Suchergebnisse

Law politic present at the point of encounter between living realism and the demands ofidealism. Political law concerns on an ideal or hope, then there is a legal vision that is setin advance, then the form and content of the law are built to realize that vision. Theurgency existence of administrative justice in realizing the rule of law encourages thegovernment to establish a legal system in the field of administrative justice through theestablishment of Law Number 51986 about State Administrative Courts, which is thefoundation for the establishment of a State Administrative Court in Indonesia. In theexplanation of Law Number 5 of 1986 stated that the State Administrative Court was heldin order to provide protection to the people seeking justice, which felt themselves to beharmed by a State Administrative Decision. Principly, a country is expected to giveprotection for the human rights of its citizens

Entre les diferents tendències de la filosofia contemporània, l'anomenat "nou realisme" és probablement un dels més interessants. El "Nou Realisme" no és simplement un "retorn" a la realitat, un reconeixement banal i trivial de l'existència del món extern. Més aviat, és un moviment filosòfic polèmic (i per tant polític) contra el monopoli teòric, especialment en la filosofia continental, governada pel discurs filosòfic postmodern. Per tant, el Nou Realisme és una espècie d'antagonista filosòfic de la postmodernitat. No obstant això, no podem reduir el Nou Realisme a la simple crítica de la postmodernitat. De fet, el Nou Realisme és un moviment filosòfic multifacètic i estratificat. Hi ha molts Realismes Nous diferents. Aquests Nous Realismes inclouen diferents autors, línies i camins d'investigació, units per la crítica de la postmodernitat, però distingits de moltes maneres. L'objectiu d'aquesta contribució és doble. En primer lloc, es rastrejarà breument la història teòrica del Nou Realisme. En segon lloc, es posarà l'accent en les temàtiques més importants del nou realisme i, al mateix temps, en les diferents teories filosòfiques (Ferraris, Meillassoux, Gabriel, Boghossian, Harman, Gratton) desenvolupades sota la denominació de "Nou Realisme". ; Among the different tendencies in contemporary philosophy, the so called "new realism" is probably one of the most interesting. The "New Realism" is not simply a "back" to the reality, a banal and trivial recognition of the existence of the external world. Rather, it is a polemic (and therefore political) philosophical movement against the theoretical monopoly, especially in continental philosophy, ruled by the postmodern philosophical discourse. Therefore, New Realism is a sort of philosophical antagonist of postmodernity. However, we cannot flatten the New Realism on the critique of postmodernity. Indeed, New Realism is a multifaceted and stratified philosophical movement. There are several different New Realisms. These New Realisms include different authors, lines and paths of research, joined by the critique of postmodernity, but distinguished in many ways. The aim of this contribution is double. Firstly, I will trace briefly the theoretical history of New Realism. Secondly, I will focus my paper on the most important topics of new realism, and at the same time on the different philosophical theories (Ferraris, Meillassoux, Gabriel, Boghossian, Harman, Gratton) developed within the name of "New Realism". ; Entre las diferentes tendencias de la filosofía contemporánea, el llamado "nuevo realismo" es probablemente uno de los más interesantes. El "Nuevo Realismo" no es simplemente un "regreso" a la realidad, un reconocimiento banal y trivial de la existencia del mundo externo. Más bien, es un movimiento filosófico polémico (y por lo tanto político) contra el monopolio teórico, especialmente en la filosofía continental, gobernada por el discurso filosófico posmoderno. Por lo tanto, el Nuevo Realismo es una especie de antagonista filosófico de la posmodernidad. Sin embargo, no podemos reducir el Nuevo Realismo a la simple crítica de la posmodernidad. De hecho, el Nuevo Realismo es un movimiento filosófico multifacético y estratificado. Hay muchos Realismos Nuevos diferentes. Estos Nuevos Realismos incluyen diferentes autores, líneas y caminos de investigación, unidos por la crítica de la posmodernidad, pero distinguidos de muchas maneras. El objetivo de esta contribución es doble. En primer lugar, se rastreará brevemente la historia teórica del Nuevo Realismo. En segundo lugar, se pondrá el acento en las temáticas más importantes del nuevo realismo y, al mismo tiempo, en las diferentes teorías filosóficas (Ferraris, Meillassoux, Gabriel, Boghossian, Harman, Gratton) desarrolladas bajo la denominación de "Nuevo Realismo".

