Suchergebnisse

Die philosophische Schirmherrschaft uber die Sozialherferinnen
Auf die Kongresse der Nationalen Organisation der Sozial-helferinnen werden seit 1945 bekannte Universitatsprofessoren, "eminente" hohe Staatsbeamte und politische Persönlichkeiten eingeladen. Den Sinn dieser Beteiligung kann man erkennen, wenn man die Vorträge dieser Personen mit den offiziellen Stellungnahmen vergleicht : das Bild des Unpolitischen und des rein technischen Konnens, das die ANAS von sich geben will, dient nur dazu, jenen realen Prozess zu verschleiern, durch den die herrsehende Ideologie in ihrer katholischen Form durch-gesetzt wird.

Considered are criticisms of the patronage now exercised by British Government Ministers as a result of the growth of public bodies-semiautonomous bodies funded by Governments whose Ministers apppoint the membership but whose functions are independent of political control or civil service administration. The criticism alleged partisan selection & suggested possible control of public bodies through such appointments which would lead to an unwelcome extension of executive power. Using information from the Directory of Paid Public Appointments made by Ministers (HMSO, 1976), it is concluded that while the mebership of public bodies was extensive there were few grounds to support the criticism. Most appointments were unpaid, save for expenses, for limited functions which had no political connotations. However, the flexible structure of public bodies could be used for political purposes which may give Governments an extension of executive power. Modified AA.

Towards a political analysis of patronagePolitical patronage is a phenomenon which has already been analysed and evaluated from many angles. An analytical model inspired by cybernetics is proposed here as a framework for the interpretation of the phenomenon. Such a model leads one to observe interactions between the different actors of a given society in terms of power relations. Using the ideas suggested by the model, the author describes patronage as a complex process in which a client relationship is established between patron and client, following which the former tries to alter his relationship with his opponents in political competition. Through the establishment of a client relationship, the patron helps to pull the client out from a certain state of weakness so as to obtain the means which the client wants for himself. Consequently, thanks to the means obtained by the client, which help him augment his power, the patron tries once more to alter his relations with his rivals in the political competition. In this sense, patronage permits a double transformation.On an empirical level two questions are posed. Can one trace an evolutionary pattern in the practice of patronage by political parties in Quebec between 1944 and 1972, and in what sense can patronage be defined? Does patronage have different characteristics depending on whether it is practised by the Liberal party or the Union nationale in the period under review?

The recent success of ethnolinguistic politics is considered to be the outcome of friction between the existing pattern of political integration & a set of relatively new SE conditions. The development of the latter is part of what may be implied in the phrase "postindustrial society." The Belgian pattern of political integration is characterized by very low levels of differentiation between the parties, the administration, & the voluntary organizations. It implies a mode of political participation in which the recent developments in the organization of labor, expansion of the tertiary sector, geographical mobility, & urbanization lead to political marginality for the groups concerned. This marginality expresses itself in support for ethnolinguism, which serves as an alternative route to political integration. This theory is evaluated on the basis of an ecological analysis of the success of an ethnolinguistic party (the front democratique des francophones [Democratic Francophone Front]) in the 1970 & 1976 communal elections. 2 Tables. Modified HA.

The present investigation looks at the recent success of ethnolinguistic politics as, largerly, the outcome of friction betweèn the existing -pattern of political integration and a set of relatively new · socio-economic conditions. The development of the latter is part of what may be implied in the phrase «post-industrial society». The Belgian pattern of political integration is characterized by very low levels of differentiation between the parties, the administration and the voluntary organizations. It implies a mode of political participation in which the recent developments in the organization of labor, expansion of the tertiary sector, geographical mobility and urbanization lead to political marginality for the groupsconcerned. This marginality expresses itself in support for ethnolinguism which serves as an alternative route to political integration.This theory is evaluated and substantiated on the basis of an ecological analysis of the success of an ethnolinguistic party (the Front Démocratique des Francophones) in the 1970 and 1976 communal elections.