Suchergebnisse

There is a large amount of abandoned land in Lithuania. This land is used neither as economic nor as agro environmental resource. This affects the country's agricultural development, hinders land resource management, undermine the country's image. Given the urgency of the problem the Government of Lithuania include this question into the Government Programme 2008-2012. Therefore, the scientific approach of the problem of abandoned land becomes more important. The aims of the study - to examine the causes of abandoned land upraise and provide means for its management and use. Objectives of the study: 1. To examine the foreign experience of abandoned land identification and the possible ways of its utilization; 2. Define the concept of abandoned land and examine possible ways of its monitoring; 3. Determine the causes of abandoned land upraise; 4. Submit proposals for abandoned land management and utilization. Work was to use scientific information and literature, law and other documents, statistical data analysis, induction and deduction, regional typological methods. Lithuania abandoned land matters were dealt with few authors but foreign literature quite extensively analyzed the causes of abandoned land upraise, the possible utilization and its management problems. Following an investigation, the definition of the abandoned land is proposed, fixed the amount of abandoned land in Lithuanian regions and their dynamics. Institutional and legal conditions for the management of the abandoned land are luite satisfactory in Lithuania. In order to activate the land market the project of the utilization of the abandoned land is designed, generated the offer to review the land tax, the distribution of funds of the RDP2007-2012.

There is a large amount of abandoned land in Lithuania. This land is used neither as economic nor as agro environmental resource. This affects the country's agricultural development, hinders land resource management, undermine the country's image. Given the urgency of the problem the Government of Lithuania include this question into the Government Programme 2008-2012. Therefore, the scientific approach of the problem of abandoned land becomes more important. The aims of the study - to examine the causes of abandoned land upraise and provide means for its management and use. Objectives of the study: 1. To examine the foreign experience of abandoned land identification and the possible ways of its utilization; 2. Define the concept of abandoned land and examine possible ways of its monitoring; 3. Determine the causes of abandoned land upraise; 4. Submit proposals for abandoned land management and utilization. Work was to use scientific information and literature, law and other documents, statistical data analysis, induction and deduction, regional typological methods. Lithuania abandoned land matters were dealt with few authors but foreign literature quite extensively analyzed the causes of abandoned land upraise, the possible utilization and its management problems. Following an investigation, the definition of the abandoned land is proposed, fixed the amount of abandoned land in Lithuanian regions and their dynamics. Institutional and legal conditions for the management of the abandoned land are luite satisfactory in Lithuania. In order to activate the land market the project of the utilization of the abandoned land is designed, generated the offer to review the land tax, the distribution of funds of the RDP2007-2012.

Healthcare governance has introduced new organizational requirements for social responsibility, not only for the quality and efficiency of the institutions but also for the organization's behavior and employee's thinking, their motivations and expectations, shaping new values and beliefs, understanding organizational culture as a whole traditions, cultural self-awareness, organization and employee aspirations over the last five years. It requires the development of a multidimensional organization development direction, an organization's strategic approach to the formation of its culture and its interaction with an outside institutional environment. Heads of health care institutions and top managers need to develop and develop their organizational skills, improve their administrative practices, and systematically analyze their needs. Lithuania's integration into the European Economic Area determines both the development of new technologies, higher quality standards for health services and the need for medical professionals to compete with Western European service providers. It is a multidisciplinary process that creates new challenges for the country.

