Search results

The article analyzes the main aspects of social protection of the population in the system of state guarantees. The following proposed definition of "social protection" is a set of principles, rules, methods, economic, legal, and social guarantees that ensure compliance with the most important social rights, minimally adequate living conditions, and meeting the needs of supporting livelihoods of various social groups. The following determinants of the socio-economic content of social protection are highlighted: it provides for the mandatory participation of the state through a minimally defined level of state support for certain categories of the population who have experienced social risks and find themselves in a situation where their standard of living and well-being is lower than the average level of security in society; the presence of certain indicators of the standard of living, which are recognized by the state and society and mean the realization of a person's constitutional rights to a dignified life; the existence of a system of social standards that relate not only to the realization of certain rights of an individual, but also to the provision of the realization of such rights by the state; an active model of relations between society, the individual and the state in the process of preventing the occurrence of social risks and overcoming their negative consequences, which is most often revealed through insurance relations; the presence of an established system of mechanisms for the implementation by the state of its guarantees and obligations in the field of social protection, which is revealed through the practical use of social policy tools. Conclusions were made that social protection is an object of public management, and in order for the goals and objectives of such protection to be achieved as much as possible, it is necessary to develop effective power- management solutions and effective mechanisms.

Due to the more frequent occurrence of disasters in the last few decades and the increasing severity of their consequences, more financial and material resources should be provided to help victims and to restore damaged facilities. In this regard specific measures were discussed about preparing a budget for disaster protection in the private and public sectors, as well as activities in this field in various countries.

It was consider the concept and the basic forms of social security of the population. Made a statistical analysis of the elements of social protection of the population of Ukraine, which are determined by indicators such as the cost of living, minimum and average wages, income level, and which have been adjusted by a factor of inflation. It has been established that the social protection of the poorest segments of the population meets the minimum standards established by the legislation of Ukraine. The basic problems of social protection of the population of Ukraine, namely the poverty of the working population. Analyzed the expectations of the population in terms of income and found that nearly 50% of the population feels poor. Poverty was established as one of the limiting factors of socio-economic development of Ukraine's population. The basic directions of social protection of the population in order to prevent threats and potential problems such as: ensuring the implementation of state social programs aimed at solving priority social problems in the regions, improving the quality of the development strategy of regional development of regional policy focus on sustainable socio-economic development and self-development region, effective implementation of the regional program to promote entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility, the social organization of monitoring the activities of state and regional bodies and local authorities, of the search for new effective innovative mechanisms to overcome the social problems of depressed areas. ; Розглянуто поняття та основні форми соціальної безпеки населення. Зроблено статистичний аналіз елементів системи соціального захисту населення України, які визначаються такими показниками, як прожитковий мінімум, мінімальна та середня заробітна плата, рівень доходів, та які були скореговані за допомогою індексу інфляції. Встановлено, що соціальний захист найменш забезпечених верств населення відповідає мінімальним нормам, встановленим законодавством України. Виявлено основні проблеми соціального захисту населення України, а саме бідність працездатного населення. Проаналізовано очікування населення щодо рівня доходів та виявлено, що майже 50 % населення відчуває себе бідними. Встановлено бідність як один із стримуючих чинників соціально-економічного розвитку населення України. Виокремлено основні напрямки забезпечення соціальної захисту населення з метою запобігання загроз і можливих негараздів серед яких: забезпечення виконання державних соціальних програм, спрямованих на вирішення пріоритетних соціальних проблем регіонів, поліпшення якості розробки стратегій регіонального розвитку, забезпечення орієнтації регіональної політики на сталість соціально-економічного розвитку та саморозвиток регіону, запровадження ефективної регіональної програми сприяння розвитку підприємництва та соціальної відповідальності бізнесу, організація соціального моніторингу діяльності державних та регіональних органів та органів місцевого самоврядування, здійснення пошуку нових ефективних нетрадиційних механізмів подолання соціальних проблем депресивних територій.