Preface : reconfiguring realism / Margaret Cohen -- Introduction : realism, God's secret, and the body / Christopher Prendergast -- Female sexuality and the referent of enlightenment realisms / April Alliston -- Censoring the realist gaze / Jann Matlock -- Realism without a human face / Judith L. Goldstein -- In lieu of a chapter on some French women realist novelists / Margaret Cohen -- S/Z, realism, and compulsory heterosexuality / Diana Knight -- Real fashion : clothes unmake the working woman / Anne Higonnet -- Figura serpentinata : visual seduction and the colonial gaze / Emily Apter -- Flaubert and realism : paternity, authority, and sexual difference / Roger Huss -- The adulteress's child / Naomi Segal -- The body and the body politic in the novels of the Goncourts / Patrick O'Donovan -- Experimenting on women : Zola's theory and practice of the experimental novel / Dorothy Kelly -- Temples of delight : consuming consumption in Emile Zola's Au Bonheur des dames / Barbara Vinken -- The morgue and the Musée Grévin : understanding the public taste for reality in fin-de-siècle Paris / Vanessa R. Schwartz -- Bayadères, stéréorama, and vahat-loukoum : technological realism in the age of empire / Rhonda Garelick -- A question of reference : male sexuality in phallic theory / Charles Bernheimer -- Courbet's : L'Origine du monde : the origin without an original / Linda Nochlin

Among the different tendencies in contemporary philosophy, the so called "new realism" is probably one of the most interesting. The "New Realism" is not simply a "back" to the reality, a banal and trivial recognition of the existence of the external world. Rather, it is a polemic (and therefore political) philosophical movement against the theoretical monopoly, especially in continental philosophy, ruled by the postmodern philosophical discourse. Therefore, New Realism is a sort of philosophical antagonist of postmodernity. However, we cannot flatten the New Realism on the critique of postmodernity. Indeed, New Realism is a multifaceted and stratified philosophical movement. There are several different New Realisms. These New Realisms include different authors, lines and paths of research, joined by the critique of postmodernity, but distinguished in many ways. The aim of this contribution is double. Firstly, I will trace briefly the theoretical history of New Realism. Secondly, I will focus my paper on the most important topics of new realism, and at the same time on the different philosophical theories (Ferraris, Meillassoux, Gabriel, Boghossian, Harman, Gratton) developed within the name of "New Realism". ; Entre las diferentes tendencias de la filosofía contemporánea, el llamado "nuevo realismo" es probablemente uno de los más interesantes. El "Nuevo Realismo" no es simplemente un "regreso" a la realidad, un reconocimiento banal y trivial de la existencia del mundo externo. Más bien, es un movimiento filosófico polémico (y por lo tanto político) contra el monopolio teórico, especialmente en la filosofía continental, gobernada por el discurso filosófico posmoderno. Por lo tanto, el Nuevo Realismo es una especie de antagonista filosófico de la posmodernidad. Sin embargo, no podemos reducir el Nuevo Realismo a la simple crítica de la posmodernidad. De hecho, el Nuevo Realismo es un movimiento filosófico multifacético y estratificado. Hay muchos Realismos Nuevos diferentes. Estos Nuevos Realismos incluyen diferentes autores, líneas y caminos de investigación, unidos por la crítica de la posmodernidad, pero distinguidos de muchas maneras. El objetivo de esta contribución es doble. En primer lugar, se rastreará brevemente la historia teórica del Nuevo Realismo. En segundo lugar, se pondrá el acento en las temáticas más importantes del nuevo realismo y, al mismo tiempo, en las diferentes teorías filosóficas (Ferraris, Meillassoux, Gabriel, Boghossian, Harman, Gratton) desarrolladas bajo la denominación de "Nuevo Realismo". ; Entre les diferents tendències de la filosofia contemporània, l'anomenat "nou realisme" és probablement un dels més interessants. El "Nou Realisme" no és simplement un "retorn" a la realitat, un reconeixement banal i trivial de l'existència del món extern. Més aviat, és un moviment filosòfic polèmic (i per tant polític) contra el monopoli teòric, especialment en la filosofia continental, governada pel discurs filosòfic postmodern. Per tant, el Nou Realisme és una espècie d'antagonista filosòfic de la postmodernitat. No obstant això, no podem reduir el Nou Realisme a la simple crítica de la postmodernitat. De fet, el Nou Realisme és un moviment filosòfic multifacètic i estratificat. Hi ha molts Realismes Nous diferents. Aquests Nous Realismes inclouen diferents autors, línies i camins d'investigació, units per la crítica de la postmodernitat, però distingits de moltes maneres. L'objectiu d'aquesta contribució és doble. En primer lloc, es rastrejarà breument la història teòrica del Nou Realisme. En segon lloc, es posarà l'accent en les temàtiques més importants del nou realisme i, al mateix temps, en les diferents teories filosòfiques (Ferraris, Meillassoux, Gabriel, Boghossian, Harman, Gratton) desenvolupades sota la denominació de "Nou Realisme"