Healthcare governance has introduced new organizational requirements for social responsibility, not only for the quality and efficiency of the institutions but also for the organization's behavior and employee's thinking, their motivations and expectations, shaping new values and beliefs, understanding organizational culture as a whole traditions, cultural self-awareness, organization and employee aspirations over the last five years. It requires the development of a multidimensional organization development direction, an organization's strategic approach to the formation of its culture and its interaction with an outside institutional environment. Heads of health care institutions and top managers need to develop and develop their organizational skills, improve their administrative practices, and systematically analyze their needs. Lithuania's integration into the European Economic Area determines both the development of new technologies, higher quality standards for health services and the need for medical professionals to compete with Western European service providers. It is a multidisciplinary process that creates new challenges for the country. ; Per paskutinius penkerius metus sveikatos priežiūros valdymas iškėlė naujus organizacijų socialinės atsakomybės reikalavimus siekiant ne tik institucijų veiklos kokybės ir efektyvumo, bet ir organizacijų elgsenos bei darbuotojų mąstymo, jų motyvacijų ir lūkesčių pokyčių, formuojant naujas vertybes ir įsitikinimus, suprantant organizacijos kultūrą kaip visumą pažiūrų, tradicijų, kultūrinės savimonės, organizacijos ir darbuotojų tapatybės siekių. Tai reikalauja daugiadimensiško organizacijos vystymosi krypčių nustatymo, organizacijos strateginio požiūrio į jos kultūros formavimo ir sąveikos su išore institucine aplinka. Sveikatos priežiūros įstaigų vadovai ir aukščiausio rango vadybininkai turi vystyti ir plėtoti organizacinius gebėjimus, tobulinti administravimo praktiką, sistemingai analizuoti žmogiškųjų išteklių poreikį. Lietuvos integracija į Europos ekonominę erdvę lemia tiek naujų technologijų plėtrą, aukštesnius kokybinius sveikatos paslaugų standartus, tiek būtinybę dėl medicinos specialistų konkuruoti su Vakarų Europos valstybių paslaugų teikėjais. Tai daugiadisciplininis procesas, keliantis šaliai naujus iššūkius.

The authors trust that the concept of the breakthrough of the strategic management and its implementation, as discussed by them, will be in contrast to the rhythm of the "life cycle" and will contribute to the avoiding of the extreme negative results of the development by the preliminary prediction of potential, often unavoidable, dangers and by the provision of measures to neutralise the negative factors. To put the strategic effect into practice, it is important to channel the efforts in the following directions: • to prioritise strategic aims; • to define the modernising role of the state; • to construe the system of strategic state govern ment; • to work out a new approach to the necessity of holistic thinking, and to design the perspective of coherence of the components of the whole, even under the dominating chaos conditions; • to look for strategists in a complex combination of researchers - politicians - officials that rejects any formal subordination; • to foster the activities of "thing-tanks". The authors also suggest initiating a wider discussion on the following subject: should Lithuania, that is not characterised by high developmental standards, follow the well-trodden path of highly developed countries in order to achieve the irreversibility of the development, or are any other scenarios of catching-up with them a possibility?

The authors trust that the concept of the breakthrough of the strategic management and its implementation, as discussed by them, will be in contrast to the rhythm of the "life cycle" and will contribute to the avoiding of the extreme negative results of the development by the preliminary prediction of potential, often unavoidable, dangers and by the provision of measures to neutralise the negative factors. To put the strategic effect into practice, it is important to channel the efforts in the following directions: • to prioritise strategic aims; • to define the modernising role of the state; • to construe the system of strategic state govern ment; • to work out a new approach to the necessity of holistic thinking, and to design the perspective of coherence of the components of the whole, even under the dominating chaos conditions; • to look for strategists in a complex combination of researchers - politicians - officials that rejects any formal subordination; • to foster the activities of "thing-tanks". The authors also suggest initiating a wider discussion on the following subject: should Lithuania, that is not characterised by high developmental standards, follow the well-trodden path of highly developed countries in order to achieve the irreversibility of the development, or are any other scenarios of catching-up with them a possibility?

The authors trust that the concept of the breakthrough of the strategic management and its implementation, as discussed by them, will be in contrast to the rhythm of the "life cycle" and will contribute to the avoiding of the extreme negative results of the development by the preliminary prediction of potential, often unavoidable, dangers and by the provision of measures to neutralise the negative factors. To put the strategic effect into practice, it is important to channel the efforts in the following directions: • to prioritise strategic aims; • to define the modernising role of the state; • to construe the system of strategic state govern ment; • to work out a new approach to the necessity of holistic thinking, and to design the perspective of coherence of the components of the whole, even under the dominating chaos conditions; • to look for strategists in a complex combination of researchers - politicians - officials that rejects any formal subordination; • to foster the activities of "thing-tanks". The authors also suggest initiating a wider discussion on the following subject: should Lithuania, that is not characterised by high developmental standards, follow the well-trodden path of highly developed countries in order to achieve the irreversibility of the development, or are any other scenarios of catching-up with them a possibility?

