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Using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey and the March Current Population Survey, we provide poverty estimates for 1967 to 2012 based on a historical Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM). During this period, poverty, as officially measured, has stagnated. However, the official poverty measure (OPM) does not account for the effect of near-cash transfers on the financial resources available to families, an important omission since such transfers have become an increasingly important part of government anti-poverty policy. Applying the historical SPM, which does count such transfers, we find that trends in poverty have been more favorable than the OPM suggests and that government policies have played an important and growing role in reducing poverty—a role that is not evident when the OPM is used to assess poverty. We also find that government programs have played a particularly important role in alleviating child poverty and deep poverty, especially during economic downturns.

Explores how to define, measure, and keep track of poverty; the causes of poverty; and counterstrategies. This work features detailed case studies that examine the situations in the United States, India, Syria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, and the Ukraine

NGO's ladder to development-knowledge and the path of solicitation -- Access to water and the science of financial patronage -- Informal settlements, land mafia and failure of government policy -- Women cotton pickers in Pakistan : lost between the civil society and the state -- Why education for all does not turn into all for education? -- Universal health coverage; is health microinsurance the answer? -- Poverty alleviation and arithmetic of the poor.

What is poverty? -- The economic and human dimensions of poverty -- Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Poverty in Asia and the Arab States -- Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Poverty in developed countries -- Women and children in poverty -- Poverty and environmental hazards -- Poverty and violence -- The fight against poverty : progress and prospects.