Suchergebnisse

Preliminary material /Editors Perspektiven der Philosophie -- ERINNERN, BEWAHREN, FORTSETZEN. In memoriam Rudolph Berlinger /Martina Scherbel -- WAHRHEIT AUS DER EVIDENZ DES ICH BEI DESCARTES /Rainer Schäfer -- WILLENSFREIHEIT UND DETERMINISMUS. Zum anthropologischen Ansatz Ernst Tugendhats /Christian Fernandes -- ARS ET ARTES. Überlegungen zur antiken Metaphysik des Schönen /Edgar Früchtel -- SUBJEKTIVITÄT UND WESENSSCHAU. Zur visionären Gestaltung im Expressionismus /Theo Meyer -- LEBENSWERT, LUSTBILANZ, WELTPROZESS. Notizen zu Eduard von Hartmann (1842-1906) /Jürgen Große -- GRUNDPROBLEME DES NIHILISMUS: Von Jacobis Fichte-Kritik zu Heideggers Nietzsche-Rezeption /Edith Düsing -- DAS FÜNFTE EVANGELIUM. Zu Nietzsches Also sprach Zarathustra /Rainer Noske -- PHILOSOPHISCHE PERSPEKTIVEN UND PROBLEME IM POSTMODERNEN DENKEN /Kurt Mager -- WEISHEIT – EIN ANTIQUIERTER BEGRIFF IN DER PHILOSOPHIE?. Zur Möglichkeit und Notwendigkeit der gegenwärtigen Weisheits-Renaissance /Dagmar Fenner -- UNSER CHAMÄLEON. Die Weltchiffre des Menschen bei Pico della Mirandola und Albrecht Dürer /Leonhard G. Richter -- EIN SCHATZ AUS KÖNIGSBERG. Hieroglyphische Bilder göttlicher Weisheit /Dieter Harmening -- EDITH DÜSING: NIETZSCHES DENKWEG. Theologie – Darwinismus – Nihilismus. München: Wilhelm Fink Verlag 2006, 601 S. /Theo Meyer -- DIETER HARMENING: WÖRTERBUCH DES ABERGLAUBENS. Stuttgart: Reclam 2005, 520 S. /Theo Meyer -- Mitarbeiterliste 2007 /Editors Perspektiven der Philosophie -- Redaktion: PERSPEKTIVEN DER PHILOSOPHIE /Neues Jahrbuch -- PERSPEKTIVEN DER PHILOSOPHIE /Neues Jahrbuch.

Preliminary material /Editors Perspektiven der Philosophie -- TRAUERANSPRACHE FÜR WIEBKE SCHRADER Freitag, 14. Dezember 2007 /Leonhard G. Richter -- DER MENSCH IN SEINER MITTE Zum, philosophischen Werk Wiebke Schraders /Martina Scherbel -- DAS TRAGISCHE ALS LEBENSBEJAHENDE METAPHER, Zu Nietzsches metaphysischer Ästhetik der Geburt der Tragödie /Georges Goedert -- VERGELTUNG ALS METAPHER FÜR IRRTUM UND WAHRHEIT IM BUCH IJOB /Christian Fernandes -- NICHTS ALS DIE NACKTE WAHRHEIT?, Überlegungen zu einer Metaphorologie des Unbegrifflichen /Edgar Früchtel -- KUNST, DICHTUNG, SCHÖNHEIT, Zur Ästhetik der Geschichtsschreibung /Kurt Mager -- DER 'SENSUS COMMUNIS' IN KANTS THEORIE DER URTEILSKRAFT, Zu einem Problem am Rande der Kantischen Kritik und seinen Implikationen /Harald Seubert -- "DAS INNERE UND DAS ÄUSSERE": Kant als kritischer Erbe der dogmatischen Schulphilosophie /Andree Hahmann -- DIE DIKE IST DIE TOCHTER DER AIDOS, Scham als ethischer Grundbegriff /Jürgen-Eckardt Pleines -- "… DAS MEISTE NÄMLICH / VERMAG DIE GEBURT", Über die Räumlichkeit des Daseins oder: Phänomenologie als Natologie /Artur R. Boelderl -- SEIN, ERSCHEINUNG UND EXISTENZ, Ontologiekritik als Problem bei Martin Heidegger, Emmanuel Levinas und Heinrich Barth /Christian Graf -- DAS MENSCHLICHE UN-TIER ZWISCHEN WISSEN UND SINN /Paul Janssen -- Erwin Schadel (Hrsg.): JOHANN AMOS COMENIUS – ANTISOZIANISCHE SCHRIFTEN, Deutsche Erstübersetzung (Schriften zur Triadik und Ontodynamik, Band 25), Frankfurt/Main u.a. 2008, 3 Teile, 1272 S. /Andreas Lischewski -- László Tengelyi: ERFAHRUNG UND AUSDRUCK, Phänomenologie im Umbruch bei Husserl und seinen Nachfolgern, (Phaenomenologica, Band 180), Dordrecht: Springer 2007, 377 S. /Thiemo Breyer -- PHILOSOPHISCHE PUBLIKATIONEN /Wiebke Schrader -- Mitarbeiterliste 2008 /Editors Perspektiven der Philosophie -- Redaktion: PERSPEKTIVEN DER PHILOSOPHIE /Neues Jahrbuch -- PERSPEKTIVEN DER PHILOSOPHIE /Neues Jahrbuch.

