The paper is devoted to the interaction between science and religion in the theory of famous british philosopher of science Michael Polanyi. There is an analysis of relations between scientific and religious beliefs. According to Polanyi the religious cult provides a man with euristic vision of reality. Polanyi had a great impact into "untraditional" conception of truth.
This article reviews the ideas and motives of modern terrorism, discloses the concept of destructive human behavior, the analysis of the socio-cultural situation at the beginning of the XXI century and revealed disturbing factors intensify nationalist and religious terrorism as the most dangerous form of terrorism.
On the basis of the work of S. Kierkegaard «Exercises in Christianity» and V.S. Solovyov's «Readings on God-manhood» the article presents a comparative analysis of the positions of the authors as religious thinkers, formed in line with the problem of limiting the claims of the mind, which in earlier philosophy had become the only and comprehensive explanatory principle. The article outlines the common ground of their positions, which is a criticism of the official religion and the formalism of state churches. It notes that the innovative and original religious philosophies of Kierkegaard and Solovyov have a common mission – the revival of Christianity degenerated into a public religion, but at the same time they differ in character and structure. It concludes that Kierkegaard and Solovyov, critically reinterpreting the Christian religion that is contemporary to them, offer their religious philosophy as a way out of the crises of their time.
В статье рассматриваются вопросы религии в современном мире, анализируется ее культурная и социальная значимость. Религия рассматривается как важнейший носитель общечеловеческой культурной ценности, как неотъемлемая часть культуры, выполняющая человекотворческую и культуросозидательную роль. Отмечается взаимосвязь религиозной и светской культур, объединяющих ценности культуры как таковой. The article analyzes religion as a socio-cultural phenomenon, i.e. as a spiritual, social and cultural phenomenon. Religion is considered as the most important carrier of universal cultural value, as an integral part of culture, performing a human-making and culture-creating role. The interpenetrating nature of religion and culture is noted.
At the present stage of development of the Russian Federation, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the ideological bonds of the people disappeared. In these conditions, the "well-wishers" of various stripes are persistently trying to fi ll the resulting vacuum. The people themselves and their leadership are also in search of a national idea that can unite all Russians into a single nation. One of the options for a possible new national idea, according to some scientists, is the so-called "civil religion". Is it suitable for the Russian society?
This paper aims at reflecting on Vl. Solovyev's Three Conversations as a philosophical and religious fable. The stress is put on studying each of the protagonists: the Lady, the General, the Politician, Mr. Z, the Prince, as well as the Antichrist and the heads of the three main Christian denominations: the pope, the starets John and prof. Pauli. Each of them is presented both as a real type with his own idiosyncrasies (which is very important) and as an illustration of the truths and deficiencies of his time and milieu, keeping in mind the idea (so dear to Solovyev) that the people who actually promote and contribute to the good can only be those who have maintained a sense of humour and are the bearers of an honest, simple and authentic cultural and spiritual tradition, even if it is incomplete. The Antichrist seduces people by encouraging muddle-headedness, libido dominandi, intellectual pride and the taste for the sublime. Through those means he conquers, before being ultimately defeated by his own nothingness.
The article reveals the essence of the problem of the origin of man from the point of view of science and religion. We consider a variety of theories to explain the religious idea of the creation of man by God, the philosophical concepts that attempt to rationally, without the help of God, the absolute mind or alien, to explain the origin of man.
In: Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta: naučno-teoretičeskij žurnal = Science journal of Volgograd State University. Serija 4, Istorija, regionovedenie, meždunarodnye otnošenija = History. Area studies. International relations, Band 36, Heft 6, S. 63-70
The article studies the basic and complicated evolution of different approaches for investigating Russian post-Soviet Islamic transformation. The authors describe the logic and dynamic of scrutinizing such kind of problems as Islamic consciousness and Muslim institutes, relationships between Islam and ethnic political develoments, forms and manifestations of Islamic fundamentalism. In an effort to identify and assess the signs of post-Soviet Islamic revival, the Russian academic community has obviously been driven to despair. Especially since the tragedy of 9/11/2001 as a source of studying Islam as an evasive object. The main goal of this paper is the methodological innovation which consists in multilayered approach. The authors argue that changes of parameters and structure of post-Soviet policy is reflected in the change of format and unities of analysis. The paper examines the character of academic discussion about different understanding of such political phenomena as politization of Islam as well as bordering Islam in terms of multi-level methodology. This methodology could be able to clarify very complicated Islamic features: socio-territorial organization, communication, and the reproduction channels. It alone will help us explain changing Islam as a social and political enigma. In this paper the authors have correctly identified the phenomenon of Muslim regionalization as a situation under which the Islamic leaders concentrate on religious development at the local level. It is not the authors' aim to discuss the forms of Islamic existence and its religious-teaching component. The authors favor the wider approach typical of political science in which there is a component of Islamic studies. This analysis has demonstrated that the multi-layered approach to Islam, which identifies its viable segments, has a considerable heuristic potential. This approach helps to understand the inner dynamics of the Islamic development as a complex social and political phenomenon. This reconfirms the old truth that the deeper the analysis goes into the past the more integral an image of reality it acquires. (author's abstract)
In: Mir nauki: sociologija, filologija, kul'turologija : naučnyj žurnal otkrytogo dostupa = World of science : sociology, philology, cultural studies, Band 13, Heft 3
The article discusses the interest of young people in Eastern religions, non-traditional and esoteric teachings, considered in a comparative analysis to what extent the worldview position of young people with non-traditional religiosity can influence the direction of their social orientations and attitude to the world around them. The focus of the article is youth (Muscovites and visitors). Youth as a social group, due to their age characteristics, is the most susceptible to the influence of non-traditional practices and religions, therefore, of particular interest is the study of the influence of non-traditional views on the consciousness of this particular age group. In the context of increasing migration flows to the metropolis (migrants from neighboring countries and migrants from other regions of the Russian Federation), young people among visitors cannot be ignored.