Introduction. Under conditions of total impoverishment of the population, the problem of its social protection is becoming increasingly relevance. Low wages, high utility tariffs, a significant number of beneficiaries, disparities between the minimum and maximum pension are the reasons of social tension in society. An effective system of social protection must ensure a decent standard of living and prevent new social conflicts. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to discuss the theoretical aspects of social protection, the study of the dynamics and interconnection of state social standards in Ukraine and the features of social protection in the Volyn region. In accordance with the set goal, the following research objectives have been identified: to reveal modern problems of social protection in Ukraine; analyze the dynamics of state social standards; to study the features of social protection in the Volyn region. Results. The analysis of the dynamics of state social standards showed their increase in the national currency, but in dollar terms only the minimum wage increased, and the subsistence level decreased, which led to a general trend of decreasing the ratio of the subsistence minimum to the minimum wage. Thus, from 2010 to 2021, the dollar against the hryvnia increased 3.54 times, the subsistence level 2.65 times, and the minimum wage 6.5 times. That is, in dollar terms, there was an increase in the minimum wage from $ 116 in 2010 to $ 212 (+ 83.7%) in 2021 and a decrease in the subsistence level from $ 103 in 2010 to $ 77 (-25.1%) in 2021. This situation is explained by the outstripping growth of the minimum wage compared to the subsistence level, due to the interest of public authorities in increasing revenues from the single social contribution (22% to the wage fund), and unwillingness to increase social costs tied to the subsistence level. It should be noted a significant decline in state social standards in dollar terms in 2015-2016, in particular the minimum wage decreased by 43% and 23% respectively, and the subsistence level decreased by 49% and 25% respectively, due to significant inflationary processes caused by changes in political situation, the annexation of Crimea and the start of hostilities in the east. Conclusions. Social protection of the population is the main function of the state and requires redistribution of income in order to ensure social harmony. The basis for overcoming poverty in the country should be to increase the share of the middle class in society, only this will have a lasting effect and bring the country out of social crisis. The size of state social standards is a matter of concern, as they are currently the lowest in Europe. This causes a significant amount of social benefits, including subsidies, increases social tensions in society and leads to a significant outflow of labor. Changes to the procedure for providing housing subsidies defined by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of 14.04.2021 № 420 significantly limited and complicated the procedure for obtaining it, which led to panic among the population, long queues to local departments of social policy and increased public dissatisfaction with the existing pricing system for housing and communal services. In order to improve the well-being of citizens, it is necessary to: form a strategy to overcome poverty in the country; redirect funds from subsidizing the population to increase the minimum wage; to change the principles of pricing for housing and communal services in the direction of their reduction, through structural changes in the gas and electricity market; review the size and procedure for forming the subsistence level; abolish special pensions, ensuring a gap between the minimum and maximum pensions of no more than five times, replace the system of benefits with targeted payments. ; У статті розглянуто сучасні проблеми соціального захисту в Україні. Проаналізовано динаміку держаних соціальних стандартів за останнє десятиріччя у національній валюті та доларовому еквіваленті. Відмічено наявні тенденції збільшення мінімальної заробітної плати та зменшення прожиткового мінімуму в доларовому еквіваленті. Розраховано динаміку співвідношення прожиткового мінімуму до мінімальної заробітної плати, виявлено її негативну тенденцію та пояснено причини виникнення. Досліджено особливості соціального захисту у Волинській області, розглянуто систему субсидій та пільг на оплату житлово-комунальних послуг, виплату державної соціальної допомоги, санаторно-курортне оздоровлення, пільгове забезпечення тощо. Сформовано пріоритетні напрями реструктуризації системи соціального захисту, з метою покращення її ефективності та адресності.

The subject of the work the conditions, characteristics and trends of creation of effective system of social protection of the population. The aim of this work is to study the main directions of state social policy in the context of integration processes. The methodology of work. The work is done on the basis of studies of modern scientific views on the definition of the nature and development of social protection and social policy in Ukraine under conditions of integration processes. The results of the work. The article is devoted to social protection issues in the context of social policy, because the main objective of this policy is improving the welfare and the promotion of comprehensive state protection of the intellectual potential of society, given the characteristics of integration processes. Assessed the status and trends of development of financial provision of social protection in Ukraine and assess its compliance with the European norms and standards. Formulated proposals for the development of system of financial provision of social protection in Ukraine in the context of processes of European integration. Conclusions. The analysis of current formations of the essence of the term "social protection" have shown that it is interpreted by scientists around the same, this implies a system of measures which compensate for the social inequality of citizens, to ensure equal access of every person to a certain minimum of social benefits, to protect every individual against social risks, which always have a place in human life. Ascertained the need and trends of gradual reform of the social protection system in Ukraine with the aim of as close as possible to her baseline conditions in the relevant international norms and standards embodied in ILO instruments and European Union, which are designed to guarantee a decent life to every person upon the occurrence of the relevant social risks regardless of gender, age, duration of stay in a particular country.

