Suchergebnisse

In the conditions of globalization, the intensification of relations between different States is taking place; the formation of a common market of capital, technologies and goods is formed. In this merged market there is a segment of the labor market, in which intellectual migration plays an extremely important role. At the present phase, migration processes attract more and more attention of scientists in all leading countries of the world. A special place takes intellectual migration. Human bieng, the human factor, especially their intellect, the educational potential has become a real capital. And migration itself forms the bulk of this capital. Migration is becoming more and more differentiated in terms of educational, qualification and professional characteristics, constantly involving new categories and groups of people in the staffing exchange. From ancient times, intellectual migration has been characterized by the constant movement of scientific staff between universities, which, obviously, determined the growth of prestige and the scientific, educational level of a university. Even in the history of Ukraine we can mention Yury Drohobych (Kotermak), professor and rector of the University of Bologna, professor of the Jagiellonian University, Mykhailo Drahomanov, professor at the Higher School in Sofia (now - Sofia University), etc. The present dictates similar needs in intelligence, which is addressed by promising scientists in the search for self-realization. Disproportionately smaller is the "flow" of scientific personnel to Ukraine. But such examples also take place. James Mace, a well-known historian, political scientist, researcher of the Holodomor, moved to Ukraine for scientific research and linked his scientific and livelihood with our country. In Ukraine, such migration processes are characterized by dynamism, diversity and a set of causes, not only of internal scientific, but also socio-economic nature. Over the past decades, part of the scientists who were unable to adapt to the new socio-economic conditions of post-Soviet Ukraine and could not "stay in science" by migrating to other areas of human activity, for example, in business or migrating to other countries. This, in turn, led to an imbalance in the scientific and educational spheres, and created new challenges and threats to the national educational and scientific sector, which affected the level of technical and technological development of Ukraine. The main goals of this paper is to determine the specifics of migration processes in the intellectual sphere, to identify their causes and social mechanisms, to analyze general and special factors of intellectual migration, to identify trends in intellectual migration and to create the appropriate conditions for the development of intellectual potential of Ukraine. Modern international intellectual migration is made up of two parts: highly qualified specialists who migrate from one developed country to another (mainly within Europe) and from specialists from Asia, Africa, Latin America and Eastern Europe. Developing countries (this group can be safely attributed to Ukraine), as a result of the "outflow of intelligence" are experiencing great complications due to the lack of high-skilled and secondary education. That is why the "outflow of intelligence" is seen as the migration of highly skilled and talented specialists from poor and / or isolated countries to industrial centers. This process is permanent, and is steadily gaining momentum, increasing the flows of highly skilled migrants to the European Union States, and especially the United States of America.

One of the most important decisions that entrepreneurs and investors adopt in the process of their activities to obtain a positive micro- and macroeconomic result is the placement of monetary funds into ranked financial instruments. Such a decision requires understanding of investment features and risks for all classes of assets. A special attention should be paid to derivatives as their use, despite high effectiveness, is not commonly practiced in Ukraine. The aim of present work is a theoretical study of financial and organizational prerequisites for hedging, particularly, to identify obstacles to the introduction of this technique, including when working with derivatives, in risk management, formation of conceptual approaches to assess and overcome obstacles in the effective application of hedging strategy. Main problems in the application of hedging technique for the work with derivatives at domestic enterprises and financial markets of Ukraine are characterized. We substantiated a hedging technique as an alternative, by efficiency, method in risk management. The most common financial techniques are characterized, which include natural and synthetic types of hedging. A structure of the financial market is revealed, and financial negotiable instruments -objects of application of hedging technique- are classified. A system of participants in the Ukrainian stock market is presented. We described the essence of technique and certain methods of hedging. Micro-and macroeconomic obstacles are identified when applying hedging relative to derivatives: unsubstantiated number of exchanges, weakly-developed legal-normative base, insufficient warrants of property rights to foreign investors, lack of actual delivery of the base asset, low investment attractiveness of Ukraine, lack of a unified regulator for financial markets, absence of hedgers, small volumes of transactions for all futures, low level of financial literacy among the population. The scientific novelty of present research is in outlining the aspects of practical implementation of hedging technique into risk management in dealing with derivatives. Results of the study might be used by legal entities when managing risks in operational and financial activities. Further research into the scientific problem specified may be directed to regulate drivers of profitable business activity by innovative and progressive methods and techniques.