To understand the depth of transformations in all spheres of society generated by migration, new terminology is needed. The notion of "postmigrant societies" implies that the distinction between local and migrant population loses its relevance in certain social spheres. According to the familiar epistemological framework, societies are presented as consisting of "local population" on the one hand, and "migrant population" on the other. This understanding, however, is becoming obsolete. First, it does not reflect the fact that the phenomenon of spatial mobility is embedded in the social structure. A significant part of the so-called local population is itself included in migration processes. People who are considered to be part of the "autochthonous population" are in fact migrants themselves due to different circumstances (contract work, long-term stay in another country due to studies, involvement in joint business projects, participation in international scientific teams, availability of real estate abroad, etc.). At the same time, those people who are regarded as "migrants" by common sense can be well integrated into the social institutions of their new homeland. Second, the traditional epistemological framework does not reflect contemporary demographic trends. It is unable to capture two points: (a) population rotation within the framework of circular/pendulum migration; (b) qualitative change in the urban population of industrialized countries.
В статье рассматриваются особенности поиска нового мышления в условиях транзита политической науки от гуманитарного к естественнонаучному типу мыслительной деятельности. Автор исследует опыт взаимовлияния гражданина и политики в контексте развития информационного общества, цифровой трансформации, укрепления доверия. The article discusses the features of the search for new thinking in the conditions of the transit of political science from the humanitarian to the natural science type of activity. The author explores the experience of the mutual influence of the citizen and politics in the context of the development of the information society, digital transformation
В статье анализируется роль и влияние идеологических концепций на формирование и развитие системы международных отношений. Автором проводится комплексная оценка идеологического противостояния государств в течение 20 века, особое внимание уделяется борьбе различных идеологий в ходе Второй мировой и Холодной войн. Подробно рассматривается роль идеологии в мировой политике на современном этапе. Сделан вывод об угрозах со стороны коллективного Запада миру в целом, и большинству других стран, в том числе и России, которые реализуют многополярный, многовекторный внешнеполитический курс: строить систему международных отношений, основанную на равенстве, взаимном уважении, учёте интересов всех участников этих отношений. The article analyzes the role and influence of ideological concepts on the formation and development of the system of international relations. The author makes a comprehensive assessment of the ideological confrontation of states during the 20th century; special attention spent to the struggle of various ideologies during the Second World War and the Cold War. The influence of ideology on various aspects of international cooperation at the present stage is considered in detail. The conclusion is made about the threats from the collective West to the world as a whole, and to most other countries, including Russia, which are implementing a multipolar, multi-vector foreign policy course: to build a system of international relations based on equality, mutual respect, and taking into account the interests of all participants in these relations.
Some of the most significant consequences of transnational immigration is growing religious diversity and finding a way to manage it. This article considers the concept of pluralism, the differences in religious pluralism between America and Western Europe occurring due to immigration, as well as the roles and possibilities of immigrant religions in the process of adapting to the host society. The history of immigration, models of immigrant incorporation and adaption, patterns of religious pluralism and types of secularism strongly vary in the aforementioned regions. Religion in America is a positive resource and a basis for incorporating immigrants into American society, their recognition in public life, assimilation and construction of an American identity. By contrast, in Western Europe immigrant religions, particularly Islam, are perceived primarily as an obstacle to incorporating immigrants into European societies and their recognition in the public domain. This is explained mainly by the secularist mindset of European people in general, their uncertain "private" religiosity in the context of "Euro-secularity", the European concept of religion's place in the "private domain", as well as types of state-religion relations and institutional patterns of recognition which differ from America.