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Wong, Ho Yin. ; Thesis submitted in: October 2008. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 265-275). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.ii ; 緒論 --- p.iii ; Acknowledgement --- p.iv ; Abbreviations --- p.ix ; List of Tables --- p.ix ; Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introductory Chapter --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- The Two Research Questions --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Significance of Studying the DPJ --- p.6 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Dissertation Framework --- p.7 ; Chapter 1.5 --- Chapter Conclusion --- p.12 ; Chapter Chapter 2: --- Background of Japanese Politics --- p.14 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Opposition Failure in Japan --- p.15 ; Chapter 2.2 --- External Constraints Faced by Opposition Parties --- p.17 ; Chapter 2.2.1 --- Electoral System --- p.17 ; Chapter 2.2.2 --- Electoral Campaign Law --- p.21 ; Chapter 2.2.3 --- Clientelism and Centralized Government Financial Structure --- p.22 ; Chapter 2.2.4 --- Party Organization of the LDP --- p.23 ; Chapter 2.2.5 --- Voting Behavior --- p.27 ; Chapter 2.2.6 --- Press Club System --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.2.7 --- Conclusion --- p.31 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Opposition Fragmentation in Japanese Politics --- p.32 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- Opposition Fragmentation under the 55´ة System --- p.32 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- Opposition Cooperation and the Break Down of the 55´ة System --- p.37 ; Chapter 2.3.3 --- The New Party System and Opposition Coalition Failure --- p.39 ; Chapter 2.3.4 --- The NFP Internal Fragmentation --- p.43 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Opposition Failure and the DPJ --- p.48 ; Chapter 2.4.1 --- The Emergence of the DPJ --- p.49 ; Chapter 2.4.2 --- The Expansion of the DPJ --- p.52 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Chapter Conclusion --- p.54 ; Chapter Chapter 3: --- Theory and Methodology --- p.57 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Party System --- p.58 ; Chapter 3.1.1 --- Four Attributes of a Party System --- p.58 ; Chapter 3.1.1.1 --- Number of Parties --- p.59 ; Chapter 3.1.1.2 --- Relative Strength and Size --- ...

Tsui, Sing Yan Eric. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-145). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter 1. --- Concern on State-Business Relations ; Introduction: Political Debates on State-Business Relations ; Theorietical Debates on State-Business Relations ; Cipher State Models ; Guardian State Models ; Partisan State Models ; Theories on Hong Kong´ةs Situation ; Synarchy and Administrative Absorption ; Boundary Politics and Bureaucratic Politics ; Overview ; Chapter Chapter 2. --- Power and Network ; The Problem of Power ; Dahl and his Critics ; Power and Networks ; "Power, Brokerage and Closure" ; Centrality and Power ; Lessons from Social Capital Studies ; Brokerage and Closure as Indicators of Power ; Conclusions ; Chapter Chapter 3. --- Methodology and Research Design ; Concepts of the Study ; Data Collection and Research Design ; Executive Council as Decision Making Network ; Measuring Social Linkages ; "Measuring Brokerage, Closure and Power" ; Assessing the Business Community ; Comparing State and Business Power ; Chapter Chapter 4. --- Research Findings ; The Network of Executive Councilors ; The Network of HSIC firms ; HSIC firms´ةs representative in Executive Council ; Comparing the Power of the State and Prominent Business ; Summary of Findings ; Chapter Chapter 5. --- State-Business Relations from 1982 to 1988: On the Edge of Transformations ; Findings in the Period ; Events in the Period ; The Problem of Political Future ; Beijing-Business Relations ; Localization of the Business Community ; Impacts of the Events ; Impacts from the role of Sovereigns ; Impacts from Localization of the Business Sector ; Summary ; Chapter Chapter 6. --- State-Business Relations from 1989 to 1996: Transition and Transformations ; Findings in the Period ; Events in the Period ; Changes in British Policy ; The Strengthening of Beijing-Business Alliance ; Impacts of the Events ; The Pushing Effect of London´ةs Policies ; The Pulling ...

为什么1946?为什么1981?黄进发深度探讨马来西亚的政治历程,重新竖立官方论述以外的历史座标。这个国家走过半世纪,族群政治悬而未决,近十年的宗教政治愈渐明显。黄进发提醒我们,在2018这个位置,可以看见十年前的2008政治海啸,但而今的社会运动逐渐式微。"到今天,大部分国人仍没有意识到赢者全拿的政治体制是我们这分裂社会的计时炸弹。"5.13暴乱的导火线,真的是因为非马来人引起政治海啸?1969年的秘密竟然和"领先者当选"(First-Past- The-Post,FPTP)选举制度有关。而1981年温和的东姑为何在大选中失势,其中隐藏了什么讯息?这一则历史讯息,将是提供马来西亚政党领袖,乃至于一般群众的一个出路。我们选择民主,也憎恨巫统挑动种族宗教情所达成的危险的平衡。民主不能一蹴而就,马来西亚人困在族群与宗教政治泥沼中的共业,也不可能在第14届大选中结束。"这不会是最后一战,却是关键的岔路:我们投不投票,可以决定国家是否继续误入歧途,还是慢慢找到出路。"