The article examines the role and functional importance of the lawyer's involvement in the notarial process, discusses the peculiarities of the lawyer's procedural activity in committing certain groups of notarial proceedings.

Based on the analysis of judicial and notarial practice, the authors consider the issues of registration of the powers of the lawyer who provides representation in the notarial process. The article concludes that it is necessary to eliminate ambiguous understanding of documentary confirmation of the representative's powers. The specifics of participation in the notarial process and the peculiarities of legal regulation for such participation are determined by the nature of procedural formalities in the sphere of the notarial process. The necessity of determining the lawyer's powers in the notarial process on the basis of a power of attorney issubstantiated.

The specifics of the lawyer's activity in the notarial process are proposed to be determined on the basis of two significant aspects: the legal status of the person represented by the lawyer and the nature, complexity, subjectivity of the notarial proceedings.

Since the notarial procedure involves the search for the most favorable, acceptable to the parties options for solving their legal situation, the use of various instruments of legal technique, the negative effects of the lawyer's participation in the dynamics of notarial proceedings areanalyzed.

Particular attention is paid to the functional component of the lawyer's participation in the notarial proceedings in terms of the stage of the notarial process. Based on the analysis of the case law and the practice of notary decrees on the refusal to perform a notarial act, it is concluded that most of the refusals were made on the grounds that could be eliminated or corrected by the applicant. The paper also stipulates the expediency of the lawyer's involvement in the notarial process for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of such a process. The efficiency of the lawyer's participation in the stage of preparation for the execution of the notary proceedings is determined in order to ensure the legal analysis of the documents as should be provided by the applicant for confirmation of one or another legal fact; legal analysis of the grounds for refusal of a notary in committing notarial proceedings; ways of adjusting the course of the notarial process, offering alternatives to solving the legal situation of theperson.

The article highlights the problematic aspects of the personal participation of a person on behalf of and in the name of whom the notarial proceedings are committed. Cases where such participation is mandatory are demonstrated. Based on the research, the authors of the article offer independent conclusions and judgments on the analyzed topics.

The article deals with the chronology of the legal regulation for bankruptcy in Ukraine at the stage of its economic recovery, clarifies the essence of its elements, as well as the effectiveness of the entire legal mechanism and its individual components. The authors pay attention to the legal regimentation of the bankruptcy procedure and to the legal acts that regulate its implementation. The main novelties and shortcomings of these acts and their impact on law enforcement practice and on the economy as a whole are highlighted. The article considers the approaches of the legislator to the settlement of the legal status of creditors, their representative bodies, the arbitration managers, as well as the implementation of certain court procedures applied to the debtor at different stages of bankruptcy legislation development. It was found that the Bankruptcy Law, as amended in 2002, became one of the driving forces of Ukraine's economic growth. It is determined that the Recommendations of Supreme Economic Court of Ukraine have highlighted one of the key provisions (principles), in particular the priority of the Bankruptcy Law over other legal acts and the latter can be applied in insolvency as much as necessary and possible. It is substantiated that the Bankruptcy Law, as amended in 2011, contained both the development of judicial practice as well as revolutionary provisions and the achievement of technical progress in the field of the Internet, which contributed to bringing the bankruptcy proceedings to a higher level. It is argued that a number of provisions of this law were used in the preparation of the Commercial and Procedural Code of Ukraine and the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine. It is determined that a number of the most important provisions of the legislation of the period under study were not reflected in the latest bankruptcy legislation, in particular: clear conditions for initiating bankruptcy proceedings; variety of bankruptcy procedures applied to debtors with legal personality; indefinite circle of subjects of bankruptcy and those persons who are not included in the named circle.

