This paper highlights the findings of the experimental phonetic research of the syntagma realization in the speeches of U.S. Armed Forces high-ranking female officers. The results have been interpreted in comparison with the speeches of high-ranking male officers. The temporal component of prosody is one of the main means of the information structure actualization of the English discourse. It influences the structural semantic character of the utterance. Temporal realization of syntagmas helps the listener to reveal and perceive the information focus of the speech. It also reflects the emotional state of the speaker. This paper states that the syntagmas in the female officers` speeches are shorter than those in the male officers` speeches, their duration correlates with the faster tempo perception, and depends on the syntagmas location within a speech. It is defined that the syntagma temporal realisation in English military discourse is not gender conditioned, and is stipulated by the situation where the discourse is being developed, as well as by the individual features of the speaker. The research proves the importance of further study of prosodic elements of high-ranking female officers` speeches to reveal the gender conditioned features of the military discourse.
The article focuses on the results of the experimental phonetic research of the prosodic features that help to intensify the speech of a high-ranking female officer of the US Armed Forces. Effective communication in the military sphere depends on proper combination of prosodic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of the military discourse which is characterized by its rigid structure, clearness and absence of ambiguity. It is proven that the main elements of prosody, such as melody, dynamics and temporal characteristics help to reveal and apprehend the key words of the utterance that carry the main sense of the latter, and organize its structural elements. According to the results of this research, the realizations of the key words of the utterance are marked by falling tones, decreasing tempo, increasing loudness and the use of middle-length pauses that help to attract the addressee's attention. This research highlights the importance of studying the prosodic features of high-ranking female officers' speeches in comparison with those of high-ranking male officers to reveal gender features of prosodic organization of the military discourse.Keywords: prosody, intonation, key words, gender studies, communicative act, utterance, military discourse. ; У статті наведено результати дослідження просодичних засобів інтенсифікації висловлень жінки-військовослужбовця вищого офіцерського складу збройних сил США. Доведено, що просодія допомагає підкреслювати ключові слова, які несуть основне смислове навантаження висловлювання, і сприяє досягненню адресантом певних прагматичних цілей у процесі комунікації.Ключові слова: просодія, інтонація, ключові слова, ґендерна лінгвістика, комунікативний акт, мовлення, військовий дискурс. В статье приведены результаты исследования просодических средств интенсификации высказываний женщины-военнослужащего высшего офицерского состава вооруженных сил США. Доказано, что просодия помогает подчеркивать ключевые слова, которые несут основную смысловую нагрузку высказывания, и способствует достижению адресантом определенных прагматических целей в процессе коммуникации.Ключевые слова: просодия, интонация, ключевые слова, гендерная лингвистика, коммуникативный акт, речь, военный дискурс. The article focuses on the results of the experimental phonetic research of the prosodic features that help to intensify the speech of a high-ranking female officer of the US Armed Forces. Effective communication in the military sphere depends on proper combination of prosodic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of the military discourse which is characterized by its rigid structure, clearness and absence of ambiguity. It is proven that the main elements of prosody, such as melody, dynamics and temporal characteristics help to reveal and apprehend the key words of the utterance that carry the main sense of the latter, and organize its structural elements. According to the results of this research, the realizations of the key words of the utterance are marked by falling tones, decreasing tempo, increasing loudness and the use of middle-length pauses that help to attract the addressee's attention. This research highlights the importance of studying the prosodic features of high-ranking female officers' speeches in comparison with those of high-ranking male officers to reveal gender features of prosodic organization of the military discourse.Keywords: prosody, intonation, key words, gender studies, communicative act, utterance, military discourse.
