Suchergebnisse

The article is devoted to the consideration of the methodological problem of modern scientific humanitarian discourse in Ukraine - the relationship between the concepts of "Ukrainian philosophy" / "philosophy in Ukraine" in the days of the USSR. Based on a brief historical digression on the history of the philosophical process in Ukraine and the Diaspora, the author shows how difficult it is to assign certain philosophical theories, ideas and figures of thinkers to one of these categories. The article analyzes the existing developments on this issue, as well as proposes the author's version of its solution. It is also proposed to focus on the approach developed by Vilen Horsky in addressing the issue of correlating the concepts of "Ukrainian philosophy" / "philosophy in Ukraine" in the days of the USSR.
The conclusions emphasize that, despite the fact that the issue of "Ukrainian philosophy" / "philosophy in Ukraine" of the Soviet period is in some way set out and resolved even at the level of philosophy textbooks, it still remains open. But, obviously, we will never have a "final and irreversible" solution to this dilemma, in part because of a certain conditionality of such a division, which still makes sense as a symbolic definition of extreme positions in the development of philosophy in these lands in the USSR, as well as the whole humanitarian culture in general. As for the search for criteria for assigning a certain phenomenon or figure to Ukrainian philosophy, it should certainly continue, taking into account the principle of correlation of a number of criteria that will ultimately assess a certain philosophical phenomenon as a whole in terms of expanding the Ukrainian cultural circle through deepening its selfreflection.

The paper deals with the research of the role of labour in the life of contemporary man in terms of the philosophical conception of the "congenial work" of Hrygorij Skovoroda. The reason for turning to Skovoroda's views is the importance of studying the phenomenon of labor, which appears in the XXI century in the sphere of common interests of economics, culturology, philosophy, sociology, psychology. Modern realities – migration processes that move a large number of people from continent to continent, from state to state; new technologies that have been replacing human labor since the industrial revolution, and so on. State social policy is aimed at providing the population with work and supporting those who are temporarily unemployed or completely incapacitated. The challenge for Ukrainian society is the same as for the world community, especially because the events in Ukraine since 2014. Ukrainian society must be ready for innovations in understanding and perceiving the phenomenon of labor in modern conditions. Issues of the balance between work and happiness, the welfare of the individual and the social, and the ways of self-knowledge are being updated. We explore the hard work as the main quality of a socially successful person in the history of Ukrainian culture, negative recovery from laziness and mismanagement. We accent the importance of historical achievements of Ukrainian ethnopedagogy with the transmission of knowledge and experience through imitation, as well as the gender aspect of folk labor education, in particular Ukrainian rituals and traditions of knowledge transfer and education from generation to generation. The modern philosophical view on the correlation of human involvement in work and the formation of a number of human virtues in contrast to laziness and the associated spiritual degradation and poverty is analyzed. Prospects for further research at the junction of economics, sociology, philosophy, psychology, related to the economic set of mind.

The article is devoted to highlighting the importance of the process of decommunization in the study of the forbidden by Soviet ideology themes and personalities in the history of philosophy of Ukraine, namely: the history of neo-Thomism and the work of its representative, the historian of philosophy Fr. M. Conrad (1876–1941). The author establishes how the ideological pressure of the Soviet system influenced the course of historical and philosophical research in Ukraine and what were its consequences; whether Ukrainian historians of philosophy of the Soviet period could study the philosophical views of M. Conrad; if so, in what way and for what reasons was it not done? The study showed that the ideological pressure in the historical and philosophical sphere was not the same during the Soviet period. With the beginning of the "thaw" there was a turn in research on the history of philosophy of Ukraine from the study of philosophical thought of "revolutionary democrats" and naturalists to "idealistic" philosophical teachings, which allowed the study of the history of neo-Thomism with its obligatory criticism. Criticism then was often a way to study the views of thinkers that were considered dangerous to the Soviet system. For these reasons, Conrad could be criticized as an objective idealist. Or, for nationalist ideas, as a bourgeois nationalist. However, such opportunities had their limits. The analysis of philosopher's critical views on the socialist-communist mentality allowed to characterize them as well-argued and objective, which could be another reason for banning the study of his works. As a result of the 1972 repressions of Ukrainian philosophers and the strengthening of ideological control over the course of historical and philosophical research, the study of not only neo-Thomism but also the work of pro-Soviet thinkers ceased. The beginning of the decommunization process allowed the freedom of choice of themes and personalities and created the conditions for an objective study of the creative work of Father M. Conrad.

