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"The aim of this paper is to introduce one of the classical sociological research conducted by Paul F. Lazarsfeld and Elihu Katz in the city of Decatur (Illinois) in the Midwest of United States in 1955. The subject of the research was nonformal everyday interpersonal influence in areas of marketing, fashion, public affairs and movie going and the object was the population of women older 16 years (n = 718). By means of indicators of life cycle, social status and gregariousness the research report describes the profiles of opinion leaders in given areas and provides an answer to question if the two step flow of communication hypotheses is applicable in mentioned spheres of social life." (author's abstract)

The survey Values and Society During the Covid-19 Pandemic (HODYSE 2020) was designed and conducted by researchers at the Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences to obtain up-to-date data on public opinion in six thematic areas: social trust, politics and democracy, conspiracy theories, vaccination, environment and leisure.
The year 2020 was a year of significant socio-political changes. Since the beginning of the year, the most important topic in the public debate and in the media has been the global pandemic of COVID-19 disease. The pandemic became a central issue of both the ending and the new government after the parliamentary elections in February 2020.
Findings from opinion polls have allowed us to capture how a pandemic has changed the traditional view of values, and how traditionally examined values have taken on new meanings. The data also document the severity of the pandemic situation during which the research was conducted (November 2020). In this context, the topics that resonated most in the public debate on COVID-19 were addressed - questions about vaccination, health concerns and the economic situation of respondents, or compliance with the measures.

Based on the gubernatorial elections of Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2007,2012, and 2017 that it has some primordial aspects played a role running local democratic mechanism. Due to the aspects it is important to track people choice trend which is related to primordial sentiment concideration in choosing their political interests. This paper also discussed about voters responses in determining their political interests based on primordial sentiment aspects in gubernatorial election 2017. This research used public opinion survey where the respondents was selected randomly with multistage random sampling procedure. Data was analyzed using statistic descriptive analysis method by showing frequency graphic to explain localized sentimental dynamics in Bangka Belitung. The research showed that the primordial sentiment trend has still become concideration and it is around 65,5% of voters in Bangka Belitung choosed by concidering the primordial sentiment. The comparison between voters in Bangka and in Belitung can be concluded that voters in Belitung are more sentiment in concidering their political candidates which tend to vote local man than voters in Bangka. Keywords: Election, Primordial

This paper a study political education to meet presidential elections and vice president of the republic of Indonesia of 2019 in fatsun democracy Pancasila and a deliberative.The results show that in fatsun democracy Pancasila and a deliberative, found the practical discursus, formation public opinion and political aspirations the community, and sovereignty the populace as procedural as the owner of and holder sovereignty highest dealt with in constitutional in Indonesia and can control government decisions that was formed through elections.Political education is a means of to understand rights and obligations and the responsibilities of a citizen in our nation and state, besides the responsibility of presidents and vice president of the republic of Indonesia was elected to carry power as the mandate. The responsibility of in education politics it is it is an obligation of a political party, KPU-Bawaslu, and all elements of the community with the aim of an increase in the understanding of the related the vision mission presidential candidates and a vice president been attained by Indonesia in discursus the public which had bought in accordance with idee and aim of the Indonesia state that is to date it has not yet been attained.

The paper analyzes the analysis of the National Digital Literacy Movement (GNLD) from the perspective of good governance with qualitative methods. This analysis is motivated by the pros and cons of GNLD. Those who view this movement as good at fighting hoaxes, fake news, fake news or other negative content that are judged by the wider community. Meanwhile, those who assess the assessment, this movement is an attempt by the government to lead public opinion to legitimize and silence voices criticizing government policies. Analysis of the conclusions of GNLD in the perspective of good governance that GNLD is a government effort to provide security services as well as members of the public in surfing in cyberspace. ; Tulisan ini hendak menganalisis Gerakan Nasional Literasi Digital (GNLD) dari perspektif Good Governance dengan metode kualitatif. Analisis ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pro dan kontra terhadap GNLD. Pihak yang pro memandang gerakan ini bagus untuk melawan hoaks, berita palsu, berita bohong maupun konten-konten negatif lainnya yang beredar di masyarakat luas. Sementara yang kontra menilai, gerakan ini sebagai upaya pemerintah untuk menggiring opini publik untuk melegitimasi dan membungkam suara-suara yang mengkritik kebijakan pemerintah. Simpulan analisis GNLD dalam perspektif good governance bahwa GNLD merupakan upaya pemerintah untuk memberikan layanan keamanan sekaligus memberdayakan masyarakat dalam berselancar di dunia maya.

