Suchergebnisse

Since 1957 the courts in most states have moved rapidly toward imposing vicarious liability on a hospital for the torts of employee-physicians. In 1965 the Illinois Supreme Court held that a hospital could be liable for the malpractice of a nonemployee-physician. This comment attempts to describe these trends, to delineate the new rules the courts are applying and to determine the rationale for adopting these new rules. The comment assumes the patient has established that the physician committed malpractice; the only issue addressed is whether the patient can recover from the hospital for his or her injuries. The scope is further limited to the liability of a private hospital; thus governmental immunity, peculiar to state or federally owned hospitals, is not discussed.

La theorie du localisme‐cosmopolitanisme est appliquee a l'identification des types de medecin. L'analyse factorielle, le coefficient de concordance de Kendall ainsi que les gamma et chi‐carres sont utilises selon diverses combinaisons pour identifier des constellations de variables. On identifie deux types de medecins qui sont statistiquement bien differencies: le professionnel de la medecine (cosmopolitain) et le politicien de la medecine (local). Une demonstration empirique s'ensuit laquelle etablit que les cosmopolitains ont une attitude plus liberate que les locaux vis‐a‐vis les problemes sociaux et medicaux et une attitude plus critique vis‐a‐vis les regimes d'assurance maladie.The theory of localism‐cosmopolitanism is applied to the identification of physician‐types. Factor analysis, Kendall's coefficient of concordance, gamma and chi‐square are used in combination to identify variable clusters. Two statistically distinct types were found, the professional (cosmopolitan) and the medical politician (local). Empirical evidence is presented which indicates that cosmopolitans tend to be more liberal than locals in attitudes toward certain medical‐social issues, and more critical of health insurance plans.

In his introductory address at the third International Refresher Course for Junior Medical Officers, Dr. H. Meuli, member of the ICRC, said "No one knows war better than the military medical officer, nor measures its horror, nor hates it more. No one has greater insight into war to enable him to take a stand for peace and against war". From its very beginnings the Red Cross has been linked to medicine; it was the ICRC which obtained for doctors the means of exercising their profession in war, which are laid down in the Geneva Conventions.It therefore seems appropriate to quote extensively from a communication submitted at the Course by an Italian doctor, bearing moving testimony to the difficulties facing the medical officer, the noble character of his mission and the principles underlying his activity in the prisoner of war camp. These principles were summed up in his conclusion : "Like peace and justice, medicine loses its significance if not accompanied by charity. If it is to stay universal, it must not lose its humanity". (Ed.).