The first defence of dissertation studies for obtaining the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Ukraine took place in 2019. As of November 1, 2022, 51 institutions are conducting PhD training in Ukraine's speciality 222 "Medicine". The total licensed amount of PhD training in the speciality 222 "Medicine" is 4,784 places. Still, the number of applicants who obtain the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is three times lower - 33% of the licensed amount (1,575 applicants). As of November 1, 2022, 120 applicants (8%) studied under non-accredited educational and scientific programs in the speciality 222 "Medicine".

In contemporary Ukraine conflict studies are primarily deal with historical, political, and cultural sciences. The proposed research outlines the features of a global conflict, to which all countries will be involved in the future. It is a conflict of humanism, which for centuries was the basis of world culture, philosophy, and ethics on the one hand, and technology on the other. The main problem is the probable loss of human identity through cybernation. The article analyzes the fundamental works of philosophers and futurologists, and also outlines ways to resolve the conflict with help of new ethics that should be evaluated by humanity. The special role of Ukrainian and cultural studies in higher-level academic education is emphasized. Within the framework of these scientific disciplines, a new ethics should be developed. Philosophical, psychological and futurological theories of the 20th and 21st centuries analyze the present, and foresee the future. Researchers seek to figure out a new global challenge for humanity that provokes to rethink its course of action. Contemporary world is filled with robots and technologies. The position of human in this world has changed and it requires new features of humanism. Spiritual searches of past eras opposed man and nature. But today man is opposed to technology. It means that the future of man is becoming unclear. New spiritual, economic, political and environmental confrontations waiting for man on his way. This subject is many-sided and interdisciplinary, it demands knowledge in humanities, philosophy, futurology, bioethics and technical disciplines.

Each organization as a socio-economic system is exposed to the factors of external and internal environment; the organizational culture (OC) of the company is in its turn the product of the interrelation between the external and internal environment of an enterprise, so any impact will determine further formation and development of OC. The factors of both external and internal environment can have a positive or negative trend to a change. The problems of the research into the essence of OC and the innovation potential are tackled in many papers of both domestic and foreign authors, but no relationship was identified between the structure and the factors of OC and innovation potential. Therefore, in our opinion, the issue of identifying the factors influence presents a problem. Its defining will make it possible to forecast a positive or a negative trend in the change of the organizational structure that will determine the capacity to enhance the innovation potential of an enterprise. The purpose of writing this article was to study the influence of factors of external and internal environment of the organization on the components of OC and the innovation potential of an enterprise. To explore the problems studied for the article we structured in detail the concepts and elements that OC contains, and also defined the structure of the innovation potential, its components. Comparison of the structures of OC and innovation potential demonstrated the presence of common and interrelated elements. A deeper analysis was conducted by defining the main factors of OC. The results of the analysis allowed determining the place of OC in the structure of the innovation potential of an enterprise. Thus, the following conclusions can be made. First, the structure of OC and the innovation potential contains a shared item, which is microclimate that implies conditions that can facilitate the development of innovation in the organization. Second, the factors of OC for the most part form the structure of the innovation potential: personality of the founder – management style, system of communication; the size of the organization determines its structure, the presence of various technological premises, the possibility of free movement of the personnel and organization of work. Third, production technology, adopted by the organization, determines the level of its innovation potential. The flexibility of OC allows more intensive using and adapting innovation technologies at an enterprise. The scientific novelty of the research. For the first time we formulated a definition of OC as a model of key elements, genuinely correct and the one that is passed on to the new members of the team as a certain dogma. The practical value of the work lies in summarizing and comparing the basic elements of OC and the innovation potential and identifying common peculiarities that makes it possible to define the role of formation and development of organizational culture in improving the innovation of an enterprise. Further objectives are defined as the analysis of influence factors on the Ukrainian enterprises, identification of problems and development of plans to eliminate them or warn about them.