This paper highlights the findings of the experimental phonetic research of the syntagma realization in the speeches of U.S. Armed Forces high-ranking female officers. The results have been interpreted in comparison with the speeches of high-ranking male officers. The temporal component of prosody is one of the main means of the information structure actualization of the English discourse. It influences the structural semantic character of the utterance. Temporal realization of syntagmas helps the listener to reveal and perceive the information focus of the speech. It also reflects the emotional state of the speaker. This paper states that the syntagmas in the female officers` speeches are shorter than those in the male officers` speeches, their duration correlates with the faster tempo perception, and depends on the syntagmas location within a speech. It is defined that the syntagma temporal realization in English military discourse is not gender conditioned, and is stipulated by the situation where the discourse is being developed, as well as by the individual features of the speaker. The research proves the importance of further study of prosodic elements of high-ranking female officers` speeches to reveal the gender conditioned features of the military discourse.Key words: prosody, temporal component, syntagma, duration, gender studies, communicative act, speech, military discourse. ; У статті наведено результати дослідження темпоральної реалізації синтагми в англомовних промовах жінки-військовослужбовця вищого офіцерського складу збройних сил США у порівнянні із промовами чоловіка-військовослужбовця. Доведено, що темпоральна реалізація синтагм в англомовній військовій промові не є гендерно зумовленою і залежить від ситуації спілкування, умов розгортання дискурсу та індивідуальних осо- бливостей мовця.Ключові слова: просодія, темпоральний компонент, синтагма, тривалість, гендерна лінгвістика, комунікативний акт, мовлення, військовий дискурс. В статье представлены результаты исследования темпоральной реализации синтагм в англоязычных речах женщины-военнослужащей высшего офицерского состава вооруженных сил США в сравнении с речами мужчины-военнослужащего. Доказано, что темпоральная реализация синтагм в англоязычной военной речи не является гендернообусловленной и зависит от ситуации общения, условий, в которых разворачивается дискурс, а также индивидуальных особенностей говорящего.Ключевые слова: просодия, темпоральный компонент, синтагма, длительность, гендерная лингвистика, коммуникативный акт, речь, военный дискурс. This paper highlights the findings of the experimental phonetic research of the syntagma realization in the speeches of U.S. Armed Forces high-ranking female officers. The results have been interpreted in comparison with the speeches of high-ranking male officers. The temporal component of prosody is one of the main means of the information structure actualization of the English discourse. It influences the structural semantic character of the utterance. Temporal realization of syntagmas helps the listener to reveal and perceive the information focus of the speech. It also reflects the emotional state of the speaker. This paper states that the syntagmas in the female officers` speeches are shorter than those in the male officers` speeches, their duration correlates with the faster tempo perception, and depends on the syntagmas location within a speech. It is defined that the syntagma temporal realization in English military discourse is not gender conditioned, and is stipulated by the situation where the discourse is being developed, as well as by the individual features of the speaker. The research proves the importance of further study of prosodic elements of high-ranking female officers` speeches to reveal the gender conditioned features of the military discourse.Key words: prosody, temporal component, syntagma, duration, gender studies, communicative act, speech, military discourse.
Ірландський варіант англійської мови характеризується ситуацією двомовності, в якій проявляється вплив англійської мови, а також загальними тенденціями розвитку, притаманними національному і регіональним варіантам англійської мови. ; Для ирландского варианта английского языка характерна ситуация двуязычия, в которой проявляется влияние английского языка, а также общие тенденции развития, свойственные национальному варианту и региональным вариантам английского языка. ; Bilinguism in Ireland is a historical process which has influenced the development of the Irish variant of English. In this process there were developed strong political cultural and economic ties, however England has always dominated, and thus influenced differences between two languages – English and Irish. In the bilingual situation, both general tendencies of the development of the national language and the English influence are revealed in the Irish variant of the English language. These differenced occur on both segmental and supersegmental levels. On the segmental level such characteristic features as absence of long vowel phonemes, monophthongization of diphthongs, lengthening of vowels in unstressed position. Domineering position of Rising terminal tone is the common feature of Irish prosody, which in combination with high level of final syllables create a reliable marker of Irish speakers regional identity.
