Suchergebnisse

The five papers which follow were prepared during the summer of 1951 by the Social Science Research Council's Interuniversity Summer Seminar on Political Behavior. The seminar, which met at the University of Chicago, was attended by seven persons, who accept joint responsibility for the papers: Samuel J. Eldersveld, University of Michigan; Alexander Heard, University of North Carolina; Samuel P. Huntington, Harvard University; Morris Janowitz, University of Michigan; Avery Leiserson, Vanderbilt University; Dayton D. McKean, University of Colorado; and David B. Truman, Columbia University. Ralph M. Goldman met with the seminar as an associate, and later Elizabeth Wirth Marvick assisted in preparing some of the materials.The papers, one product of the seminar's work, were written to define and illustrate what the participants feel to be a significant contemporary development in political research. The first paper, "The Implications of Research in Political Behavior," outlines some of the requirements, characteristics, and implications of political behavior research. It is followed by plans for three research projects, "Party and Administrative Responsibility: Council-Manager Government," "Political Participation in a Metropolitan District: A Study of Group Influence on Political Activity," and "The Roles of Congressional Leaders: National Party vs. Constituency," drawn up in accordance with these specifications.

This paper studies, theoretically and empirically, the role of overconfidence in political behavior. Our model of overconfidence in beliefs predicts that overconfidence leads to ideological extremeness, increased voter turnout, and stronger partisan identification. The model also makes nuanced predictions about the patterns of ideology in society. These predictions are tested using unique data that measure the overconfidence and standard political characteristics of a nationwide sample of over 3,000 adults. Our numerous predictions find strong support in these data. In particular, we document that overconfidence is a substantively and statistically important predictor of ideological extremeness, voter turnout, and partisan identification. (JEL C83, D03, D72, D83)

"Personality and Political Behavior" published on by Oxford University Press.

"Gender and Political Behavior" published on by Oxford University Press.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Toward a Theory of Urban Political Behavior -- 3. The Site of the Study -- 4. Ghetto-Specific Behaviors in Black and White -- 5. Neighborhood Poverty and Social Isolation in Inner-City America -- 6. Neighborhood Poverty and Political Participation -- 7. Does Family Context Matter? -- 8. The Impact of Neighborhoods, Families and Social Isolation on Political Behavior -- 9. National Urban Policy and Political Behavior in Inner-City Communities -- Appendix A: Questionnaire -- Appendix B: Methodological Appendix -- Bibliography -- Index

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- I: Introduction -- 1. A Theory of Political Alienation -- II: On the Limitations of Traditional Approaches to the Study of Political Alienation -- Introduction -- Contexts and Methods of Research: Notes on the Data Chapters of this book -- 2. Socio-Cultural and Political Alienation -- 3. Social Background Factors and Political Alienation -- III: On the Psycho-Political Process of Alienation -- 4. The Process of Political Alienation -- 5. Psycho-Political Correlates of Political Alienation In Four Urban Communities -- 6. On the Causes and Expression of Political Alienation among American University Students -- 7. Political Alienation among Political Scientists and Sociologists -- IV: On the Consequences of Political Alienation -- 8. The Consequences of Alienation: A Theory of Alienated Political Behavior -- 9. Alienation and the Adoption of Basic Political Orientations in a University Community -- 10. Alienation and the Adoption of Basic Political Orientations in Black Communities -- 11. Alienation and Communications Behavior -- 12. From Political Alienation to Revolutionary Support -- 13. Get Involved! and Get Alienated? Political Involvement and Political Alienation in Urban Communities -- V: Conclusion -- 14. From the Lonely Crowd to the Strident Society -- Notes -- Methods Appendix -- Index

How does the social environment in which people are embedded impact their political behavior and attitudes? This dissertation provides substantive and methodological advances in answering this key question in political science research. Chapter 1 analyzes a get-out-the-vote field experiment involving more than 61 million individuals. The results show that the messages influenced political self-expression, information seeking, and real world voting behavior of millions of people. The effect of social information versus non-social information differed by characteristics of the treated individual such as age, education, relationship status, and the number of social contacts the individual has. These results suggest that while social information increases participation for overall, it is especially effective for subsets of the population. Chapter 2 analyzes the effect of one individual's turnout on that of her social contacts. Results indicate that when a friend votes an individual is about 7% more likely to vote. Chapter 3 develops a statistical model to estimate the ideology of politicians and their supporters using Facebook data about which users publicly support which political figures by 'liking' them on the site. Then, using this measure, I study the topography of ideology across a social network of more than 6 million people, and show that those individuals who are embedded in diverse ideological networks are less likely to turnout to vote than those in homogeneous social networks