Intro -- Contents -- The Essence of Millennial Reflections on International Studies: Conflict, Security, Foreign Policy, and International Politic -- Foreign Policy Analysis -- Foreign Policy Analysis: Steady Progress and a Half-Empty Glass -- Beliefs and Foreign Policy Analysis in the New Millennium -- Public Opinion and Foreign Policy Analysis: Where We Were, Are, and Should Strive to Be -- Simulation and Experimentation in Foreign Policy Analysis: Some Personal Observations on Problems and Prospects -- International Security, Peace, and War -- Security Theory: Six Paradigms Searching for Security -- Security and Peace: Understanding, Production, and Work Style -- Convergences between International Security Studies and Peace Studies -- Accounting for Interstate War: Progress and Cumulation -- Notes from the Underground: A Tale of Three Perspectives -- International Political Economy -- Reflections on the Field of International Political Economy -- Some Thoughts on International Political Economy in the Context of Public Policy Education -- International Political Economy: From Paradigmatic Debates to Productive Disagreements -- Contributors.

This paper deals with realism and international standards of accounting and aims at disclosing the foundations of the process of regulation in the field of accounting services, that common sense considers as a product of scientific research, derived of the construction of descriptions of the economic reality that support predictions dynamized by a communicative action.My methodological approach, based on hermeneutics, gives us a comprehension of the phenomenon, tries to know its causes and dynamics, appealing to historical interpretation, and seeks the origins and contents of accounting regulation as a mechanism of incorporating it in the global markets, out of strategies of international relations based on cooperation. ; Este escrito, trata sobre Realismo y Estándares Internacionales de Contabilidad. Pretende develar los fundamentos del proceso de regulación en el campo de los servicios contables que el sentido común, considera producto de investigación científica, derivado de la construcción de descripciones de la realidad económica que fundamentan predicciones dinamizadas por una acción comunicativa. El enfoque metodológico soportado en hermenéutica, construye una comprensión del fenómeno, busca conocer sus causas y dinámicas, apelando a interpretación histórica, buscando en ella los orígenes y contenidos de la regulación contable como mecanismo de incorporación a, y de los mercados globales, desde estrategias de relaciones internacionales basadas en cooperación.El proceso interpretativo, permite entender la regulación desde una perspectiva de realismo, confirmando prácticas de segmentación cognitiva para transformar la contabilidad de bien público, en mercancía para satisfacer intereses de los agentes del financiamiento empresarial, abandonando el campo de la descripción, propio de la contabilidad como historia, desplazándola a la predicción por expectativas derivadas de valoraciones ancladas en el pasado y medidas en el futuro. No existen,en la regulación, estructuras hipotético-deductivas ni teleológicas en la perspectiva de las metodologías de construcción, que son políticas; ni bases epistemológicas, lo prevaleciente, es la instrumentalización de intereses y valores.Palabras clave:Teoría del régimen internacional, regulación contable,realismoeconómico, realismo político, cooperación.

In the present text, the author remarks that The Prison Notebooks hold the certainty that if the risk of approaching politics in all its complexity is not taken, the philosophy of thepractice will be pushed into the background to a pristine account of the reality and will not cause the social change which originates it. Even worse, it could cause the same collective disasters that were aimed to be changed. Gramsci knew that everything existing under astrong politic realism could not be destroyed without, at the same time, generating a creative process, imaginative, in which it was necessary to start to reflect in order to face the historic difficulty of building a collective will. ; El autor señala que los Cuadernos de la Cárcel guardan la certeza de que si no se asume el riesgo de afrontar la política en toda su complejidad, la filosofía de la praxis quedará relegada a un relato prístino de la realidad y no provocará la transformación social que la origina; o peor aún, provocará los mismos desastres colectivos que se procuraron cambiar.Señala que Gramsci supo que no se podía destruir todo lo existente bajo un fuerte realismo político sin generar un proceso creativo, imaginativo, sobre el cual era necesario reflexionar para afrontar la dificultad histórica de conformar una voluntad colectiva.

