Suchergebnisse

3. J. Leclerc mencoba menganalisa ideologi, yang dikandung dan di- gambarkan dengan sadar maupun tidak dalam perangko2 yang telah dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia sejak kemerdekaan. Beberapa grafis perangko2 tersebut telah dapat menolong penulis untuk menunjukkan tema2 besar dari ideologi tersebut. Oleh karenanya penulis mengemukakan bahwa perangko2, yang umumnya hanya menarik kaum philatelis, seharusnya juga mendapat perhatian dari para akhli dalam bidang sejarah mentalitet.

The uncertainty of the post-Maoist era, by Marie-Claire Bergère
The presence of Mao Zedong at the head of the Chinese Communist Party transformed a classic type bureaucracy into an aleatory one, both unforeseeable and arbitrary. Mao did not succeed in setting up a personal despotic regime. The struggle between Mao and the forces which seek to neutralise him, make the regime unstable. Three years after Mao's death, the political forces regained their equilibrium with Deng Xiaoping, though not without a certain opposition. Faction strife influences the relationship between government and those governed and dissension leads to a climate of anarchy, particularly agitated in the towns: political opening did not have the desired effect on the town masses. The urgent need for economic development cannot neglect the aim of a classless society, but the persistence of the Maoist utopia hinders the development of accelerated industrialisation. The contradiction between utopia and development assumes an explosive nature in China.