The authors trust that the concept of the breakthrough of the strategic management and its implementation, as discussed by them, will be in contrast to the rhythm of the "life cycle" and will contribute to the avoiding of the extreme negative results of the development by the preliminary prediction of potential, often unavoidable, dangers and by the provision of measures to neutralise the negative factors. To put the strategic effect into practice, it is important to channel the efforts in the following directions: • to prioritise strategic aims; • to define the modernising role of the state; • to construe the system of strategic state govern ment; • to work out a new approach to the necessity of holistic thinking, and to design the perspective of coherence of the components of the whole, even under the dominating chaos conditions; • to look for strategists in a complex combination of researchers - politicians - officials that rejects any formal subordination; • to foster the activities of "thing-tanks". The authors also suggest initiating a wider discussion on the following subject: should Lithuania, that is not characterised by high developmental standards, follow the well-trodden path of highly developed countries in order to achieve the irreversibility of the development, or are any other scenarios of catching-up with them a possibility?

The authors trust that the concept of the breakthrough of the strategic management and its implementation, as discussed by them, will be in contrast to the rhythm of the "life cycle" and will contribute to the avoiding of the extreme negative results of the development by the preliminary prediction of potential, often unavoidable, dangers and by the provision of measures to neutralise the negative factors. To put the strategic effect into practice, it is important to channel the efforts in the following directions: • to prioritise strategic aims; • to define the modernising role of the state; • to construe the system of strategic state govern ment; • to work out a new approach to the necessity of holistic thinking, and to design the perspective of coherence of the components of the whole, even under the dominating chaos conditions; • to look for strategists in a complex combination of researchers - politicians - officials that rejects any formal subordination; • to foster the activities of "thing-tanks". The authors also suggest initiating a wider discussion on the following subject: should Lithuania, that is not characterised by high developmental standards, follow the well-trodden path of highly developed countries in order to achieve the irreversibility of the development, or are any other scenarios of catching-up with them a possibility?

The authors trust that the concept of the breakthrough of the strategic management and its implementation, as discussed by them, will be in contrast to the rhythm of the "life cycle" and will contribute to the avoiding of the extreme negative results of the development by the preliminary prediction of potential, often unavoidable, dangers and by the provision of measures to neutralise the negative factors. To put the strategic effect into practice, it is important to channel the efforts in the following directions: • to prioritise strategic aims; • to define the modernising role of the state; • to construe the system of strategic state govern ment; • to work out a new approach to the necessity of holistic thinking, and to design the perspective of coherence of the components of the whole, even under the dominating chaos conditions; • to look for strategists in a complex combination of researchers - politicians - officials that rejects any formal subordination; • to foster the activities of "thing-tanks". The authors also suggest initiating a wider discussion on the following subject: should Lithuania, that is not characterised by high developmental standards, follow the well-trodden path of highly developed countries in order to achieve the irreversibility of the development, or are any other scenarios of catching-up with them a possibility?

Teacher Mikas Petrauskas (1908?) was the last author having published his books of problems in arithmetic for I-III forms of primary school in Independent Lithuania before the World War Two. As books of problems by other authors of the said period, the books of problems by M. Petrauskas distinguished themselves for expressed integration of arithmetic teaching with the real life of the pupils. The books of problems were used in Lithuania during the World War Two and at schools for children of war refugees in the post-war period at West Germany. M. Petrauskas was the only author that dared to publish reviewed books of problems in post-war Soviet Lithuania. However, the said review was not natural and integration with the real life was engaged considerably in the political aspect. The attempts were ineffective: within 5 years, books of problems by M. Petrauskas were displaced from Lithuanian schools by the ones approved in Moscow and translated from Russian. Keywords: books of problems in arithmetic, primary school, Independent Lithuania before the World War Two and Soviet Lithuania, war refugees from Lithuania in the post-war period, West Germany.

Teacher Mikas Petrauskas (1908?) was the last author having published his books of problems in arithmetic for I-III forms of primary school in Independent Lithuania before the World War Two. As books of problems by other authors of the said period, the books of problems by M. Petrauskas distinguished themselves for expressed integration of arithmetic teaching with the real life of the pupils. The books of problems were used in Lithuania during the World War Two and at schools for children of war refugees in the post-war period at West Germany. M. Petrauskas was the only author that dared to publish reviewed books of problems in post-war Soviet Lithuania. However, the said review was not natural and integration with the real life was engaged considerably in the political aspect. The attempts were ineffective: within 5 years, books of problems by M. Petrauskas were displaced from Lithuanian schools by the ones approved in Moscow and translated from Russian. Keywords: books of problems in arithmetic, primary school, Independent Lithuania before the World War Two and Soviet Lithuania, war refugees from Lithuania in the post-war period, West Germany.