Scopul acestui studiu este de a identifica argumentele realismului stiintific, formulate de catre Alexander Wendt, pe baza carora statul se defineste ca persoana sau ca actor in sistemul de state. Voi vorbi despre aceste argumente si motivele pentru care acestea pot explica comportamentul statelorca actori rationali. In prima parte mi-am propus sa identific componentele teoretice din cadrul realismului stiintific, conform carora statele sunt autoorganizate, seamana cu organismele biologice, adica au o structura interna cu elemente constituente functionale care actioneaza in sens colectiv in virtutea reproducerii si supravietuirii sistemului, iar spre exterior acestea isi stabilesc limite/granite pentru a se defini ca o identitate. Pe baza componentelor biologice ale sistemului voi identifica si componenta cognitiva a unui stat, ceea ce il defineste ca o persoana psihologica cu interese, constiinta si memorie, astfel elementele constituente actioneaza in sensul supravietuirii identitatii colective. Fiind date functiile cognitive ale statului acesta isi va putea proiecta si strategii de relationare cu ceilalti actori statali. In a doua sectiune a lucrarii voi vorbi despre paradigma realismului ofensiv, din cadrul relatiilor internationale. Astfel pe baza structurii teoretice din realismul stiintific voi extrage conceptele cheie si le voi operationaliza, sau cel putin le voi asocia cu asumptiile mai aplicate din realismul ofensiv formulate de John J. Mearsheimer care susþine ca principalul factor motivant pentru state in sistemul international il reprezinta dorinta de putere astfel voi testa asumptia principala a lucrarii conform careia statele sunt persoane supradimensionate.

Thomas Hobbes's theory of war is currently being re-examined as part of a re-examination of realism in international relations theory which claims to be Hobbes-based. I am not alone in maintaining that Hobbes was first and foremost a peace theorist, rejecting the usual grounds for war, pretexts based on just war, infringements on property or trade, and thus trespass. But those who examine the three-fold causes of war that Hobbes gives, as "competition", "diffidence", and "glory", have generally not noticed the relation between Hobbes's theory of war and empire. While Hobbes makes remarkably few references to the colonial ventures of Great Britain, for reasons that we will consider, his theory of empire, like his theory of war, is based on classical notions of internal balance and the homeostasis of the body politic along Aristotelian lines. His treatment of the polity as a natural body is consistent with his materialist ontology and he treats war and empire in terms of both "intestine diseases" and pathologies that afflict the body politic from without. The upshot is a theory remarkably backward-looking in terms of its emphasis on the health of the body politic and the politics of balance, which forbid "vain-glorious wars" and demand that overly-powerful subjects, towns of "immoderate greatness" and grandiose enlargements of dominion be excised, like Aristotle's "big foot" whose disproportion spoils the proportion of the body as a whole.

