Suchergebnisse

Naseljenost nekog područja rezultat je različitih utjecaja, odnosno obilježja (prirodno-geografskih i društveno-gospodarskih). U ovom radu koristi se deskriptivna metoda istraživanja, da bi se što bolje objasnili i prikazali ti utjecaji. Od prirodno-geografskih obilježja u radu se analiziralo oblik otoka, udaljenost naselja od obale, učestalost vjetra i reljef, a od društveno-geografskih promatrani su prometna povezanost i turizam. S obzirom na činjenicu da je turizam najvažnija gospodarska grana na otoku Krku, u radu se provodi korelacijska analiza promatranih demografskih varijabli i varijabli vezanih za turizam otoka Krka u razdoblju od 1971. do 2011. godine. Korelacijska analiza provedena je određivanjem Spearmanovog koeficijenta korelacije ranga, sadržanog u programu SPSS, na temelju podataka svih sedam jedinica lokalne samouprave na otoku Krku. Kartografski prikazi u ovom radu izrađeni su korištenjem programa ArcGIS. U radu je utvrđeno da prirodno-geografska obilježja, koja su odlučujuća u osnivanju, odnosno razmještaju naselja, nisu jedini čimbenik u njihovu razvoju. Na razvoj i promjene naseljenosti otoka Krka velik utjecaj imali su razvoj industrije, prometa i turizma. Uvođenjem trajektnih linija i, naročito, izgradnjom mosta, prethodno izolirani otok postao je dobro povezan s kopnenim zaleđem i obližnjim otocima. Prometna povezanost glavni je preduvjet pojave i razvoja turizma. Turizam je trenutno jedan od najvažnijih razloga doseljavanja stanovništva na otok, te razlog premještanja stanovništva na (položene) obalne dijelove. Rezultati korelacijske analize pokazali su povezanost svih promatranih varijabli. ; A region's population is the result of various influences or characteristics (such as natural or geographical, as well as socio-economic). In this paper, a descriptive method is used to explain these influences in more detail. In the natural and geographical category, the following features were analysed: the shape of the island, distance of the settlement from the shore, frequency of wind, and terrain. In the socio-economic category, the availability of traffic routes and tourism were studied. Considering that tourism is the most important branch of economy on the island of Krk, a correlation analysis was conducted as part of this paper. This was done by observing the demographic variables, as well as the variables related to tourism on Krk in the period between 1971 and 2011. The correlation analysis was done by determining the Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient, which is included in the SPSS software, based on data from all seven local government units on the island of Krk. Cartographic representations in this paper were created with the help of ArcGIS software. In the paper, it was established that natural and geographical characteristics, which are key when forming settlements and the layout thereof, are not the only contributing factor in their development. The development and population changes on the island of Krk were heavily influenced by the development of industry, traffic and tourism. By improving ferry lines and connections, and especially by building the Krk bridge, a previously isolated island became very well-connected with the mainland and inland, as well as the surrounding islands. A good traffic connection is the prerequisite for the development and expansion of tourism. Currently, tourism is one of the main reasons for the increase of migration toward the island, as well as the reason for the resettlement of the local population to the (flat) coastal areas. The results of the correlation analysis show that all of the observed variables are connected.

In the first part of the paper the author makes observations about the demographic processes and ageing of the population. In the second part some basic data about ageing that determines prolongation of life cycle are presented on one hand, and the decreased rates of demographic reproduction on the other. The second part of the paper outlines the projections about the ageing of the population in Croatia and Europe in the following decades. In the third part of the paper public policies focused on overcoming and mitigating consequences of the population ageing are discussed. These include the concept of active ageing, reforms in pension and health systems and the system of the care for the elderly. Finally, the author reflects on some aspects of the future intergenerational contract that should be based on the paradigm adjusted with the changes of circumstances in which people live nowadays. ; U prvom dijelu rada autor iznosi zapažanja o demografskim procesima i starenju stanovništva. U drugom dijelu prezentirani su osnovni podaci o starenju koje determinira produljenje ljudskog vijeka, s jedne, te smanjene stope demografske reprodukcije, s druge strane. U nastavku se iznose projekcije o starenju stanovništva u Hrvatskoj i Europi u narednim desetljećima. U trećem dijelu raspravlja se o javnim politikama usmjerenim na prevladavanje i ublažavanje posljedica starenja stanovništva. Riječ je o konceptu aktivnog starenja, reformama u mirovinskom i zdravstvenom sustavu te sustavu skrbi o starima. Na kraju, autor se osvrće na neke aspekte budućeg međugeneracijskog sporazuma koji se treba temeljiti na paradigmi usklađenoj s promjenama okolnosti u kojima ljudi danas žive.