Numerous studies have confi rmed that caring for small children is still the domain of women in Slovakia. Maternity as such is considered the natural and expected role of women and is part of the construction of femininity in Slovak society. At the same time, it is expected and routine that Slovak women participate in the labour market, and the prevailing form of employment is full-time work. This complicates efforts to harmonise work with the need to care for a small child. It is not just the country's legislative and institutional framework that shape notions about caring for small children; they are also influenced by the views and attitudes of society towards this issue. The image of a good mother is constructed, and women then try to approximate it when performing their maternal role. The prevailing ideal is of a mother who devotes herself full-time to caring for a child for the first three years of the child's life. The author of this article focuses on the context surrounding the construction of the image of a good mother as one who cares for her child until the age of three, and examines how the image of the good mother is reflected in the opinions of women on returning to work and on work/life balance. The data in this analysis are drawn from public opinion polls about early childcare and the reality of caring for small children in Slovakia and from in-depth interviews with mothers of small children. The mothers are aware of the views of society, refl ect on them, and many try to fulfil them so that they are perceived as 'good' and not 'inadequate' mothers.

Audit opinion is an important information required by financial information users. This opinion could influence the decision made by the investors and other stakeholders. The research on the factors affecting audit opinion is still limited in public organization, especially in Central Government. Therefore, this study try to investigate the factors affecting the audit opinion in Indonesia Central Government. The study use the agency theory to explain what factor affecting the going concern audit opinion. By using 92 Ministry and Institutions in Central Government, data of 2012 financial report, and logistic regression. We find that prior audit opinion and audit lag as factors affecting the going concern audit opinion. In addition, these variables influence the audit opinion positively. However, the education background of leader and institutions size do not affect the going concern audit opinion. This research give the contribution to the practical and theoretical. Further, this research also after give some avenues for future research. Keywords: Institutions Size, Prior Audit Opinion, Education Background of Leader, Audit Lag, and Going Concern Audit Opinion

It is mandatory for public companies to issue financial reports that have been audited by external auditors to be presented to the public as evidence and accountability regarding the company's performance during the year. This study aims to find out whether elements of pentagon fraud – that is, pressure, opportunity, rationalisation, competence, and arrogance – which are then developed into nine variables – financial stability, financial targets, external pressures, ineffective supervision, change of external auditors, change of directors, auditor opinion, frequency of CEO photo appearance, and politician CEO – significantly influenced the incidence of fraudulent financial statements in the banking and financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the year 2014–16. This is a quantitative study that uses secondary data derived from the website www.idx.co.id. The results of the data analysis show that financial stability and the frequency of the appearance of CEO photos in the financial statements significantly influence the incidence of fraudulent financial reporting.

Abstract The idea of democracy dates back to ancient Greece in the 4th century BC, the City State implemented a Democracy system that involved the community in making political decisions, where the area of the city was actually small and the population was entitled to vote for approximately 300 thousand people. Montesquieu set up a system that can guarantee the political rights of the people (trias politica), which is a system of separation of powers within the state into legislative, executive and judicial powers, each held by a different person.Democracy as a system has been used as an alternative in various social and state activities in several countries. There are two reasons for choosing democracy as a social and state system.First, almost all countries in the world have made democracy a fundamental principle. Secondly, democracy as a principle of state has essentially provided direction for the role of the community to organize the State as its highest organization. Therefore, true knowledge and understanding of citizens is needed about democracy.Carrying out democracy means straightening the intention to uphold the rights of others in opinion and accepting a different opinion or view in public requires common sense, because only by activating common sense can the potential to arrive at a substantial democracy will be realized.A democracy can be said to fail if it experiences a deadlock or stagnation in the process. Maintaining or caring for democracy in a country is not easy. There are a number of things that need to be considered so that the political order of a country's democracy remains on track, namely in accordance with the rule of law and the constitution and democratic values.