The article, based on a study of the formation and development of Ukrainian studies in the crisis of classical science, analyzes the transformation of modern European science from Descartes to the present, the contradictions of high ideals of the Enlightenment about man, people, and human-based foundations of postclassical Ukrainian studies. The study describes Ukrainian studies in the context of fundamental changes in modern European science and the separation of the humanities from the natural science discussions of unity - the separation and search for the unity of the humanities and natural sciences. The role of Ukrainian studies in the formation of the Ukrainian literary language, spelling, literature, the establishment of scientific research in the processes of cultural and historical revival, social, national-revolutionary movements are revealed. The general theoretical scientific basis of Ukrainian studies is analyzed, noting specific features in classical and non-classical science. In the context of the research, the peculiarity of Ukrainian studies as a holistic, multiple, human-dimensional science is revealed, in the structure of which parts express the nature of the whole and give it specific properties. Apart from the integral structure, the parts acquire other object features. The article emphasizes that rethinking the role of Ukrainian studies in science, education, in all spheres of life is a powerful basis for the consolidation of the Ukrainian nation. There are well-founded arguments that the renewed Ukrainian studies, having passed a difficult path of formation, rise and prohibitions, oblivion, revival becomes the foundation for new post-classical science.

The article is devoted to the research of dispositions that regulates decision-making process of substance addicts. Decision making process is often marked as one of a key links, that leads to addiction and then became impaired of its consequences – behavior altering and comorbid disorders of cognitive functioning. Defining this premorbid and comorbid specific could be helpful with understanding of addiction phenomena as whole. Comparing two groups by Mann-Whitney statistic criteria — a group of substance addicts and group of non-addicts have shown a list of specific tendencies in the manifestation of personal dispositions that confirmed as decision-making moderators.

For the group of addicts is more inherently to have a higher degree of hypervigilance and intuitive ability, than for a control group, less inherently to have a higher level of vigilance, tolerance for ambiguity, as well as high intolerance for ambiguity. This points to tendency to make decisions in more impulsive way, and make more biased processes of rational regulation, especially in stress-rich environment. As for the perception of the temporal perspective, the orientation towards the hedonistic "here and now" before future consequences is more appropriate, combining with enhanced negative-past perception. Therefore, addicts time perception is another important axis of decision-making process analysis.

In general, discovered features in individual dispositions of addicts, could point to the style-specific signature of decision-making process that can be localized within the predominance of implicit, rapid, intuitive processes, mostly impulsive in the degree of self-control and focused on the present, instead of taking long-term perspectives and conscience into the process. Such features must be taken into account in further rehabilitation program development.

The article observes the transformational processes in educational environment of the Donetsk region and hightights the vectors of pro-European and reverse models of educational processes. The author emphasises on the differences between reformation and indocrination, alanyzes upbringing of the younger generation and necesserity to develop a program of prevention the manipulative methods which influence on the consciousness of youth through the educational channels. Education of Ukraine has become the prolongation to the Soviet system. Russification and the relics of Soviet values have played a key role in the process of losing of Ukrainian positions in the Donetsk region and Lugansk region. The occupation of these territories lays a deeper diversity in worldvie, because the occupants support the basis of the "Russian world" through education and mass media. Ukrainian education has gone from deideologization, humanization and national orientation to the European vector of change. The reform of Ukrainian school is aimed at forming an active position of student in the modern world. The Donetsk region have suffered from a strong russification of schools, which even today demonstrate the lowest rates for teaching on Ukrainian language. The occupied territory of the Donbas is subjected to political and cultural reprogramming of population according to the Russian inrerest. They do it through the educational processes by the way of forced introduction of a pro-Russian model into school curricula. The processes of indocrination appeared in the purposeful reorientation of teaching courses and program material according to the Russian context. In the content we could see the shifting emphasis, revision of the humanitarian disciplines in the discourse of Slavic (Russian) world restoration. It is important to develop methodological support and a broad informative basis for responding to a humanitarian attack by a neighboring state.