Ukraine's Euro-civilization choice, which took place as a result of the Revolution of Dignity, posed a number of challenges to Ukrainian society, without adequate answers to which EU accession will remain a ratherdistant prospect for Ukrainians. One of such challenges is the genderization of the social life of Ukrainians, in particular in the field of education, which presupposes, first of all, the formation of a gender-sensitive space for the existence of the country's citizens; mass involvement of Ukrainian women in all spheres of society on an equal footing with men and the creation of equal opportunities for this. The philosophy of this process is to recognize as the greatest value of human capital, existing in the form of two social sexes (gender) - female and male - with different life experiences, differences and personal strategies of self-realization.
The article analyzes, among other, the issue of teaching feminist and (or) gender issues in higher educational institutions of modern Ukraine from the standpoint of philosophical and worldview approach. The author aim is to investigate the real state of gender education in Ukrainian higher education institutions, to analyze the existing problems and identify prospects for the development of this process in Ukraine. A group of political science students from the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv was involved in an in-depth survey of the need / no need to teach feminist and gender issues in universities. It was concluded that exist the need of genderization higher education in Ukraine as an integral part of the Euro-integration process.

The article raises issues of development of the new University ethics based on the Ukrainian higher education conventions institutions and on the transition to the European educational tradition. On the other hand, a new ethic is influenced by the immersion of mankind on the Internet. The honour as prime category of etics, needs a new definition in the 21st century. It should be noted that there is a new social reality that is characterized by the super-fast pace of life, events and changes. It leads to an increase in uncertainty and insecurity of the individual in the face of reality, and to refusal of a person to achieve perspective for temporary, immediate results. Instant information exchange between the most remote places on the planet leads to non-critical perception of information and to dependence on it. One of the alarming symptoms of uncontrolled absorption of information is plagiarism as blurring the line between the personal and the common. Changes in society in terms of global information flow require the definition of a new ethics of discourse, which is based on the achievement of consensus between all people, on the awareness of changes, on the work on the most problematic points in the human/social system, and on the clear definition of the rules of work with information and plagiarism. Contemporary education must respond to these civilizational challenges and prevent the leveling of personal creativity and work. Together with sociology, philosophy, Ukrainian studies, pedagogics should be involved in determining the degree of responsibility of each person for those processes that take place in society.

The investigation of the problem of the emotional component of the present-day students' psychological health is topical in some circumstances. Firstly, the dialectical character of the emotions and feelings correlation, the role of personal feelings in psychological health's general characteristic. The article also elaborates on the necessity of including the spheres of value and motivation into the overall theoretical and methodological context of discussing the outlined problem. The article also presents the results of empiric studies aimed at investigating the internal organization of the notion of psychological health in students of local universities. The results suggest that students give an exceptional value to the motivational dimension of psychological health. Also, the propositions for the future research in the field of psychological health are outlined. The article also provides a sufficient theoretical review of the notion of psychological health in literary sources.

The role of quantitative and qualitative emotional characteristics in personal alteration are important nowadays. The idea of the following theoretical constructs such as "psychological resource" and "psychological health" is investigated. Such principal term as students' age period in personal skills development, that is defined as an ability "to operate his/her resources" is analyzed.

The fundamental psychological researches confirm the importance of the role of the person emotional readiness in his/her development as an "integrated education" which involves not only the psychological health, but also the mental health and spirituality among other components. Such aspect of the problem is investigated in the context of a behavior-oriented approach, where the components are the following: person action that correlate with the phenomenal-emotional manifestation, that is operationalized as the transition of moral sense in philosophy and spiritual dimension.