U članku se razmatra naseljenost te korištenje i zaštita voda poriječja Sane u sjeverozapadnom dijelu Bosne i Hercegovine. Geografske i hidrogeografske karakteristike značajno su se odrazile na naseljenost istraživanog područja. Politika održivog razvoja pretpostavlja da je održivo upravljanje vodama integralni dio planiranja prostora. To svakako obuhvaća korištenje i zaštitu voda u poriječju. Zaključno, članak obuhvaća autorov prijedlog zaštićenih spomenika prirode i zaštićenih pejsaža-krajolika u istraživanom području. ; The paper discusses population, water use and protection in Sana River drainage area, situated in the northwestern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Geographic and hydrogeographic features have a strong influenceon the population of this area. Sustainable development policy presumes that sustainable water management is an integral part of spatial planning. That certainly encompasses water use and protection in the drainage area. Finally, the author expresses his opinion concerning the protected natural monuments and landscapes in the investigated area.

RIJEČ UREDNIŠTVAU Večernjem listu početkom studenog čitali smo tekst Premjera iz njegovog izlaganja na sjednici Rektorskog zbora u sklopu Rasprave o odluci Vlade RH o programskom financiranju javnih Visokih učilišta u Ak. god. 2018-/2019. – 2021/2022. U jednom dijelu teksta on pita i procjenjuje da je akademska zajednica "vidljiva" za oko 0,3 % populacije, što je katastrofalno. Stoga poziva na veći društveni, javni angažman, koji može biti i sto posto kritičan prema Vladi – važno je biti vidljiviji i čuti se u društvu, ali i biti prezentiran od ljudi "s imenom", a ne onih "bezimenih", što je najčešći slučaj. Ako to usporedimo sa šumarskom strukom, nismo daleko od sličnoga postotka "vidljivosti" u društvu, pa bi ovo mogao biti i poziv šumarskoj struci. Ako je ta vidljivost veća, ona je ponajčešće negativnoga predznaka, a struka je zapostavljena. Počesto je struka prezentirana od šumarsko "bezimenih" ljudi ili pak od nedovoljno šumarski educiranih novinara koji teže ponajprije aferama. To se odnosi i na volontere raznih "zelenih udru­ga" koji nisu spremni slušati struku i promijeniti svoje zacementirano mišljenje o šumarskoj struci, unatoč pojašnjenju stručnih zahvata u šumi. Ne poštuje se činjenica da šumarska struka već preko dva i pol stoljeća gospodari šumom po načelima potrajnog gospodarenja, i da ona na velikoj površini zadovoljava sve kriterije posebne zaštite. Tko je onda, ako ne šumari, zaslužan za status i rang zaštitnih područja i od koga to treba čuvati šumu?Na državnoj razini nema argumentirane rasprave o šumarstvu i šumi, o njenoj važnosti, kako o klasično sirovinsko gospodarskoj grani gospodarstva, tako i o njenoj ulozi s ekološko zaštitnog i socijalno zdravstvenog stajališta. Uz već više puta spomenutu činjenicu kako je šumarstvo izbačeno iz naziva resornog ministarstva, unatoč podatku da je 47 % kopnene površine RH pokriveno šumom, što inducira važnost struke, u jednom od napisa u ovoj rubrici kritizirali smo činjenicu da je šumarstvo unutar resornog ministarstva svedeno na razinu primjerice mljekarstva, povrćarstva i sl. Nažalost, sada nije niti na toj razini. Pisali smo o netržišnom gospodarenju glede prodaje drvnih sortimenata, i tako već nažalost uvriježenom terminu o raspodjeli drvnih sortimenata. Raspodjela drvnih sortimenata i tržišno gospodarenje su dva suprotna pojma. No, pitanje je kako tržišno gospodariti kada su prethodna rukovodstva Hrvatskih šuma d.o.o. potpisala višegodišnje ugovore po načelu raspodjele, koje je bez posljedica teško mijenjati. Kako pak pokriti troškove uzgojnih, uređivačkih i zaštitarskih radova iz tako smanjenih prihoda, a ne "preskakati" ih? Glede racionalne uporabe drvne sirovine i njene kvalitete koja u raznim fazama prerade osigurava dodanu vrijednost i zapošljavanje, posebice visoko stručnih kadrova, ne navode se podaci. Npr. u promidžbenom spotu "Ambijente" vidjeli smo uglavnom ojastučeni namještaj bez drvnih elemenata. Kada se drvni sektor hvali proizvodnjom namještaja i izvozom, nigdje ne vidimo podatke o proizvodnji primarne prerade (furnira, masivnog