Relevance of research. Ukraine, according to its Constitution, is a social state, whose activities are aimed at creating conditions that ensure a dignified life and free human development. The evolution of such state occurs through the implementation of a social function, the meaning of which is to provide guarantees of a social nature, social protection, social attending, social partnership and the like. Formulation of the problem. With the implementation of socio-economic reforms in Ukraine in the early 90s, the system of providing social services to the population has undergone major changes. In Soviet times, social services were provided in the social security system in stationary institutions: nursing homes, orphanages, boarding schools (hospitals) for neuropsychiatric patients, etc. In terms of their goals and content, they were aimed at helping those categories of the population who could not independently serve themselves through loneliness, orphanhood, severe disability or illness. The transition to a market economic system, a sharp increase in the number of citizens in need of social protection in the early 90s, forced the state and the institution of local self-government, which appeared during the reforms, to rethink the role of social services in human life and the organization of their provision. Networks of state and municipal institutions began to be created, designed to provide specialized social assistance, which made it possible to form a new system of social attending for the population. The rapid growth of the population's needs for social services, their impact on the dynamics of the development of society and the nature of social relations, forced to take care of the financial sources for the provision of such services. However, this issue has not yet been finally resolved. The market economy requires the creation of a multi-channel system for financing of social protection of the population. Analysis of recent research and publications. Modern research on social attending are often carried out in the context of social policy, social work, or social assistance. Among foreign scientists studying social issues are T. E. Demidova, G. Inglehart, E. E. Machulskaya, V. Pareto, V. D. Roick, R. Titmus, E. I. Kholostova, S. Eisebi, L. Erhard, G. Esping-Andersen and many others. Among the latest publications of domestic authors, scientific articles should be named: S. A. Gorbunova-Ruban and I. M. Vitkovskaya, who analyze the activities of public organizations as subjects of the provision of social services in the city of Kharkov. К. Dubich research is dedicated to the issues of state management of social services; I. V. Meschan considers social services as a component of the system of social protection of the population from the standpoint of the sociological and managerial aspect and covers in detail the theoretical approaches to the concepts of "service" and "social service"; Popok A. and Greby G. make a structural and functional analysis of the system of social services in Ukraine; Rotar V. explores modern approaches to understanding the content of the category "social services"; Savchuk L. analyzes the reforming of the system of social services in the context of decentralization and some others. The financial aspects of social services are highlighted along with other issues of financial provision of social protection of the population. Unexplored parts of the general problem. Despite the number of works on social protection and social attending, it should be noted that the evolution of social protection, economic reforms in the country encourage further study of theoretical foundations and search for financial sources of social services, taking into account the difficult financial situation of the economy and implementation strategic course of Ukraine for European integration. Many questions of theoretical and methodological nature remain open. Problem statement, research objectives. The purpose of the article is to highlight the unsolved problems of social attending in Ukraine of a theoretical, methodological and financial nature, as well as to present the author's vision of their solution. To achieve the goal, the article sets and solves the following tasks: to analyze the theoretical and methodological foundations of social attending (services) for the population as one of the important elements of the social security system; to identify the features of the domestic model of financial provision of social attending; to determine the prospects for social attending in Ukraine. Method and methodology of the study. During the study, historical, analytical-empirical, inductive-deductive, comparative research methods were used to establish the theoretical and methodological foundations of social services in Ukraine, as well as to clarify some issues of financial support of the existing model of the system of social services in Ukraine. The method of expert assessments, the causal (cause-and-effect) method of scientific research were used for understanding of the state of the modern system of social services in Ukraine and to determine the directions for further research in this area. The results of study. The paper examines the theoretical, methodological and financial aspects of social attending, shows its structural and logical scheme, developed by the authors. It has been established that in economic theory and in practice concerning social attending there is confusion in basic concepts and terms. It is, first, because in Ukraine there is still no single normative legal act that would clearly define all controversial issues and regulate legal relations between the state and citizens on the issues of receiving various types of social assistance. It is argued that the concept of "social attending" should not be replaced by the concept of "provision of social services". It means the