This paper presents an analysis of the main theories and results of experimental research in the context of the shifting social preferences towards moral prejudices in a process of resource allocation decision making. Researchers of game theory have found that three motives are included in the decision-making process about resource allocation: social preferences, moral prejudices, and self-interest. Personal interests and moral prejudices are strong predictors in the model of predicting people's social orientations. Moral prejudices, being the distortions created by self-interest, can strongly influence people's social preferences, and even change them to the opposite. As a result, an asymmetric relationship is established between personal interest and moral prejudices in the decision-making process about resource allocation. When moral prejudices become an obstacle to achieving a goal, a person unconsciously distorts the information so that it justifies its actions. These distortions can be manifested in the avoidance of information that interferes with personal interests, the selective selection of information, and even recourse to opposing moral principles. In the long run, all this is expressed in the change of a person's social orientation from altruistic to selfish. These changes in people's social preferences are confirmed by the results of numerous experiments not only in social psychology, but also in social neuropsychology and neuroeconomics. The way to overcome these distortions is to have a clear understanding of the limits of personal interests and an understanding of one's own motives in decisions about resource allocation.

The article presents in abstract form the results of the initial historical analysis of the Belarusian protests of 2020 in the context of similar processes in the post-Soviet space. The preconditions and reasons for the mass demonstrations are shown: structural problems and the Ukrainian events of 2014 led to the stagnation of the Belarusian economy; confidence in the election results in society declined with each election campaign; the new generation of Belarusians had incomprehensible values, which were preserved and imposed on the society by the authorities. There were also several triggers of protests: the peculiarities of the strategy of the Belarusian leadership in the context of the cavid virus pandemic Kavid19 reduced the authority of the government; and the inconsistency of the official and actual results of the vote, the brutality of the dispersal of the first post-election protests caused mass outrage. Authorities considered and still consider the foreign factor to be the main reason for the protests. Many politicians and experts support the theory of Russian interference in Belarus. Solidarity of Belarusians is a new phenomenon of Belarus in recent history. In many respects it was able to manifest itself thanks to new forms of communication in society and fresh creative forms of activity: a chain of solidarity, walks and marches on avenues and streets, actions in residential areas, etc. The activity of women, pensioners and workers shows a change in their role in the political life of post-Soviet countries. And the support of the protests of other traditional and new professional groups testifies to the nationwide nature of the demonstrations. The lack of obvious socio-economic demands makes it possible to classify the Belarusian protests as political democratic revolutions, which can be conditionally called "Revolutions of Dignity". The most important result of the Belarusian protests is the discovery of the world of the Belarusian political nation. Despite the polarization and a certain division in society, there is a clear general demand for the sovereignty of Belarus by supporters of S. Tikhanovskaya and A. Lukashenko. Now all political forces will have to reckon with the factor of existence and active participation in the political process of the Belarusian political nation.

The Lyzohubs were Cossack chiefmen and at the same time a noble family, whose representatives have played a prominent and sometimes paramount role at different stages of state formation during the XVII-XX centuries within the territories that are now part of the modern Ukrainian state. Illya Lyzohub's personality (about 1720–1781), despite his high social status, has not been the subject of research by the academic community of historians. Indirectly, his biography was covered by genealogists G. A. Miloradovich, V. L. Modzalevskyi and V. V. Kryvosheya. O. M. Lazarevskyi, who studied the Lyzohubs family in general, managed to bring most of the facts about his life path into the scientific circulation. However, there were no more attempts made to summarize the data concerning Illya Lyzohub's life and activities in the national historiography. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to attempt to fill in the above mentioned lacuna, based on a wide range of written sources. Thus, on the basis of the methods of the so-called "new family history", socio-cultural transmissions and Illya Lyzohub's social ambitions as a representative of a chief Cossack family have been analysed. In the course of the study, interpersonal interactions between I. Lyzohub and Hetman K. G. Razumovsky, as well as Major General I. I. Golovin, have been studied. The latter are extremely important in the view of the analyzed genealogical relationship between Lyzohub and Golovin. Therefore, there is a reasonable opportunity to claim that Lizohubs are relatives of such writers with a worldwide name as A. S. Pushkin and L. M. Tolstoy. On the basis of memoirs and archival sources, it was possible to find information about most of Illya Lyzohub's places of residence, thus extending the geography of the study beyond the Hetmanate. Thus, the proposed article is, in its essence, the first biographical research of the life and activities of Illya Lyzohub.

