Transformation processes occurring in the socio-economic life of modern society, have a direct impact in people's minds, their sentiments, perceptions, estimates and, consequently, in behavior. An important area of research today is the use of the instruments for the study of socio-economic processes, which take into account subjective perceptions, evaluations, intentions, expectations and their impact on macroeconomic phenomena. One of these tools is the consumer confidence index (CCI) which is a multi-component indicator that is calculated on the basis of sociological information. This article examines trends in consumer sentiment of the Vologda oblast residents, examines the features of private components of the IPN study of consumer attitudes in terms of various socio-demographic and income groups of the population. The use of an index for macroeconomic research provides a rare opportunity to incorporate psychological factors when modeling and forecasting the economy. Preparation of forecasts of the socio-economic situation gives an opportunity to capture trends that are often difficult to detect using traditional econometric methods, and, on this basis, to make adjustments in the management of economic processes.
Paper presents data based on the regular national surveys on self-assessment of financial situation, delay or non-payment of wages and pensions, shadow incomes prevalence, indices of socio-economic assessments and expectations of the Ukrainian population, the level of trust in the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers, the general assessment of the political situation in Ukraine.
Résumé Compte rendu d'une enquête par sondage réalisée au mois de novembre 1949 sur l'information et les réactions du public en matière démographique. Impressionné par les fluctuations de la conjoncture, l'esprit public manifeste des tendances plus malthusiennes qu'il y a deux ans.
The longstanding nature of significant income differentiation of the population and the instability of consumer prices affect the uneven distribution of resources and life opportunities among different groups of the population, exposing some of them to an increased risk of economic vulnerability. These problems are even more made worse during periods of instability in socio-economic life caused by political, anthropogenic or natural (for example, pandemic 2020) reasons. In this regard, the tasks of analyzing the emerging dynamics of inequality and inflation and identifying, on this basis, risks to the well-being of the population, acquire scientific and practical significance.Purpose: The goal of our work is to study the trends of income inequality and inflation, developing against the background of the pandemic, and to identify possible risks to the material wellbeing of Russians.Method or methodology: The paper uses general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis), dynamic analysis of official statistical data and materials of national sociological surveys.Results: We analyzed the dynamics of main indicators of income inequality and inflation, the structure of consumer spending, the volume of deposit and credit transactions of the population, trends in the population's perception of the financial situation and inflation, the practice of adaptation of the population in conditions of quarantine restrictions. We revealed the current trends in the socio-economic situation and possible risks for the population.Practical implications: The results of the study can be used by federal public authorities to develop social policy directions for lifting people out of poverty and reduce inequality, to develop monetary policy directions to reduce inflation, as well as by researchers interested in this topic. ; Затяжной характер существенной доходной дифференциация населения и нестабильность потребительских цен влияют на неравномерное распределение ресурсов и жизненных возможностей среди различных групп населения, подвергая некоторые из них повышенному риску экономической уязвимости. Данные проблемы еще более усугубляются в периоды нестабильности социально-экономической жизни, вызванной политическими, техногенными или природными (например, пандемия 2020 г.) причинами. В связи с этим научную и практическую значимость приобретают задачи анализа складывающейся динамики неравенства и инфляции и выявления на этой основе рисков для благополучия населения.Цель работы: изучение тенденций монетарного неравенства и инфляции, складывающихся на фоне протекания пандемии, и выявление возможных рисков для материального благополучия россиян.Метод или методология проведения работы: общенаучные методы (анализ и синтез), динамический анализ официальных статистических данных и результатов национальных социологических опросов населения.Результаты: проанализированы динамика показателей доходного неравенства и инфляции, структура потребительских расходов, объемы вкладных и кредитных операций населения, тенденции восприятия населением материального положения и инфляции, практики адаптации населения в условиях карантинных ограничений. Выявлены современные тенденции социально-экономического положения и возможные риски для населения.Область применения результатов: результаты исследования могут быть использованы федеральными органами государственной власти для разработки направлений социальной политики по борьбе с бедностью и сокращению неравенства, для разработки направлений денежно-кредитной политики по снижению инфляции, а также научными работниками, интересующимися данной тематикой.
The rapid collapse of political resistance to lowering the voting age is here noted and the potential effect of the lowering is analyzed. The prediction is also made that several political assumptions concerning youth voting, firmly held until recent times, are likely to be shattered. Among them is the assumption that young people will vote pretty much as does the general population. It is also contended that dissatisfaction among the young is more likely to divide them than produce a youth bloc vote. The old shibboleths of politics are not accepted by the young, leaving candidates for office the task of guessing what their approach to the large mass of new voters should be.
La Dordogne, anciennement Périgord, est située dans l'historiographie en périphérie de la zone des familles souches du Sud-Ouest. Le mode de transmission et de reproduction familiale permet de comprendre comment s'organise la famille et comment se nouent les liens en son sein. Outre les relations juridiques, économiques, patrimoniales, est-il possible d'approcher les relations d'ordre affectif? L'étude porte sur les familles ayant vécu dans le village de Saint-Léon-sur-l'Isle, entre 1780 et 1839. Une lecture très fine des sources, notamment des actes notariés, met en évidence les logiques de comportement et leur évolution pendant une période de bouleversements qui malmènent les équilibres familiaux. Elle livre également un aperçu de l'intimité familiale, celle du couple en particulier.
English-speakers and Bulgarian-speakers seem to read the term "minority" differently. While in English it is more a demographic term, meaning part of the population which is numerically smaller and distinctive from the largest group (the majority of the country), to Bulgarians the term has inalienable political connotations: "minority" is an ethnic or religious group, the rights of which are protected by international agreements and law with far reaching consequences.
AbstractWe investigate the causal nexus between pandemic distress and anti‐immigration sentiments. We exploit the disruption brought about by the Covid‐19 outbreak to randomly provide survey respondents with information on the economic or health consequences of the pandemic. Overall, we find that pessimistic information about the economic outlook reinforces overall adversity to immigration and the wish to exclude immigrants from access to healthcare. This effect is less pronounced in areas with larger immigrant populations. Our theoretical model pins down two possible mechanisms explaining these results: a zero‐sum game to split scarce public resources between residents and immigrants on the one hand, and on the other, fear of contagion.
In a world of presumed nation-states nation has been, and still is, an intrinsic part of political legitimization. The claim of nationality has played an important role in such legitimization for the last two centuries. More than this, it has also constituted a fundamental collective entity for an individual's understanding of who they are in relation to those who are perceived as not sharing the nationality. This is nothing new, but in an era of globalization we are witnessing the rebirth of nationalism and nationality (Castells, 1997), where the power struggle over the political agenda will increasingly be about the struggle for the right to identity and the risks of exclusion from the national community. Even if this is the case it stands clear that everyday nationalism and nationalist struggles take different forms in different parts of the world.