Bilinguism in Ireland is a historical process which has influenced the development of the Irish variant of English. In this process there were developed strong political cultural and economic ties, however England has always dominated, and thus influenced differences between two languages – English and Irish. In the bilingual situation, both general tendencies of the development of the national language and the English influence are revealed in the Irish variant of the English language. These differenced occur on both segmental and supersegmental levels. On the segmental level such characteristic features as absence of long vowel phonemes, monophthongization of diphthongs, lengthening of vowels in unstressed position. Domineering position of Rising terminal tone is the common feature of Irish prosody, which in combination with high level of final syllables create a reliable marker of Irish speakers regional identity. ; Для ирландского варианта английского языка характерна ситуация двуязычия, в которой проявляется влияние английского языка, а также общие тенденции развития, свойственные национальному варианту и региональным вариантам английского языка. ; Ірландський варіант англійської мови характеризується ситуацією двомовності, в якій проявляється вплив англійської мови, а також загальними тенденціями розвитку, притаманними національному і регіональним варіантам англійської мови.
The article highlights the findings of the experimental phonetic research of the pausal organization of the speeches of high-ranking female officers of the US Armed Forces. The results have been interpreted in comparison with the speeches of high-ranking male officers. As an important element of discourse temporal organization the pause helps to organize the structure of a military speech, reveal and apprehend its key elements, gives the speaker an opportunity to attract the listeners' attention and have an influence on them. The pausal organization of the analysed military speeches of both gender groups is characterized by extra-short pauses, wide usage of pscychological and hesitation pauses. The average duration of extra-short, short, middle, long and extra-long pauses in the speeches of both gender groups is equal. The pausation coefficient of the analyzed speeches of male officers is insignificantly higher than the one of female officers. It is stated that the pausal organization of military speeches doesn't depend on gender features. This research highlights the importance to study other prosodic elements of high-ranking female officers' speeches to reveal the gender conditioned prosodic features of the military discourse. ; У статті наведено результати дослідження паузної організації англомовних промов жінок-військовослужбовців вищого офіцерського складу збройних сил США у порівнянні з промовами чоловіків-військовослужбовців. Доведено, що паузне оформлення англомовної військової промови не є гендернозумовленим і залежить від ситуації спілкування, умов розгортання дискурсу та індивідуальних особливостей мовця.Ключові слова: просодія, пауза, коефіцієнт паузації, гендерна лінгвістика, комунікативний акт, мовлення, військовий дискурс.В статье предложены результаты исследования паузной организации речей женщин-военнослужащих высшего офицерского состава вооруженных сил США в сравнении с речами мужчин-военнослужащих. Доказано, что паузное оформление англоязычной военной речи не является гендернообусловленным и зависит от ситуации общения, условий, в которых разворачивается дискурс, а также индивидуальных особенностей говорящего.Ключевые слова: просодия, пауза, коэффициент паузации, гендерная лингвистика, коммуникативный акт, речь, военный дискурс.The article highlights the findings of the experimental phonetic research of the pausal organization of the speeches of high-ranking female officers of the US Armed Forces. The results have been interpreted in comparison with the speeches of high-ranking male officers. As an important element of discourse temporal organization the pause helps to organize the structure of a military speech, reveal and apprehend its key elements, gives the speaker an opportunity to attract the listeners' attention and have an influence on them. The pausal organization of the analysed military speeches of both gender groups is characterized by extra-short pauses, wide usage of pscychological and hesitation pauses. The average duration of extra-short, short, middle, long and extra-long pauses in the speeches of both gender groups is equal. The pausation coefficient of the analyzed speeches of male officers is insignificantly higher than the one of female officers. It is stated that the pausal organization of military speeches doesn't depend on gender features. This research highlights the importance to study other prosodic elements of high-ranking female officers' speeches to reveal the gender conditioned prosodic features of the military discourse.Key words: prosody, pause, coefficient of pausation, gender studies, speech, military discourse.