The article presents a theoretical analysis of modern theories of wisdom, considers the formation and essence of the concept of wisdom in psychology. At the end of the twentieth century, the interest of psychologists in the subject of wisdom began to grow. Wisdom as a concept is integral to any society, culture and time, it reveals those qualities of personality that help a person to be realized. The concept of wisdom requires theoretical justification and empirical research. In general, there are two main concepts of wisdom: one affirms the affective qualities more or less with the cognitive, inherent in man; the other focuses precisely on cognitive and reflexive abilities, ignoring emotional life. This typification has proved itself in several planes. In the history of philosophy, the understanding of wisdom had both an affective and a cognitive character, represented by East and West. Empirical studies of implicit concepts of wisdom conducted in recent years indicate the variability of perception of wisdom. In the East, the concept of wisdom is less analytical and more psychological than in the West, which requires an understanding not only of the intellectual, but also of the sensual (emotions, intuition, etc.). Cross-cultural empirical studies confirm the general difference in the perception of wisdom in different cultures. The influence of age on the manifestations of wisdom in humans should be noted separately. Research has shown that age negatively affects the intellectual component of wisdom, but is neutral to procedural knowledge. On the one hand, with age a person acquires experience that can interpret and extract new procedural knowledge from him. On the other hand, the fact that a person has life experience does not determine a person's qualitative interpretation of what happened to him. The age factor cannot be decisive in becoming wise.

The article presents the problem of studying the origins of the theory and practice of information in Ukraine at the beginning of the 20th century. The hypothesis concerning the orientation of the national, mainly socio-humanitarian science, to the summing up of the accumulated knowledge in the historical time of the state creation of the Ukrainian nation is formulated. The views of the leading figures of the Ukrainian science on the tasks of the first weight in the scientific work on the creation of various types and sources of information (bibliographic) sources are outlined. The activities of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAN) in the period of its organizational structuring of 1918-1932 years are described separately along the way of creation of the information base on the national science "Ukrainian bibliographic repertoire". The attention was paid to the administrative activities of the UAN on the structuring of scientific institutes, committees of commissions, bureau and their functions of bibliographic summarization of the thematic and branch directions of Ukrainian science. The peculiarities of the bibliographic strategy of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences as revealed by the national versus the information strategy of the USA in the direction of communication technologies of the 1930s were revealed. The presented facts of the historical context concerning the first germs of the organization of system bibliographic activity in Ukraine allow the creation of original, socio-humanitarian knowledge regarding the formation of a national school of computer science in Ukraine, led by academician V. Glushkov in the second half of the twentieth century. The prospect of such a scientific vision of the history of computer science in Ukraine is due to modern research in the field of information philosophy.

The article analyzes the phenomenon of social solidarity of the diaspora as one of the main directions of development of modern society in the context of challenges related to the problem of COVID-19. The analysis of social principles and genesis of comprehension of the category of social solidarity and cohesion on the materials of social philosophy is carried out. The essence of the main scientific approaches to the study of the concepts of social solidarity and cohesion is determined. Solidarity in work is seen as one of the prerequisites for stability and social order. The modern scientific definition of "social solidarity" in the social sciences means the unity of a group, class, or action that generates unity of interests, goals, standards, and mutual understanding. Solidarity processes by modern foreign and domestic researchers today are associated primarily with such phenomena as cooperation, cohesion, unity, public trust, the presence of common ideas, views and goals. Although social cohesion seems a difficult concept to study, researchers note its extreme importance in detailing the category of solidarity as a wide range of components: mutual assistance, trust, perception of difference, perception of justice, social inclusion, and so on. Since the spread of the COVID-19 virus and disease, people around the world have faced a large-scale emergency and an incomprehensible situation that is new to most modern societies. Therefore, the socio-cultural understanding of the pandemic as a global problem today acquires special significance for the search for the foundations of social cohesion, as a means of reducing tensions and social solidarity of communities. The authors argue that it is social solidarity and cohesion of the diaspora of communities and communities that is an effective means of social counteraction to modern destructive factors and challenges.