The phenomenon we have tried to approximate in our work is that of Romanian inter-war spirituality. The "protagonists" of this research belonged to the so-called "young generation" or "generation 27", that is "The Criterion group": Mircea Eliade, Emil Cioran, Constantin Noica, Mircea Vulcanescu, as well as other two representatives of a different generation: Nae Ionescu and Nichifor Crainic.
The first chapter, entitled "Steps and traps in the perception of Romanian inter-war spirituality" stipulates the topic of our research. The novelty of the approach lies in our desire of deciphering the way in which these persons had perceived themselves and their role in what we are going to refer to as the great inter-war experiment. We intend to regard reality as the sum of various images, arising from different layers of perception, coming from the respective personalities, their critics and exegetes. These images overlap to an extent that does not justify the metaphor of a "mirror broken into pieces" and reconstructed; they merely form a sort of kaleidoscope whose images are recomposed in ever changing pictures every time the object one looks through revolves. In the same time, we make a starting point in an idea suggested by social psychology, which leads to our belief that the way in which the protagonists under discussion perceived themselves was defined by their representations on the events of the time, a sort of intellectual projection of collective consciousness.
We made clear some terms such as "post-event perception": the type of cognitive reflection upon a cultural background that occurs under the circumstances imposed to the subject, situated at considerable distance in time, capable of placing him in a favorable position – as the absence of subjectivism cannot contaminate direct, synchronic perception of events; possible reiteration of the moment achieved by means of reading, an experiment possessing the supplementary cognitive charge of an anticipatory knowledge of the denouement, as well as a series of disadvantages – such as the informational deficiencies caused by the passing of time, the reality of events being an indirect, secondary one; the contamination of hypothetical decisions and post-event judgments by the bulk and value of information on the events, as well as their subsequent evaluation, jeopardizing the accuracy of perception.
Evaluating the working hypotheses we notice that there is a considerable difference between the way in which we, who were not directly involved in the events, perceive the "epoch", and the way it was perceived by the persons whose intentions we are striving to decipher, together with the ideas and attitudes they shared, the people they came into contact with, the events they took part in or carried them along a sometimes disagreeable, often ungrateful History. Our protagonists observed that whatever culture consecrates or recovers is in possession of another type of reality. It is a relatively continuous reality; even if it becomes the subject of ever renewed evaluation, it constantly perpetuates a series of values, while history is anthropophagous, swallowing in an equally inconsiderate manner both geniuses and jesters, bringing together in its terrifying ignorance both illustrious characters and the most ordinary of all people.

Any reflection on the relationship between religion and politics in the Catholic thought cannot do without reminding the Augustinian distinction between the civitas Dei and civitas terrena. The goal and foundation of any just political community should be the orientation to wards the common good. In the contemporary catholic thought, Johann Baptist Metz proposes a political theology revolving around the concepts of the value of the human person, the necessary refusal, on the part of the Church, of any mundane ideology and the necessary use of the socially critical potential of theological thought. Hans Küng criticizes any politicization of theology. He insists on the development of an internal pluralism within the Church and advocates a self-limitation of the magisterial intervention in the world in the name of a necessary "eschato logical reserve". Joseph Ratzinger/Pope Benedict the XVIth , invested with the magisterial authority, relies heavily on official documents of the Catholic social doctrine. He emphasizes the necessity of founding the state on the central value of justice and its acting according to the principle of subsidiarity. In this context, the Christian faith and the Church in particular may have a pedagogical role, as it may guide reason to follow the right priorities. All three thinkers agree on the public significance of the Christian vision of society and on the fact that it may help society both by its critical and by its constructive dimension.