The model and the logic of empirical research are determined. The experimental study of emotional competence is presented. A general description of the subjects is systematized. The results of the ascertaining experiment are presented. The author conducted her research in several directions. This approach allowed the researcher to present the quantitative characteristics of emotional intelligence on all scales and subscales in details. On this basis, the author makes a detailed qualitative analysis of the manifestation of the studied ability in future doctors. Besides, after conduction of the research, the author makes conclusion that students' ability to understand and manage other people's emotions and the ability to understand their own emotions and manage them are not formed enough. And these make impossible the success of the future professional activities of a doctor. The author makes conclusion that the development of emotional competence of students of medical universities can be formed by introducing special courses, educational and developmental training programs into the educational process. The correlation analysis allowed the author to empirically confirm the correct determination of the content of the basic components of the future doctor's emotional competence. Besides, it is proved that the parameters of the social, cognitive, regulatory, empathic components of emotional competence significantly correlate with each other. The received results confirmed that during first year medical students of the experimental and control groups have the same positions of the level of development of emotional competence. And any significant statistical differences in its manifestation were not found among students of the experimental and control groups. Moreover, the received results at ascertaining stage of the study showed the insufficient level of development of the components of emotional competence among students of medical faculty. This led to the creation of a program for the formation of the emotional competence of a future doctor in the process of training in a higher medical school

The article outlines theoretical developments in the field of stigmatization. The stages of development of stigmatization are given: selection and «marking» of the person which differs from conditional norm; assigning it negative qualities in accordance with the existing in this culture ideas about certain features; assigning it to a certain «category» that opposes society and further reducing the social status of this person. Attention is paid to the process of self-stigmatization – a person's awareness of the presence of a certain feature that distinguishes him from the majority, assimilation and application of myths about his «otherness», with further distancing from potential stigmatizers. This leads to a decrease in social status, self-esteem, which in turn increases stigma.

Two separate surveys were conducted; one among the general population, and the other about the peculiarities of the stigmatization of stigmatized minorities' own stigma was studied during a survey of LGBT and HIV activists. The total sample was 687, of whom 493 were the general population and 194 were members of stigmatized minorities. The display of stigmatization was investigated due to the prevalence of cyberbullying using different media channels. In total, 71 % of respondents were victims of cyberbullying (from isolated cases (49 %) to persistent harassment (4 %). The most common victims of cyberbullying are men, and among activists – HIV activists. Activists often face such acts of cyberbullying as insults in comments to news and on Twitter, threats on Facebook, intimidation on forums. Only 20 % of cyberbullying victims turned to various institutions to stop harassment.

The processes associated with the development of international tourism in the Baltic states , which are essential for the growth of economic, social and cultural well-being of the region. The processes of the creation of regional tourism development strategies in Eastern Europe. Provided a comprehensive description of recreational resources. The influence of global processes of globalization on the development of international tourism growth dynamics flow of foreign tourists and the changing patterns of tourist flow to the region. We consider systems of tourism resources and their spatial distribution in the Baltic States , regional specialization in various fields of international tourism. Investigated stages of conceptual travel image and overall regional tourism brand of the Baltic States . Receive the competitiveness of the region as a whole, and singled out the factors that contribute to the development of the tourism market of the Baltic States