Suchergebnisse

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη στα ελληνικά. ; Photini Danou, The words of the voiceless Did ordinary men and women in pre-modern England have an opinion about politics? What was "politics" for the common people at a time when they had not any say in choosing who would rule them? Was popular engagement in state politics only to secure subsistence? Were "knife and fork" politics of the masses so separate from issues of "high politics" of the State? Was pre-modern commoners' mentality, "pre-political" as well? This paper discusses early modern popular political awareness. I argue that commoners in Tudor England pursued their own political agenda, by exploiting the sovereign's self-image as the "protector of the poor". However, as I set out to show, in pursuing their political agenda commoners also raised issues on the content of Englishness, common good, patriotism, legitimate governance and the right of resistance. The political identity of the lower strata was not an entity fixed in its essence. On the contrary, plebeian political identity was rather shifting, changeable, and always constituting its content in particular historical contexts. The commoners' commitment to the ideal of the"nation", their loyalty to the government, their allegiance to their Queen, their obedience to her laws, or their active participation in the enforcement of state policies were not unconditional. The ways they practiced their political identity was interrelated to their superiors' behavior and draw its legitimacy from the public transcript of the English Common wealth. Common prosperity, reciprocity, solidarity and, in general, protection of the poorer and weaker members of English society were ideals that constituted the meaning of "common wealth" in the plebeian mind. Those ideals were prerequisites for their giving of devotion and loyalty to the state. Thus, the commoners' political mentality and behavior ranged from national loyalty to indifference or even animosity to state officials; from cooperation and acquiescence to covered or overt forms of opposition and active resistance.

Nicolaus Hieronymus Gundling* ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Augsburg, Staats- und Stadtbibliothek -- 4 Stw 633

Nicolaus Hieronymus Gundling* ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek -- J.p.q.7

eingel. und zsgest. von Hans Patze ; Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. lat. ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- Z 67.358,I-10/13

Isabella Lazzarini ; Mantua (Lombardy). - Federico I Gonzaga (1441- 1484), Marquis of Mantua. - Incl. documents in Latin (p. 127-237). - Bibl., notes ; Die "documenti" sind lediglich Bestandteil der Online-Ausgabe.

Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- J.germ. 64 q

Δεν παρατίθεται περίληψη στα ελληνικά. ; Eleni Fournaraki, «Wherefore deprive her of the vote?». Universal male suffrage and the exclusion of women from politics in 19th century Greece Through study of the Greek case, this article tries to explore the exclusion of women from political rights in the context of liberal democracy as a historiographical problem. In contrast to the vast majority of representative states at the time, political circumstances prevailing in Greece led to the constitutional establishment of universal male suffrage in 1864, though not without provoking the discontent of a sizeable portion of the political scene for several years thereafter. According to «conventional» historical accounts, there can be no doubt that women's exclusion from «universal suffrage» in 1864, while not explicity articulated in the Constitution or any pertinent legislation, was regarded as self-evident. Furthermore, prior to 1910-20 the possibility of attributing the vote to women did not preoccupy party politics, while a suffragist movement did not appear before the Inter-war period. Our own approach can be summarized as follows: exploration of the meaning of women's exclusion from political rights in a democratic conjuncture that assured those rights to all adult men may reveal the full dimensions of the conflict dynamic that democratic conquests presuppose. In the first place, this dynamic applies to men themselves, or more precisely to the less privileged among them. As empirical data reveal, the question of women's political rights, even if acquiring those rights was not an existing possibility, could appear as a constructive element of the political discourse: women's exclusion could have been put forward as one of the issues in the argument against universal male suffrage. It is precisely the self-evident and trivial nature of this exclusion together with that of children which could offer a more convincing argument against the conception of suffrage as a natural right. A lack of internal coherence and consistency in the argument of the advocates of «universal suffrage», could be pointed out through the emphasis, conversely, on the irrationality of a regime that guaranteed political participation down to the very last «illiterate» or «vagrant» man, while depriving all women of the vote, especially those who had the ability to possess and administrate property. Support for suffrage for those women was not totally absent from such argumentation, which served to reveal the contradictions that women's exclusion from political rights brought to the heart of the modern system for the legitimization of sovereignty. Through examination of the arguments employed by the science of constitutional law to justify exclusion, we observe a broader process of redefinition and rationalization of the existing gender hierarchy, in modern terms. Crystallized in the last quarter of 19th century, this process appealed to the notion of the biological and psychological «specificity» of «female nature)) in order to legitimize the incompatibility of women as a whole with politics.

Eingeleitet und zusammengestellt von Hans Martin Schaller ; Text lateinisch ; Literaturverzeichnis Seite 76-[77] ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Augsburg, Universitätsbibliothek -- 01/NM 1100 H673-1

eingel. und hrsg. von Ilja Mieck ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- Z 67.358,II-6/9

Hinkmar von Reims. Hrsg. und übers. von Thomas Gross und Rudolf Schieffer ; Text lat. und dt. ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bibliothek der Monumenta Germaniae Historica -- C 161 b(3

Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Regensburg, Staatliche Bibliothek -- 999/4Hist.pol.479

Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Regensburg, Staatliche Bibliothek -- 999/4Hist.pol.479b

Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Regensburg, Staatliche Bibliothek -- 999/4Hist.pol.479a

Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Regensburg, Staatliche Bibliothek -- 999/Caps.121(10

Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: Regensburg, Staatliche Bibliothek -- 999/A.Diss.6902