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Yu Luojin achieved instant notoriety in 1980 with the publication of her scarcely-fictionalized autobiographical story "A winter's fairy tale". It is essentially the story of Yu Luojin's tragic experience during the Cultural Revolution. This story triggered a debate in China about the nature of love, marriage and the morality of divorce. After a brief sketch of Yu Luojin's life, the author discusses and examines this debate

From Weber to Ellul, the neglect of ethics and normative discourse in public organizational decision-making has been an enduring theme in bureaucratic theory. A number of contemporary public administration theorists have begun to search for a solution by turning to recent developments in ethics, political philosophy, jurisprudence, and the philosophy of science. An important theme in these efforts has been an attempt to present an alternative decision model capable of integrating both facts and values. As an extension of this line of investigation, the purpose of this article is to suggest a methodological framework for such a model developed from the informal logic of practical reason. Presented as a logic of questions that systematically integrate empirical and normative judgments, the framework is designed to serve as a rational-analytic guide for the evaluation of organizational decisions.

The argument that analytical philosophy should be the working philosophy of public administration is premature. Since the primary loyalty of public administrators must be to the "American regime values," rather than to elected officials, an ability to do moral philosophy is the necessary foundation upon which all public administration education must be based. Specifically, it is indispensable to the correct exercise of the discretionary powers of public administrators.

S'il est un trait caractéristique de notre époque, c'est qu'on dénonce toujours la violence sans réellement la définir et qu'on met sous ce terme des phénomènes pour le moins hétérogènes. Il en ressort que la violence est le mal social, qu'elle est transgression non seulement de lois écrites mais encore de normes profondes d'une socialite considérée comme valeur positive, du consensus social, tabou dans nos sociétés démocratiques. Faute d'une définition préalable, qui se devrait d'être exhaustive, du bien et du mal, la définition de la violence, son étude scientifique restent impossibles. Ce qui, en revanche, est objectivable et étudiable, c'est la prolifération de la violence, le volume croissant du discours sur elle, de sa dénonciation. Les auteurs, à propos d'une situation de violence collective, mettent en évidence l'utilisation par l'Etat de l'étiquette violence comme arme idéologique et, dans le public, des attitudes qui vont de l'incompréhension radicale à une certaine compréhension en passant par la victimisation du violent et la fascination par la violence. Toutes ces attitudes sont ambivalentes. La valorisation de la violence existe mais, refoulée, elle n'apparaît qu'indirectement.

In the confines of the study of politics, public policy analysis involves a shift from pure to applied research, thus intensifying the problem of the fact-value split inherited from positivist behavioralism. While early public policy literature concentrated on empirical policy-making processes, bypassing moral criteria, Duncan MacRae, Jr. (The Social Function of Social Science, Yale University Press, 1976) & Jurgen Habermas (Toward a Rational Society: Student Protest, Science, and Politics, Shapiro, Jeremy [Tr], Beacon Press, 1970; Legitimation Crisis, McCarthy, Thomas [Tr], Beacon Press, 1975) have elaborated on policy making & evaluation as a type of normative inquiry. According to Habermas, policy evaluation requires a critically reflective "practical discourse" open not only to experts or policy analysts but to the public at large. Such discourse is argued to be a valuable remedy for the technical-instrumental bent of applied science, but recovery of a fully noninstrumental "practical" judgment presupposes an evaluation not only of concrete policies but of the status of policy itself. Modified HA.