Pierre Manent is viewed as a French thinker that develops in modern times the liberal tradition of political thinking. One of the most important issues of Manent's thinking that was not enough underlined it is the relationship between religion an politics and how this evolved from the beginning of Christianity until the main consequences of modernity. Manent view on religion and politics is the core of this paper analysis. The main contributions of Manent, such as Naissances de la politique moderne. Machiavel, Hobbes, Rousseau (1977), Histoire intellectuelle du lib.ralisme (1987) La cit. de l'homme (1994), Cours familier de philosophie politique (2001), La raison des nations. R.flections sur la d.mocratie en Europe (2006) are analyzed from this perspective. Our conclusion is that in the way Manent deals with the relationship between politics and religion there are some constants that may be found in all his work. These are: the relationship between the Church and the different forms of political organization in Europe (Civitas, Imperium, monarchy); the fact that Christianity is one of the few current relevant concepts for political, due to the failure of totalitarian ideologies; the idea that secularization in Europe is not irreversible; we live in "an age of separations", and Church-State is one of these separations; we witness the religion transformation process and the .tat la.que cannot survive to .tat-nation; the role of Islam in modern societies and his perpetual finding of a political form; the relationship between Judaism, state and nation; the issue of the Christian identity of Europe.

The author sketches a vivid intellectual history of the content and bearing of Raymond Aron's work, particularly with respect to the great scholar's analyses of totalitarian regimes and of Marxism as a "Christian heresy". He describes the dominant themes of the French philosopher, political scientist, sociologist, historian and journalist from The Opium of the Intellectuals, to Progress and Disillusion: the Dialectics of Modern Society, or Peace and War: A Theory of International Relations; from De Gaulle, Israel and the Jews to Politics and History, or to Main Currents in Sociological Thought; from Marxism and the Existentialists, to Introduction to the Philosophy of History: An Essay on the Limits of Historical Objectivity; and from In Defense of Decadent Europe, to the Memoirs and to the Committed Observer… and this list is not an exhaustive one. He writes about the most prominent of Aron's contemporaries, and about his most enthusiastic followers, particularly in the Western world. As an autobiographical detail, Tismăneanu does not fail to mention Aron's readership among the Romanian students before the fall of the Berlin wall, a triumphant moment which the great champion of "methodological doubt" and the enemy of total metaphysics and ideological orthodoxies did not live to witness.

This article is following the evolution of the understanding of the concept of "property" in the Catholic Church's social doctrine, during a period of 120 years, starting with the pontificate of Leo XIII and ending with the one of Pope Benedict XVI. Being about the various understandings related to the concept of "property" in the Church's social doctrine, only the official discourse of the popes will be followed (magisterium) together with the input brought by the Second Vatican Council in interpreting and defining the concept.

This article compares the ideas of two political thinkers representative for their time and region - Kautilya (of ancient India) and Machiavelli (of modern Europe). The analysis reveals important similarities and differences, and offers potential explanations for the findings. Most significantly, the similarities between Kautyla's Arthasastra and Machiavelli's Prince are visible particularly when it comes to their treatment of war, 'state' administration, diplomacy, monarchy and the features of a good leader. Such similarities suggest that the development of modern European philosophy has been influenced by other cultural spaces, including Ancient India.

The article is an account of Romanian Marxist discourse between 1970 and 1980, one that was completely engaged in the justification and legitimation of the contemporary totalitarian political regime. Radu Florian's works, one of the most representative authors of this decade, are analysed via the conceptual lenses of Austrian economic theory. This methodological approach is quite fertile, since it generates clear explanations why Marxist theory and the communist state incarnating its teachings could not and cannot implement their claims. The samples of Romanian Marxist discourse under scrutiny are a showcase of philosophy invaded by rhetorics and converted into ideology. The author concludes that Romanian Marxism in the designated period represents a long line of contradictions resulting from the attempt to adapt a cruel reality to a generous and humane self-construction of a political programme.

This article intends to analyze the role of religion in the public sphere in Habermas's theory. Despite the fact that the concept has been launched in a book published in 1961, only in 2005 the well-known German thinker has dealt explicitly with this issue. Even the critics of his public sphere model do not mention the lack of religion from the whole paradigm. Some of Habermas writings related to religion prior to 2005 are discussed. The role of religion in the public sphere is, according to Habermas, related with the issue of religious freedom and the State- Church separation, a model opposed to French laicïté. For Habermas, the state must not only be neutral to the religious discourse, but it must also encourage the participation of political organizations to public life. Another issue that is discussed by Habermas is the relationship between religious majorities and minorities. Habermas does assume a middle position between laicïté and the refuse of the modernity-imposed borders between religion and politics. The article takes an insight into the way Charles Taylor deals with the role of religion in the public sphere, a helpful argument for showing that the debate on this issue is only at the beginning.