Suchergebnisse

"Postcolonial Counterpoint is a critical study of Orientalism and the state of Francophone and postcolonial studies, examined through the lens of the historical and cross-cultural relations between France and North Africa. Thoroughly questioning the inability of Western academia to shake free of universalism and essentialism and come to grips with the Orientalism within postcolonial discourse, Farid Laroussi offers a cultural tour d'horizon which considers André Gide's writing on Algeria, literature by French authors of Maghrebi descent, and the conversation surrounding secularism and the headscarf in France. A provocative investigation of the place of Muslims and Islam in Francophone culture, Postcolonial Counterpoint asks how we must proceed if postcolonial studies is to make a difference in reconciling history, identity, citizenship, and Islam in the West."--

1. Introduction: Making the Case for Reimagination -- 2. Narrative IR, Worldly IR -- 3. Postcolonial Literature and the Task of (Re)imagining the Maghreb -- 4. History and Narration as Weapons of Decolonization: Kateb Yacine's Nedjma -- 5. Language and the (Im)possibility of Translation in Derrida's Monolingualism of the Other and Khatibi's Love in Two Languages -- 6. East and West Encounters and Double Critique in Fatema Mernissi's Writings -- 7. IR and the Need for Reimagination – Concluding Remarks

L'article aborde la problématique des réformes agraires au Maghreb, leurs énoncés et les actions mises en œuvre en lien avec l'histoire agraire coloniale de ces pays. Après avoir rappelé l'héritage de la colonisation agraire, il évoque les initiatives prises pour résoudre la question du dualisme agraire au cours de la période coloniale. En retraçant les contextes qui prévalent dans chacun des pays ainsi que les choix stratégiques, l'étude examine les contenus et les objectifs des réformes agraires conduites dès le lendemain des indépendances. Elle décrit les processus engagés, les étapes ainsi que les résultats provisoires enregistrés. Elle tente enfin une analyse des principales raisons à l'origine des échecs de ces réformes en mettant l'accent sur les processus de dépaysannisation, les systèmes d'alliance sociale et les changements socio-économiques induits par la mise en œuvre des premiers plans de développement. Ces causes ont conduit à la rupture des coalitions politiques en faveur des réformes. L'article analyse enfin comment les renoncements observés dans tous les pays sur cette question agraire ont conduit les pouvoirs en place à faire un pari politique en faveur d'une modernisation promue par une classe de paysans aisés, d'entrepreneurs ruraux ou de nouvelles élites économiques d'origine urbaine et rurale.

The image that Maghreban construct of North Africa is a little investigated subject. This study examines the question of Maghreban imaginaire from a South-South perspective on the basis of a systematic analysis of a corpus of twelve school history textbooks published in Tunisia between 1956 & 2005. This approach implicitly echoes current French debates on the way colonial history is presented to younger generations. It also attends to grasp the meaning of the various categories which are Maghreb, North Africa, the Muslim West, the south of the Mediterranean, etc., from an endogenous standpoint. The Maghreb is presented as a political rather than a cultural concept. This makes the North African space difficult to grasp, as it has multiple, sometimes even contradictory representations. One of the evolutions evidenced is that since "the death of Arab nationalist ideology," the "Mediterranean Maghreb" paradigm is now far from being the mobilizing myth shared by all Maghreban populations. Adapted from the source document.

Postcolonial Encounters in International Relations examines the social and cultural aspects of the political violence that underpinned the French colonial project in the Maghreb, and the multi-layered postcolonial realities that ensued. This book explores the reality of the lives of North African migrants in postcolonial France, with a particular focus on their access to political entitlements such as citizenship and rights. This reality is complicated even further by complex practices of memory undertaken by Franco-Maghrebian intellectuals, who negotiate, in their writings, between the violent memory of the French colonial project in the Maghreb, and the contemporary conundrums of postcolonial migration. The book pursues thus the politics of (post)colonial memory by tracing its representations in literary, political, and visual narratives belonging to various Franco-Maghrebian intellectuals, who see themselves as living and writing between France and the Maghreb. By adopting a postcolonial perspective, a perspective quite marginal in International Relations, the book investigates a different international relations, which emerges via narratives of migration. A postcolonial standpoint is instrumental in understanding the relations between class, gender, and race, which interrogate and reflect more generally on the shared (post)colonial violence between North Africa and France, and on the politics of mediating violence through complex practices of memory.

Zebda, a musical group from Toulouse, appeared during the 1980s. Closely linked to a local voluntaryorganisation, it includes French citizens of foreign descent, whose families migrated to the Midi-Pyrénées region from the Maghreb, but also from Italy and Spain. Zebda became famous in the 1990sas a "mixed band" playing "hybrid" music. This dissertation begins by analysing the conditions inwhich the band emerged and its relationships with the movement of the Marches pour l'égalité in the1980s, and with a militant organisation that will eventually become Tactikollectif in the 1990s. Then itshows that Zebda can be defined as a "musical tool", which allows answering the question: How doesZebda's music question the foundations of French society? That is, conceptions of citizenship andconditions for living together in harmony. ; Le groupe de musique Zebda est né d'une aventure associative pendant les années 1980 à Toulouse.Composé de français issus de l'immigration maghrébine postcoloniale et des immigrations espagnoleset italiennes du début du XXème siècle en région Midi-Pyrénées, Zebda connaît un certain succès enFrance pendant les années 1990. En revenant sur l'histoire de la création du groupe, liée notamment aumouvement des marches pour l'égalité des années 1980 et à une aventure associative et militante quiaboutira à la création du Tactikollectif dans les années 1990, cette thèse cherche à comprendre etcaractériser l'outil musical Zebda. La problématique de recherche est la suivante : en quoi la musiquedu groupe Zebda permet-elle de questionner les fondements de la société française : son processus decitoyenneté comme son vivre ensemble ?

For ten years, Maghreb countries have experienced unprecedented legislative developments, particularly in migration and citizenship law. The concomitance of reforms in both these fields – matching a parallel phenomenon in Europe – arguably reveals an awareness of being migrantreceiving countries and increasingly mixed societies. Revisions in citizenship legislation have mainly been motivated by gender-related concerns and, as such, have only affected immigrants indirectly. Despite some still rigid and discriminatory provisions, the Maghreb presents a range of regulations and national responses in addressing differences, which has the potential to turn successive generations of foreign residents into citizens. Yet, some recent changes have also demonstrated a new reluctance towards the possible integration of foreign citizens.