Although women protagonists in male-authored Spanish comedias were cast in pivotal roles, they remained as objects for which the male protagonists competed and contended. It has not been until recently that women playwrights have been studied by feminist critics, who have shed light on the reestablishment of the relational union of men and women. Nonetheless, while these female-authored comedias counter male authority, they often seemed to act out the part of the patriarchy. My analysis of Leonor de la Cueva's La firmeza en la ausencia intends to measure the impact of women's destabilizing force as it is introduced and asserted in the play. Through the female protagonist's constancy, Cueva's play counters the political authority as it is represented by the male protagonists—her king, her lover, and her lover's friend. Moreover, in its geopolitical proximity to Cueva's own time, the play acts out its realism, inverting the male-authored comedia's motifs of honor, homosocial bonding, and mirror of princes. In the end, it is her body that disrupts the political and moral order, acting as both destabilizing factor and catalyst that calls the political body to order, and that is itself mirrored in the body of the text as poetic difference. ; A pesar del rol esencial de las mujeres en la comedia, las protagonistas han permanecido en la sombra, como objetos por los cuales competían y luchaban los hombres. Recientemente, la crítica feminista ha estudiado a las dramaturgas, iluminando el re-establecimiento en su obra del acercamiento relacional entre hombres y mujeres. Sin embargo, mientras las comedias escritas por mujeres se oponen a la autoridad masculina, parecen actuar de parte del patriarcado. Mi análisis de La firmeza en la ausencia de Leonor de la Cueva pretende medir el impacto de la fuerza desestabilizadora de la mujer tal como se introduce y se desarrolla en la obra. Es a través de la constancia de la protagonista que la obra contrarresta la autoridad política representada por los protagonistas masculinos. Su acercamiento geopolítico a la época histórica de la dramaturga acentúa su realismo, invirtiendo a la vez los temas usuales de los comediantes, como son la honra, la vinculación masculina, y el speculum principis. Al final, el cuerpo de la protagonista desvertebra el orden politico y moral al actuar como factor desestabilizador y el catalizador que re-ordena el cuerpo politico, y que, a su vez, es reflejado en el texto en su diferenciación poética.

The rise of China can be perceived either as a threat or as an opportunity to and for the US, mostly depending on US grand foreign policy interests and its related strategies. If the US feels comfortable living in a multipolar world in which it is considered to be an equal among the major powers, China is more likely to be perceived as a partner. However, if the goal of US foreign policy is to strengthen its position as the sole superpower or even as a hyper-power, and does not choose to recognise other major countries, then the rise of China will be perceived as a threat. Based on this underlying assumption, this article seeks to examine the exact interests of the US: Is it threatened by the rise of China or is it not? This article starts by explaining the grand theories and relating it to the research question. The next explanation examines the economic ties between the two countries. The final consideration is the possibility of military conflict given several recent occurrences, such as the Taiwan and South China Sea (SCS) dispute. This article concludes that the rise of China will threaten the interests of the US. However, it will not necessarily lead to war between them.

Es bien sabido que la poética escritural de Luiz Ruffato consiste en la recuperación del proyecto realista, de su compromiso político y social y de la búsqueda formal de estrategias escriturales que comuniquen la experiencia de su tiempo. Su novela eles eram muitos cavalos es paradigmática de las transformaciones estéticas que buscan responder a las nuevas condiciones de realidad. Sin embargo, en sus últimos textos el autor pareciera dar un vuelco a la experimentación formal que caracterizaba a los textos que le dieron renombre. En las tres novelas analizadas en este artículo el autor asegura transcribir relatos de individuos reales, donde solo participaría como editor; de este modo se aleja del relato fragmentario que explora la potencia significante del lenguaje y construye una narración simple y oralizada. La propuesta de este artículo es enmarcar estos textos dentro de la problemática de los realismos actuales, discutiendo su lugar dentro del proyecto ruffatiano, y planteando como hipótesis el lugar central del esfuerzo de reconstitución de un sujeto fragmentado e inalcanzable, como gesto estético y político en estas novelas. ; Its known that Luiz Ruffato.s purpose in his writing is the renewal of the classical realist project, including its political and social undertaking and formal experimentation that resonates with the experience of reality. They Were Many Horses is by now a critical model of the aesthetic explorations that reflect on the new conditions of contemporary reality. However, in his lastest words the author seems to have shifted away from the formal experimentation that distinguishes his most famous texts. In his latest three novels, the author claims only to transcribe, as an editor, the speech of real individuals. In so doing, he is he takes a step back from his fragmentary narratives that explore the the significance of language, to elaborate simple and oral-like narratives. The aim of this article is to frame these novels within questions of "new" realisms, discussing how they participate in the author's project, and postulating that the reconstruction of a fragmented and ultimately unattainable subject is the main politic and aesthetic proposition of these novels. ; A poética escritural de Luiz Ruffato, é sabido, consiste na recuperação do projeto realista, do seu compromisso político e social, e da experimentação formal de estratégias da escrita que ecoem a experiência de realidade. Seu romance eles eram muitos cavalos resulta hoje paradigmático destas mutações estéticas que procuram dar resposta às novas condições de realidade. No entanto, nos seus últimos textos o escritor parece ter dado um giro na experimentação formal que distinguia os textos que deram-lhe renome. Nos três romances analisados neste artigo o autor assegura simplesmente transcrever relatos de indivíduos reais, participando unicamente como editor; assim, se afasta da narrativa fragmentaria que explora a força significante da linguagem e constrói um relato simples e oralizado. A proposta deste artigo é enquadrar estas narrativas dentro da problemática dos realismos atuais, problematizando o seu lugar dentro do projeto ruffatiano e propondo a hipótese do lugar central que tem a reconstituição do sujeito fragmentado e intangível como gesto estético e político nestes romances.