drva, panela i sl.) i njenoj uporabi u domaćoj proizvodnji, regala, ostalog sobnog i kuhinjskog namještaja te kojih i koliko je drvnih sortimenata završilo u domaćoj finalnoj preradi.Zašto smo i pod čijim pritiscima odustali od uspješnog integralnog gospodarenja šumama koje uključuje sporedne i prateće djelatnosti u šumarstvu, koje imaju značajan udio u prihodu primjerice austrijskih šuma, a osiguravaju i veću zaposlenost? Interesantno bi bilo raspraviti, kako su, zašto, kome, na koje vrijeme i po kojoj cijeni dani u koncesiju razni objekti, npr. odmarališta za radnike, koji su se odricali dijela svojih prihoda da bi sagradili i koristili te objekte. Koliko je to promijenilo njihov socijalni status, a skloni smo pričama o brizi za čovjeka i obitelj. O svemu tome i mnogo čemu još nema rasprave, a mi krajem svake godine zaželimo da se u idućoj godini značajnije promijeni status šumarstva. Kako nada umire posljednja, tako mi i na kraju ove godine priželjkujemo pozitivne promjene, čestitajući našim čitateljima Čestit Božić i uspješnu 2019. godinu.Uredništvo ; EDITORIALAt the beginning of November, the Evening Paper (Večernji list) published a speech by the Prime Minister given at a meeting of the Rector's Collegium held to discuss the Government decision related to funding higher education programmes in the academic year 2018/2019 - 2021/2022. In one part of the text the Prime Minister observes that the academic community is "visible" to about 0.3 % of the population, which is devastating. Therefore, he calls for a greater social and public involvement, which can be 100 % critical to the Government. What is important is to be seen and heard by the society, but also to be presented by people "with a name" instead of by "no-name" persons, which is a typical occurrence. If transposed to the forestry profession, we are not far from a similar "visibility" percentage; therefore, this could also be an appeal to the forestry profession. In cases in which visibility is higher, it usually carries a negative prefix, while the profession is in the background. The profession is often presented by "no-name" foresters, or by journalists who are insufficiently educated in forestry matters and who are mainly interested in scandals and affairs. The same goes for volunteers in various "green associations", who are not prepared to listen to the profession and to change their deeply rooted opinions about the forestry profession. In vain are all attempts to inform them about professionally and expertly executed forestry operations. No heed is paid to the fact that the forestry profession has managed forests according to the principle of sustainable management for over two and a half centuries and that it meets all the criteria of special protection over a large area. Who then, if not foresters, should be in charge of the status and rang of protected areas and who should a forest be protected from?There are no reasoned discussions about forestry and forests at the state level, nor is there any mention of its importance as the classical primary sector of economy and of its ecological-protective and social-health role. We have already mentioned several times that the word 'forestry' was omitted from the name of the sector ministry despite the fact that 47 % of the landed area of the Republic of Croatia is covered with forests, which should indicate the importance of the profession. In one of the articles in this column we criticized the fact that within the competent Ministry forestry has been reduced to the level of dairy production, fruit production and similar. Regrettably, it has lost even this status now. We have also written about non-market sale of wood assortments and the already established term "distribution of wood assortments". Distribution of wood assortments and market management are two completely opposite notions. However, how can market management be applied in view of the fact that the previous management boards of Croatian Forests Ltd signed long-term agreements on the principle of distribution, which are hard to change without heavy consequences? How can the cost of silvicultural, management