The author of the article shows that conflicts attract the attention of representatives of various fields of knowledge (philosophy, sociology, conflict studies, psychology, history, political science, jurisprudence, military science, culturology, art, ethnology, pedagogy and etc.), in particular, in order to develop optimal ways to resolve them at various levels of deployment of conflict confrontation between different parties. Emphasizes that conflict should be considered as one of the types of social interaction. Its participants can be individuals, human groups, organizations, institutions, societies, countries, states and so on. Phenomena of conflicts, from ancient times to the present, in various artistic forms reflect the reality of a certain era and features of historical time. Artistic understanding of the phenomena of conflicts complements, strengthens and facilitates the scientific analysis of the problems of conflicts and the dynamics of their course. Analyzes the reasons that, since cinema is one of the most popular art forms of today, combining creativity and production, cinema itself can be actively involved in the processes of deconflict of Ukrainian society. Indicates the specifics of feature film: it affects the deep layers of consciousness, touches all the strings of the human soul and at the same time reflects the current problems of today; forces the viewer to identify with the characters of the film and actively include their ideals, principles, behavior and thinking in their real lives. He concludes that cinema, given its subject matter and plot, plays a significant role in shaping both aggressive and peaceful behavior of people, ie it can contribute to either increasing the level of conflict situations in society, or their leveling. Proves that in order to reduce the level of conflict in society, it is necessary to reduce the number of films that contain open displays of violence, bloody scenes and large-scale plans of terror; it is necessary to increase the number of high-quality Ukrainian films of patriotic orientation.

The article is devoted to the theoretical study of theory as an order of production of this theory at the categorical level. Based on historical and sociological material and conceptual analysis, the author explores the logic of the development of sociology as a science using the metacategory of order as an example. The author analyzes a number of views prevailing in sociology on issues of abstraction and specificity, empiricism and theory, generalizations and refinements, universalist conceptualism and particular applicability. It is emphasized that the abstraction, selection and construction of metacategories is the main way not only in the "normal sciences" (according to T. Kuhn), but also in the sciences that can oppose themselves to them, including in various sociology projects. As an example of metalanguages the development of N. Luhmann's theory and actor-network theory are studied. The ways of introducing metacategories into sociology, their abstraction and approval are investigated. Three key sources of metacategories for sociology are identified (selfmovement of sociology, borrowing from philosophy, extraction from other sciences). An important distinction between metacategories, categories and official words in sociological theorizing is introduced. Separate emphasis is placed on the analysis of how metacategories are practiced in sociological discourse. The author's hypotheses and preliminary conclusions are verified on the basis of material metacategories of the social order in the interpretation of a number of leading theoretical sociologists. For verification, P.A. Sorokin, T. Parsons, P. Bourdieu and E. Goffmann theories were used. The conclusion about the epistemological significance of metacategories for sociology and about their role in the scientific order of the organization of knowledge is drawn. In particular, the author proves that the study of the metacategory of order allows to reveal the metaorder of categories in theoretical sociology. Order as one of the most abstract, least "colored" and methodologically biased metacategories in this sense has a high potential for explicating the logic of the development of sociology.

The author considers in this article the problem of definition the characteristics of the non-independent status of Ukraine at the time of the Russian Empire and the USSR as one of the key for the Ukrainian philosophy of history, political science and politics. This problem is extremely important both from a theoretical and a practical point of view. According to the author, Ukraine really had the status of a colony in one form or another, although nominally in the USSR was one of the "sovereign republics". The article outlines the main factors that prevent scholars from unanimously recognizing this status, criticized those areas of Western Postcolonial Studies, where hypertrophied racial factors and the "overseas territories" factor, and, in addition, the Russian Empire is ignored as a colonial state. The part of those researchers, who deny the colonial status of Ukraine in the USSR, emphasize the aggressive nature of Bolshevism and the imperial policy of Moscow, but at the same time they are talking about "occupied Ukraine." For example, the main territory of Ukraine after the collapse of the Russian Empire was occupied by Bolshevik Russia. After the Second World War, when almost all of the Ukrainian lands were united under the USSR, they were given an occupation regime that existed until the 1990s. The author of the article believes that this approach is a simplification of the real situation. The period of occupation in Eastern Ukraine ended in 1921, when the Bolsheviks were forced to make certain concessions to the Ukrainians, and in Western Ukraine - in 1953, shortly after Stalin's death. There has come a long period of colonial exploitation of Ukrainian resources, including human, whose consequences considerably complicate the life of the restored independent Ukrainian state. Decolonization is an incomparably more complex and prolonged process than liberation from occupation and overcoming its consequences.