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The author presents a post-colonial analysis of issues emanating from Iraq to illustrate the inadequacy of analysis within postcolonial perspectives in the case of the attack on Iraq, & the inadequacy of a postcolonial analysis that is exclusive of the contemporary practices of neo-colonialism. The dimensions of the attack on Iraq, the intensification of capitalist abstractions by neo-liberalism, & American empire are discussed in reference to modernities, late stage capitalism, cultural & economic imperialism on the war culture that has become Iraq. In conclusion, the author argues that post colonial scholarship is required to fully explain the enabling role of the terrorist attacks on the US, & the role of Iraq for American empire building. References. J. Harwell

SUMMARY:
Стэфен Велыченко анализирует основные идеи и методологические положения постколониализма, и прежде всего – постколониальное литературоведение, которое претендует на роль социальной теории. Терминологию этого влиятельного направления, а также методологию литературоведческой критики он называет сомнительной и неточной. Велыченко настаивает, что нет никаких оснований для изучения истории украинской политической и экономической зависимости с позиций постколониальной теории. Хотя формально Украина может быть сопоставлена со странами "третьего мира", т.е. с бывшими колониями, гораздо больше оснований сравнивать ее с такими некогда зависимыми европейскими странами, как Ирландия и Греция. Любое государство на том или ином этапе своей истории было зависимым, что совершенно не предполагает применения постколониального метода анализа и интерпретации прошлого этих стран. Данные тезисы Велыченко развивает применительно к Украине и постсоветскому пространству в целом.

Postcolonial theory looks at history, and it links to culture, sociology, psychology, and even politics and law. This study aims to analyze Aphra Behn Oroonoko with respect to post-colonialism, in particular, investigation of the extent colonialism, slavery, and being other. Oroonoko displays literary fiction and reality at the same time; thus, Immanuel Kant's concepts of the noumenal world and phenomenal world have significant meaning. It draws on these theories and worlds: while the phenomenal world is day-to-day life conditions, the noumenal world is impossible to experience. On the other hand, Tzvetan Todorov's perspectives on stories and novels are different, and he puts them in scales such as fantastic, uncanny and marvelous. For Oroonoko, readers can decide the scales only if they are willing to understand Todorov's aims. The aim of this study is to examine Kant's concepts of the noumenal world and the phenomenal world, and Todorov's scales, as well as colonialism, slavery and being other.

'Post-Colonialism and the Politics of Kenya' by D. Pal Ahluwalia is reviewed.

Examines the emergence of Hong Kong's new rich class & explores its political, economic, social, & international implications, drawing on the literature. This new group, including members of the capitalist & middle classes who have emerged from the process of industrialization since the 1960s, is categorized into four types: local bourgeoisie, local middle-class liberals, local middle-class nationalists, & mainland Chinese bourgeoisie. Politically, the rise of the new rich has contributed to the emergence of pluralism in Hong Kong. However, because Hong Kong is increasingly tied economically to the People's Republic of China, its politics in the future will likely be shaped by China's political & economic circumstances. The social liberalization brought about by the middle class is also likely to be tempered by China's authoritarian political system. However, China's influence over postcolonial Hong Kong may be kept in check by international concern over Hong Kong's future. D. M. Smith