and protective operations be covered from such small profits and not be "skipped over"? As for the rational use of raw material and its quality, which ensures additional value and employment to highly educated people in particular, there is no data. For example, the promotional spot of the "Ambijenta" furniture fair showed mainly upholstered furniture without any wooden elements. When the wood sector brags about the production and export of furniture, there is no data about primary processing production (veneer, massive wood, panelling OPLATA and others) and its use in the domestic production of massive cabinets and other room and kitchen furniture, nor is there any data about which and how many of wood assortments have ended up in the domestic final processing. Why have we and under whose coercion retracted from successful integral forest management which includes auxiliary and secondary activities in forestry and which contributes significantly to the profit of e.g. Austrian forests, as well as increases employment? It would be interesting to discuss how, why, to whom, for what period and at what price have concessions been granted on various facilities, such as, for example, workers' resorts, which workers themselves built from a part of their income so as to be able to use them? We like to talk about the care for workers and their families, but how much has this fact alone changed their social status? There are many more topics to discuss here. Our wish at the end of every year is for the status of forestry to change for the better in the year to come. As hope dies last, we again expect positive changes in the next year and wish our readers Merry Christmas and a Happy and Successful New Year 2019.Editorial Board

Tijekom Domovinskoga rata Petrinja i petrinjsko područje u velikosrpskoj su agresiji razarani, stanovništvo prognano, mnogi su civili i branitelji ubijeni, a navedeno je područje tijekom jeseni 1991. na posljetku i okupirano. Okupacija je trajala do kolovoza 1995., do "Oluje". Uz prikaz konteksta situacije uoči počinjenih zločina, u radu će naglasak biti na slučaju ubojstva četveročlane obitelji Kozbašić u okupiranoj Petrinji. Rad je napisan uglavnom na temelju dokumentacije hrvatskih institucija te institucija pobunjenih Srba, a kao bitna dopuna korišteni su literatura i tisak. Petrinjski ugostitelj i medicinska sestra Milan i Gordana Kozbašić, s dvoje osnovnoškolaca, Tamarom i Alenom, ostali su živjeti u Petrinji nakon srpske okupacije grada započete 21. rujna 1991., a ubijeni su početkom studenoga iste godine. Poznati su identiteti dvojice okrivljenika za taj zločin, barem prema podignutoj optužnici na Županijskom sudu u Zagrebu krajem 2018. godine. Temeljito istraživanje takvih kriminalnih djela doprinosi otkrivanju počinitelja zločina i sprječava manipulacije žrtvama i brojkama ubijenih civila tijekom Domovinskoga rata. ; During the Homeland War Petrinja and the Petrinja area were destroyed due to the Greater Serbia aggression, the population was expelled, many civilians and Croatian soldiers were killed, and the area was eventually occupied in autumn of 1991. The occupation lasted until August 1995, until the "Storm Operation". After presenting political and military context of the situation before the crime was committed, the paper will focus on the murder case of the four- member Kozbašić family committed in occupied Petrinja. The paper is mainly based on documentation of Croatian and rebel Serb institutions, literature and newspapers were used as an additional source. Local restaurant owner and nurse, Milan and Gordana Kozbašić,, with two elementary school children, Tamara and Alen, remained living in Petrinja even after the Serbs occupied the city on September 21st, 1991. They were killed early in November of the same year. The identities of the two defendants for this crime are known, at least according to the indictment filed at the Zagreb County Court at the end of 2018. A thorough investigation of such criminal acts contributes to the detection of perpetrators of crimes and prevents manipulation of victims and numbers of civilians killed during the Homeland War.