performance of work, functions related to the satisfaction of someone's requests or needs, so in its content is a broader concept, as it involves the creation of conditions for the development of social capital. Social attending is an independent element of the system of social protection of the population; it includes the provision of social services. The structural and logical scheme of social services is presented. It is shown that the system of social services in Ukraine is constantly in the process of modernization in accordance with the new needs of citizens and modern world approaches to social attending. Several approaches of scientists to social attending are analyzed. It is argued that in recent years, due to the war in the East of the country and the need to fight coronavirus infection during the 2020-2021 pandemic. There was a reorientation of spending on social protection and social security in favor of social attending, namely, the provision of social services to the population, as well as an increase in the remuneration of workers involved in this process. It was found that local budgets and the budgets of the united territorial communities became a significant factor in financial support in the context of the decentralization reform. The article presents the parameters of the provision of social services by united territorial communities (UTC). It is forms a general idea of the resource potential of UTC within certain regions and how actively they are involved in the process of social services to their residents. It is found out why the pilot project "Development of social services", intended for the development of social services of the UTC, failed in 2020. The assessments of domestic experts in the field of social attending were studied, which made it possible to form an idea of the advantages and disadvantages of the existing system of social services. Possible ways of its improvement are outlined. The creation of a multichannel financing system is named as a feature of financial support for social protection of the population, including social services. The authors note that budget funding should be allocated on a competitive basis, and a contract should be concluded with the winner for the provision of services at the expense of the budget. The mission of the state in this matter is to control the quality of social services, the timeliness and targeting of their provision, the targeted and rational use of funds. The provision of social services should be carried out on a competitive basis. The field of results application. The research results can be used in theory and practice in the field of social services. The indicated shortcomings of the existing system for the provision of social services and their analysis will be a useful source of information for developing ways to improve the domestic model of financial support for the provision of social services to the population of Ukraine. Conclusions. The study of the theoretical, methodological and financial aspects of social attending in Ukraine gives grounds to draw the following conclusions. Despite the adoption of a number of regulatory documents defining the concept of "social services", there is confusion in economic theory and in practice on the use of basic concepts and terms. It is because Ukraine still does not have a single regulatory legal act that would clearly define all these points and regulate the legal relationship between the state and citizens regarding the receipt of various types of social assistance. The concept of "social services" should not be replaced by the concept of "provision of social services". Social attending means the performance of work, functions related to the satisfaction of someone's needs or needs. Therefore, in its content, it is a broader concept, since it implies the creation of conditions for the development of social capital, and not only the provision of social services to vulnerable categories of the population or citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation. This term should designate one of the elements of the social protection system of the population, which is engaged in the provision of social services. The system of social services in Ukraine is constantly in the process of renewal and modernization in accordance with the new needs of citizens and modern world approaches to social services. The adoption of the new edition of the Law "On social services" and the classifier of social services is an important step towards reforming the system of social services. A feature of the financial provision of social attending in a market economy is the creation of a multichannel financing system. It means that various subjects of the social services market should be involved in the provision of services, and the state should exercise control over their quality, targeted and rational use of funds, timeliness and targeting of their provision. The mission of the state in this matter is to help service providers financially on a competitive basis. The existing system for the provision of social services has a number of shortcomings. It still remains distant from the real needs of a specific person who needs social protection, so it cannot yet be considered effective. Prospects for further research should be conducted in the direction of deepening theoretical research in the following areas: A clearer definition of the economic and legal content of categories and concepts in the in the social security system; Development of the Social Code of Ukraine; Improvement of the domestic model of financial support for the in the social security system, including social attending for the population, for the delineation of financial powers between providers of social services, as well as the development of a methodology for assessing the financial efficiency of the provision of social services.