Teacher Mikas Petrauskas (1908?) was the last author having published his books of problems in arithmetic for I-III forms of primary school in Independent Lithuania before the World War Two. As books of problems by other authors of the said period, the books of problems by M. Petrauskas distinguished themselves for expressed integration of arithmetic teaching with the real life of the pupils. The books of problems were used in Lithuania during the World War Two and at schools for children of war refugees in the post-war period at West Germany. M. Petrauskas was the only author that dared to publish reviewed books of problems in post-war Soviet Lithuania. However, the said review was not natural and integration with the real life was engaged considerably in the political aspect. The attempts were ineffective: within 5 years, books of problems by M. Petrauskas were displaced from Lithuanian schools by the ones approved in Moscow and translated from Russian. Keywords: books of problems in arithmetic, primary school, Independent Lithuania before the World War Two and Soviet Lithuania, war refugees from Lithuania in the post-war period, West Germany.

Teacher Mikas Petrauskas (1908?) was the last author having published his books of problems in arithmetic for I-III forms of primary school in Independent Lithuania before the World War Two. As books of problems by other authors of the said period, the books of problems by M. Petrauskas distinguished themselves for expressed integration of arithmetic teaching with the real life of the pupils. The books of problems were used in Lithuania during the World War Two and at schools for children of war refugees in the post-war period at West Germany. M. Petrauskas was the only author that dared to publish reviewed books of problems in post-war Soviet Lithuania. However, the said review was not natural and integration with the real life was engaged considerably in the political aspect. The attempts were ineffective: within 5 years, books of problems by M. Petrauskas were displaced from Lithuanian schools by the ones approved in Moscow and translated from Russian. Keywords: books of problems in arithmetic, primary school, Independent Lithuania before the World War Two and Soviet Lithuania, war refugees from Lithuania in the post-war period, West Germany.

The expansion of the public infrastructure, the rendering of various public services and the needs in its quality assurance have become a more relevant problem in Lithuania and in many other world countries. This problem arises due to the limited financial capacity of the public sector. One of the possible solutions to the problem could be a public-private partnership projects, where the private sector investments are enlisted to meet public sector needs. Concessions are particularly the most popular forms of public-private partnerships in Lithuania. Under the Lithuanian laws, concession generally means the authorisation granted by the state or municipal authority to the private entity to build/develop the infrastructure or provide public services. The remunaration for that is the right to use the objects buil. The aim of the present thesis is to define the actual legal regulation problems arising in implementation process of concession projects and submit proposals of how they can be solved; The tasks of thesis are the following: 1. Examine a concept of concession as a form of public-private partnership and to identify its characteristic features; 2. Make an analysis of the legal regulation, review and to make an overview of the concession projects implementation process, identify characteristic problems which are relevant to the different stages of the legal regulation development; 3. On the basis of various sources, identify problems which can be solved by using legal measures; 4. According the research finding on the actual implementation problems and their trends of concession projects, formulate the conclusions and give related recommendations on the improvement of legislation,; The hypothesis: the problems of concession projects implementation are not adequately reflected in the amendments to legal regulation. Based on the accomplished analysis, there is neither legal literature, directly related to the topic of thesis, nor the relevant jurisprudence. After the systematic analysis of the legal regulation and legislation, the following main problems of the implementing the concession projects, were identified: 1. The legal regulation of concessions allows to ensure the transparency of concessions, which are granted by the state authority but the projects for the present are not implemented; 2. The legislation does not provide for the participation of public or individual interest groups in the rendering/implementing the concession. 3. Amendments to laws regulating the implementation of concession projects are not always based on the solution of the problems revealed, and the adopted legal regulation amendments are not always in the line with the objectives foreseen. 4. Amendments to laws, regulating the implementation of concession projects, are accomplished without using all possibilities of legislation mechanisms, allowing to evaluate the negative aspects of the impact of prospective changes in the legal framework. According findings obtained, the thesis provides recommendations for solving the concessions implementation problems. Conclusion: the hypothesis of thesis, that the problems of concession projects implementation are not adequately reflected in the amendments to legal regulation, has been proved to be correct.