Suchergebnisse

This article examines the roles, good & bad, played primarily by European but also other countries in the colonial & postcolonial histories of the five African countries of which Portuguese is the official language -- Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea Bissau, Mozambique, & Sao Tome & Principe, known as PALOP (Paises Africanos de Lingua Official Portuguese). The author draws on 22 books to describe the history of the colonization of the PALOP nations & the external influences on their current politics, cultures, language, religions, & people, examining each country turn. The account of Mozambique & its province of Inhambane explains the commercial, political, & social participation of Denmark, stemming primarily from its capital, Copenhagen, in this African country's current state of being & development. Adapted from the source document.

This is the full text of the Joint Declaration, covering the issues of political dialogue, economics, language, culture, education, science, technology, justice, & health. Politically, the two nations are committed to intensifying relations at the highest levels, including reciprocal visits by the heads of state. Economically, the two governments are committed to facilitating greater cooperation between Portuguese & Chinese industries. In terms of language, culture, & education, the two countries are committed to the widest possible sharing & cooperation. In the fields of science & technology, Portugal & China intend to set up a high-level series of workshops & conferences for the mutual exchange of knowledge. Where justice is concerned, the two nations are committed to studying each other's legal systems so that each might learn from the other. Finally, in the health field, cooperation will entail the sharing of national projects & cutting-edge medical practices. R. Young

This paper aims to explore the articulation of Marxism, psychoanalysis & political theory in the particular reading of Ernesto Laclau. Consequences in two main areas are analyzed: discourse theory & political philosophy. This author reconfigures the conceptual basis of hegemony & ideology from an original position close to the Althusserian tradition (by means of deconstruction, Foucauldian archaeology & Lacanian Psychoanalysis) to a standpoint that he himself has described as post Marxist. In that frame, his conception of discourse makes a claim for a renewal of the concept of hegemony, giving up the Marxist topic of base & superstructure. Adapted from the source document.

Raymond Aron's international and strategic thought is inextricably linked to his own critical philosophy of history, as he conceived it in the 1930s, after spending a period of time in Germany. Influenced by pacifist philosopher Alain, Aron is converted to realism, which is put to the test by the 20th century wars. It is not advisable, however, to associate Aron tout court to the strict Anglo-american realism of Hans Morgenthau and Kenneth Waltz. Against the construction of a general theory of International Relations based on model-building, he is the harbinger of a historical sociology of Weberian inspiration, seeking to render the international scene intelligible in its peculiar complexity. Adapted from the source document.

Raymond Aron's treaty is one of the three pivotal works that set the canon for the realist theory in international relations. The founding act of the realist school was performed by E. H. Carr's The Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939 his manifesto against the idealistic utopias of collective security, yet the first step toward the elaboration of a theory was carried Out by Hans Morgenthau in his Politics Among Nations, published in 1948. The ultimate -- although conceivably not the last -- effort in this direction was made forty years later, by Kenneth Waltz's Theory of International Politics. Amidst the two, Paix et guerre entre les nations embodies the transition between the classical school, indebted to history, law and philosophy, and the structuralist avant-garde. Adapted from the source document.

Multiculturalism is progressively at the core of the agenda among the open societies of Europe/West due to their increasing heterogeneity & to the cultural diversity of the population. Last year, dramatic occurrences highly reported by the media -- the terrorist attacks in the London subway, on July 7, & the riots & the social turbulence in France, starting on October 27 & continuing for several weeks during November -- strengthened the belief that "multiculturalism of emigration" might be at stake. Within the political context above described, the subject of this paper is to analyse the interplay between multiculturalism & societal security, both at the level of the theoretical discussion (with particular incidence in the field of Political Philosophy), & at the level of some empirical evidence that can be observed in European societies (United Kingdom & France) & North American ones (Canada), encompassing Muslim communities. In particular, the paper aims at evaluating whether multiculturalism is endangering societal cohesion, leading to the erosion of institutions, practices & values that support & stabilize open & pluralist societies. Tables. Adapted from the source document.