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Секция 6. Национальные формы литературы в межкультурном взаимодействии ; В статье рассматривается рецепция топосов гностицизма в культуре рубежа ХІХ-ХХ веков, в частности - в воззрениях и художественных произведениях поэта Стефана Георге и сформировавшейся вокруг него плеяды поэтов и мыслителей, известной как «круг Георге». Автор устанавливает соответствие между основополагающими идеями политической теологии «круга» и гностическими топосами, утвердившимися в немецкой культуре на протяжении ее развития. ; The article discusses the reception of toposes of Gnosticism in the culture of the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, in particular in the views and artistic practices of Stefan George and the galaxy of poets and thinkers formed around him and known as the "George Circle". The author establishes a correspondence between the fundamental ideas of the political theology of the "circle" and the Gnostic toposes that had become established in German culture throughout its development.

For more than 2,000 years utopian visionaries have sought to create a blueprint of the ideal society?from Plato to H. G. Wells, from Cloudcuckooland to Shangri-La. The utopian impulse has generated a vast body of work, encompassing philosophy and political theory, classical literature, and science fiction; yet these utopian dreams have often turned to nightmare, as utopia gives way to its dark reflection, dystopia. Taking the reader on a journey through these imaginary worlds, this work charts the progress of utopian ideas from their origins within the classical world to the rebirth

In Jefferson's Political Philosophy and the Metaphysics of Utopia, M. Andrew Holowchak traces the development of Jeffersonian republicanism as a political philosophy, though it is today seldom seen as a political philosophy, by examining the documents he wrote (e.g., Declaration, First Inaugural Address, and significant letters) and key literature he read. That political philosophy, fundamentally progressive and people-first, was driven by a vision of an "empire of liberty"—a global confederation of republican nations in moral and political partnership and peaceful coexistence—and was to take root in North America. Jefferson's vision influenced his domestic and foreign policies as president and the numerous letters he wrote after his presidency, but never took root there, or anywhere. Was that due to a defect of vision—a view of humans' capacities and goodness at odds with reality—or were historical forces at play which were antagonistic to the rooting and suckering of Jeffersonian republicanism?

The article begins with a discussion of some Christian & secular ideas about utopia. It shows that after the Enlightenment, it became difficult to conceptualize true utopias, while postmodernism has been preoccupied with dystopian visions of the future. The ambiguous nature of utopianism is reflected particularly in science fiction, which powerfully reflects contemporary aspirations & anxieties, & this ambiguity is here explored with special reference to the work of the novelist Ursula Le Guin. 7 References. Adapted from the source document.

Im Anschluss an John Rawls entwickelt der Autor eine praktisch-politisch relevante und kritische Konzeption idealer Theorie. Dies erfolgt auf der Grundlage einer Auseinandersetzung mit der Kritik an idealer Theorie durch Autoren wie Amartya Sen und Raymond Geuss. Als Antwort auf Sen wird eine Konzeption von Machbarkeitsrestriktionen für ideale Theorie entwickelt, insbesondere für die Konstruktion idealer institutioneller Gesellschaftsentwürfe. Als Antwort auf Geuss werden konstruktivistische Ansätze zur Konstruktion normativer Theorien diskutiert und für eine Konzeption idealtheoretischen Denkens argumentiert, die eine kritische Perspektive auf den Status Quo erlaubt.

This extraordinary treatise on the values of rationality and reason - here presented in a sparkling new translation by Roger Clarke and accompanied by copious notes and additional texts - questions what a philosopher can do to enact change in society, and how idealized visions can inform political practice