Suchergebnisse

The essay concentrates on the progressive definition of the identity of the "besieged" in Mantua during the wars of the late fourteenth century. the northern Italian Po plane city, capital of the Gonzaghesca Dominion, was assaulted by the Visconti troops of Milan that threatened the small state in three stages between 1357 and 1397. Under the violence of those attacks, both the ruling dynasty and the city understood very clearly that for them the only chance to survive relied on the possibility to potentiate the natural position of the city as a neutral and intermediate member of the system of the Italian states. This growing conscience was the basis of the building of a long-lasting political identity focused on a permanent "under siege" condition, which conditioned the entire history of the city until the very last years of its life as an autonomous state and even further. In particular, the assault brought to Mantua by Bernabò Visconti in 1368 is scrutinised, through sources which greatly differ amongst themselves, to understand the real and perceived significance of the events of the assault. ; Il saggio si incentra sulla progressiva definizione della identità "assediata" di Mantova nel corso delle guerre del secondo Trecento. La città padana, capitale della signoria gonzaghesca, viene assalita dalle truppe viscontee a tre riprese tra il 1357 e il 1397: in seguito a questi attacchi di grande violenza, i Gonzaga e la città maturano la consapevolezza che la sopravvivenza del piccolo stato dipende da una sua condizione di vigilante neutralità tra i poteri italiani. Tale consapevolezza si traduce nella costruzione di una identità politica "sotto assedio" che costituisce un tratto distintivo di lunga durata nella storia plurisecolare della città. In particolare si analizza l'assalto portato a Mantova da Bernabò Visconti nel 1368, attraverso fonti assai diverse fra loro, per cogliere la portata reale e percepita dell'evento ossidionale.

This volume contains the results of some studies presented by Egyptian and Italian scholars at the International Conference "Peacebuilding between East and West XI-XVI c.", organized in Cairo on, October 27, 2016 by the Egyptian Unity of research, as part of the academic activities of the Bilateral Project "History of Peace-building: peaceful relations between East and West (11th - 15th century)" carried out jointly by the Institute of the Mediterranean EuropeHistory of the CNR (Italy), and the University of Damanhour. The project is totally funded by the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)(1) of the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Italian National Research Council (CNR)(2).The purpose of the Bilateral Project - and even of the aforementioned International Conference- is to carry out research in order to examine through the study of different types of documentary and narrative sources; the nature, quantity and quality of peaceful relations between Christians and Muslims in a geographical area extending from the Iberian Peninsula to the Levantin a chronological interval between the eleventh and the fifteenth centuries. Needless to say that since it is an Italian-Egyptian project, the researchers will devote particular attention in their studies to the relations between these two geographical areas.In this book, we can find the first contributions of some scholars of the two Research Units on the important theme of the complex relationships between the Christian world and the Islamic one, which characterized almost all the Middle Ages and much of the Modern Age in the area gravitating around the Mediterranean Sea.The researchers' aim is to focus their studies on episodes, geographical areas, persons and moments which represent incidents and cases of peaceful coexistence and connection, with fruitful exchanges of various kinds of knowledge, even in a general context characterized by military, religious and ideological-cultural conflict. ; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Academy of Scientific Research & Technology ; editors in chief Prof. Ali Ahmed El-Sayed, Dr. Luciano Gallinari, Dr. Abdallah Abdel-Ati Al-Naggar ; Beiträge teilweise italienisch, teilweise arabisch in arabischer Schrift

This PhD thesis aims at understanding the problems, both theoretical and practical, related to the applicability of international humanitarian law and human rights law to peacekeeping operations. The four chapters of the thesis discuss the nature and the variety of peacekeeping operations, the attribution of conducts, the interpretation of art. 103 of UN Charter and specific problems linked to the applicability of international humanitarian law and human rights law. The conclusion reached is in the sense that the role of troop-contributing States is fundamental in the compliance with the rule protecting human dignity during peacekeeping operations.