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Der Autor beleuchtet die mit dem Dayton-Abkommen seitens der internationalen Gemeinschaft verbundenen Ziele und zeichnet die grundlegenden Schritte der westlichen Außenpolitik zur Lösung der Bosnienfrage nach. Wenngleich das Dayton-Abkommen der Region Frieden gebracht hat, so sind doch wesentliche Probleme ungelöst geblieben. In diesem Zusammenhang wird insbesondere die Trennung des Landes entlang ethnischen Grenzen hervorgehoben. Der Verfasser hält es für wenig wahrscheinlich, daß nach dem Abzug der Friedenstruppen ein funktionierender einheitlicher Staat in Bosnien-Herzegowina entstehen kann. Lediglich die vollständige Normalisierung der Beziehungen zwischen der Bundesrepublik Jugoslawien und Bosnien könnte die regionale Stabilität dauerhaft garantieren. (BIOst-Mrk)

The article is devoted to the study of communication processes in the public administration system. The feasibility of the study is confirmed by the fact that the global transformation of an industrial society into an information and communicative society that occurs in the modern world is accompanied not only by the rapid quantitative and qualitative transformation of the information sphere and the emergence and development of a completely new type of communicative structures and processes in all spheres of society, but and a profound rethinking of the communicative nature of social reality, modern changes in the social-communicative sphere, the place and role of communication in the development of society. As the content and structure of society, social organizations and institutions become more complex, the number of information increases (scientific, artistic, political, household, etc.). This inevitably leads to an increase in the importance of social communication in management processes, which are accompanied by a fundamental transformation not only of the technology but also of the social, sociocultural basis of the post-industrial, information society. Communication has acquired signs of the most important function of any system, including in the sphere of government, which is directly a product of human interaction, based on the achievement of mutual understanding and agreement, primarily due to communicative interactions. Communication processes are considered in the article as a key integrated system of state management of social processes in the country, the main translator of information between citizens and state institutions. According to the results of the work, the author emphasized that competent communication is one of the necessary conditions for successful government management, the effectiveness of which is comparable to the possession of advanced means of production.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the key characteristics of preemptive terms in civil law, civil, arbitration proceedings, as well as in tax law. The definition of preventive terms, as well as their legal features, are not enshrined in legislation. However, acts of the Federal Tax Service, judicial practice, civil and financial and legal doctrines recognize them as a specific type of terms for exercising both civil rights and the rights of participants in tax legal relations. The admissibility of the reception of the civilistic approach to the substantiation of the essence of the pretrial period in the tax process is substantiated. The author critically assesses the current judicial practice to justify the violation by the tax authorities of the deadlines for the exercise of power. It proves the presence of preventive deadlines in the tax process and the need for their strict observance by law enforcers. On the basis of doctrinal teachings and analysis of law enforcement acts, the main features of preclusive deadlines in the tax process and the goals of their legislative fixation have been developed. It has been revealed that it is advisable to establish the criteria for classifying a term as a preventive term from the analysis of the norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, which imperatively regulate the consequences of violating the terms. Such consequences lead to the termination of the right of the tax authority to exercise its powers and to carry out the relevant legally enshrined procedural actions. The necessity of further study of the institute of terms in the tax process is substantiated. The task of the science of tax law, and subsequently the legislator, is argued, to develop and fix the legal regime of preventive deadlines in the tax process.

In dem Beitrag versucht der Autor zu zeigen, daß die "Ethnisierung" des Transformationsprozesses in Osteuropa die Folge des Wirkens einer Reihe von quasi-"natürlichen" Faktoren ist, die sich im Verhalten strategisch rationaler Akteure spiegeln und die nicht einfach zu ändern sind, und daß es äußerst schwierig ist, universale institutionelle und konstitutionelle Formen zu finden, die die Grundlage für das friedliche Zusammenleben ethnischer Gruppen in den osteuropäischen Staaten schaffen könnten. Der Autor nimmt eine generelle Typisierung ethnischer Konflikte vor und benennt und analysiert darauf aufbauend eine Reihe von Gründen, aus denen heraus die Machthaber in den osteuropäischen Staaten ihren Ethnozentrismus jeweils begründen. (BIOst-Mrk)