process of forming artistic and creative competence of children of preschool age, the main purpose of which is to involve all children in musical activities regardless of their abilities, the open-mindedness of individual creative forces, the development of musicality and creativity, the release of natural abilities, self-affirmation of the individual, the development of independence and freedom of thought, etc. It has been noted that Orff-pedagogy is an alternative system of music education with the main component of improvisation, the peculiarity of which is the deep and organic relationship of music, movement, and language. It is emphasized that it is based on the following principles: learning is necessary for development (from need to want); movement, sound, language, singing are inextricably linked first, and gradually separated later (from unity to division), the process is more important than the result (from process to result), practice is more important than theory (from entertainment to learning). It is disclosed the content of the elements of the Orff-pedagogy system (language exercises (recitation of poetry and prose under accompaniment, voice sound effects – playful rhymes, laughablenesses, counters, jokes, nursery rhymes «Sheepskin Coat», «Mousy», «Light Rain», «Frogs», «Small Fists and Heels of Hand», etc.), poetic music-making (reading to musical accompaniment – «Autumn Tale», the poem «Night», the word game with movements «Merry Grandfather», etc.), musical-motor exercises (movement to the music – «Go, Go, Rain», «Pumpkin Walks Around the Garden», ...
This research main goal is to give an a vision of current state of Electronic Banking with analysis of the modern state of Open Banking and Open application programming interface (API) initiative. The tectonic shifts in regulation from Central banks and governments digitalisation strategy required from financial institutions to became more technologically ready to comply with licensing. This face banks and financial institutions with a new type of technological challenges which recently wasn't part of regular banks routine and now banks should adopt. Different regions and countries have own regulations and strategies how banking and payments sector should adopt. For example, in Europe each bank must apply a numbers of new software services which was never available for third party companies before. It gives a boost to overall banking and payments software industry to meet the demand of the market. Many other developed countries also have own initiatives for the banking sector similar to PSD2 but with own perspective, timing for implementation and features lists. Standardization and unifications of API's and messaging between financial organization represented in ISO 20022 and main browsers integrated payments API also a huge step forward for integrators, service providers and software development teams. The results of this research represent current stage of readiness of banking and payment industry to new regulations requirements. Banks and Financial institutions must dramatically change their current business model and initiate completely new departments which makes bank more open from technological point of as never before. World wide size companies and organizations promote new financial messaging standards and API implementation on browser levels. With all of this, banks will become more "digital friendly" and new products and services from third party companies, in collaboration with banks, will fill in the market. Inside this research discovered different aspects of the current problems which banks usually faced during implementation and conclusions what they need to expect when such projects is initiated. The information inside this research gives readers detailed information about the most important aspects of the technical side of implementation and review of new standards and tools. ; Цель данного исследования - составить представление о текущем состоянии электронного банкинга в разрезе концепции Open Banking и открытого интерфейса прикладного программирования (API). Переход к стратегиям цифровизации потребовал от финансовых учреждений внедрения новых технологий. На пути к этому банки и финансовые учреждения столкнулись с новым типом технологических проблем, не имевших аналогов ранее. Различные регионы и страны разрабатывают собственные правила и стратегии open banking. Например, в Европе все банки обязаны реализовать положения директивы о платежных услугах PSD2. Многие другие развитые страны имеют собственные инициативы для банковского сектора, аналогичные PSD2, но с собственными сроками реализации и списком функций. Большим шагом вперед для интеграторов, поставщиков услуг и групп разработчиков программного обеспечения является стандартизация и унификация обмена сообщениями между финансовыми организациями, представленная в ISO 20022. Данное исследование показывает текущий уровень готовности мировой банковской и платежной системы к новым требованиям. Банки и финансовые учреждения должны кардинально изменить свою текущую бизнес-модель. Благодаря этому банки станут более «дружественными к цифровым технологиям», и на рынке появятся новые продукты и услуги сторонних компаний в сотрудничестве с банками.
This research main goal is to give an a vision of current state of Electronic Banking with analysis of the modern state of Open Banking and Open application programming interface (API) initiative. The tectonic shifts in regulation from Central banks and governments digitalisation strategy required from financial institutions to became more technologically ready to comply with licensing. This face banks and financial institutions with a new type of technological challenges which recently wasn't part of regular banks routine and now banks should adopt. Different regions and countries have own regulations and strategies how banking and payments sector should adopt. For example, in Europe each bank must apply a numbers of new software services which was never available for third party companies before. It gives a boost to overall banking and payments software industry to meet the demand of the market. Many other developed countries also have own initiatives for the banking sector similar to PSD2 but with own perspective, timing for implementation and features lists. Standardization and unifications of API's and messaging between financial organization represented in ISO 20022 and main browsers integrated payments API also a huge step forward for integrators, service providers and software development teams. The results of this research represent current stage of readiness of banking and payment industry to new regulations requirements. Banks and Financial institutions must dramatically change their current business model and initiate completely new departments which makes bank more open from technological point of as never before. World wide size companies and organizations promote new financial messaging standards and API implementation on browser levels. With all of this, banks will become more "digital friendly" and new products and services from third party companies, in collaboration with banks, will fill in the market. Inside this research discovered different aspects of the current problems which banks usually faced during implementation and conclusions what they need to expect when such projects is initiated. The information inside this research gives readers detailed information about the most important aspects of the technical side of implementation and review of new standards and tools. ; Цель данного исследования - составить представление о текущем состоянии электронного банкинга в разрезе концепции Open Banking и открытого интерфейса прикладного программирования (API). Переход к стратегиям цифровизации потребовал от финансовых учреждений внедрения новых технологий. На пути к этому банки и финансовые учреждения столкнулись с новым типом технологических проблем, не имевших аналогов ранее. Различные регионы и страны разрабатывают собственные правила и стратегии open banking. Например, в Европе все банки обязаны реализовать положения директивы о платежных услугах PSD2. Многие другие развитые страны имеют собственные инициативы для банковского сектора, аналогичные PSD2, но с собственными сроками реализации и списком функций. Большим шагом вперед для интеграторов, поставщиков услуг и групп разработчиков программного обеспечения является стандартизация и унификация обмена сообщениями между финансовыми организациями, представленная в ISO 20022. Данное исследование показывает текущий уровень готовности мировой банковской и платежной системы к новым требованиям. Банки и финансовые учреждения должны кардинально изменить свою текущую бизнес-модель. Благодаря этому банки станут более «дружественными к цифровым технологиям», и на рынке появятся новые продукты и услуги сторонних компаний в сотрудничестве с банками.
This article examines the issues of openness and transparency of the activities of state authorities and local governments in terms of providing public access to open data. An analysis is made of the real possibilities of exercising public control over the openness of the functioning of state institutions. Shortcomings in certain areas of control are revealed and appropriate mechanisms for improving its effectiveness are proposed. ; В даній статті досліджуються питання відкритості і прозорості діяльності органів державної влади та органів місцевого самоврядування в частині надання доступу громадськості до відкритих даних. Здійснюється аналіз реальних можливостей здійснення громадського контролю за відкритістю функціонування державних інституцій. Розкриваються недоліки за окремими напрямами здійснення контролю та пропонуються відповідні механізми підвищення його ефективності.