It's known that Luiz Ruffato's purpose in his writing is the renewal of the classical realist project, including its political and social undertaking and formal experimentation that resonates with the experience of reality. They Were Many Horses is by now a critical model of the aesthetic explorations that reflect on the new conditions of contemporary reality. However, in his lastest words the author seems to have shifted away from the formal experimentation that distinguishes his most famous texts. In his latest three novels, the author claims only to transcribe, as an editor, the speech of real individuals. In so doing, he is he takes a step back from his fragmentary narratives that explore the the significance of language, to elaborate simple and oral-like narratives. The aim of this article is to frame these novels within questions of "new" realisms, discussing how they participate in the author's project, and postulating that the reconstruction of a fragmented and ultimately unattainable subject is the main politic and aesthetic proposition of these novels. ; Es bien sabido que la poética escritural de Luiz Ruffato consiste en la recuperación del proyecto realista, de su compromiso político y social y de la búsqueda formal de estrategias escriturales que comuniquen la experiencia de su tiempo. Su novela eles eram muitos cavalos es paradigmática de las transformaciones estéticas que buscan responder a las nuevas condiciones de realidad. Sin embargo, en sus últimos textos el autor pareciera dar un vuelco a la experimentación formal que caracterizaba a los textos que le dieron renombre. En las tres novelas analizadas en este artículo el autor asegura transcribir relatos de individuos reales, donde solo participaría como editor; de este modo se aleja del relato fragmentario que explora la potencia significante del lenguaje y construye una narración simple y oralizada. La propuesta de este artículo es enmarcar estos textos dentro de la problemática de los realismos actuales, discutiendo su lugar dentro del proyecto ruffatiano, y planteando como hipótesis el lugar central del esfuerzo de reconstitución de un sujeto fragmentado e inalcanzable, como gesto estético y político en estas novelas. ; A poética escritural de Luiz Ruffato, é sabido, consiste na recuperação do projeto realista, do seu compromisso político e social, e da experimentação formal de estratégias da escrita que ecoem a experiência de realidade. Seu romance eles eram muitos cavalos resulta hoje paradigmático destas mutações estéticas que procuram dar resposta às novas condições de realidade. No entanto, nos seus últimos textos o escritor parece ter dado um giro na experimentação formal que distinguia os textos que deram-lhe renome. Nos três romances analisados neste artigo o autor assegura simplesmente transcrever relatos de indivíduos reais, participando unicamente como editor; assim, se afasta da narrativa fragmentaria que explora a força significante da linguagem e constrói um relato simples e oralizado. A proposta deste artigo é enquadrar estas narrativas dentro da problemática dos realismos atuais, problematizando o seu lugar dentro do projeto ruffatiano e propondo a hipótese do lugar central que tem a reconstituição do sujeito fragmentado e intangível como gesto estético e político nestes romances.

Revolution happening in a country often impact on the country's foreign political change. However, the revolution that occurred in Egypt in 2011, followed by the election of Mohammed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood as the first civilian president of Egypt, it did not change the foreign policy of Egypt, particularly against the United States. In that sense, Egypt is still continuing good relations with the United States as in the reign of Hosni Mubarak. This research aims to explain the factors that affect no change in Egypt's foreign policy towards the United States after the revolution of 2011, especially in the era of Mohammad Mursi. In this study, the authors use the neoclassical realism theory which states that the foreign policy adopted by a country is the result of domestic political dynamics that are influenced by international structures. By using literature data collection, this study resulted in the finding that no change in the foreign policy of Egypt during the reign of Mohammad Mursi against the United States is affected by international structures which then impact on Egypt's position which acts as a buffer state of peace in the Middle East.This in turn affects the occurrence of domestic political dynamics that make Mursi Egypt decided not to change Egypt's foreign policy toward the United States.