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Public opinion - is it a simple aggregation of individual views, or is it some kind of collective-level, emergent product of debate? What is the role of public opinion in popular government? How do the mass media shape public opinion or link it with governmental decision-making? This book explores such questions by tracing the historical development and application of the concept of public opinion

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSACTION EDITION. -- PART I. INTRODUCTION -- I. The World Outside and the Pictures in Our Heads -- PART II. APPROACHES TO THE WORLD OUTSIDE -- II. Censorship and Privacy -- III. Contract and Opportunity -- IV. Time and Attention -- V. Speed, Words, and Clearness -- PART III. STEREOTYPES -- VI. Stereotypes -- VII. Stereotypes as Defense -- VIII. Blind Spots and Their Value -- IX. Codes and Their Enemies -- X. The Detection of Stereotypes -- PART IV. INTERESTS -- XI. The Enlisting of Interest -- XII. Self-Interest Reconsidered -- PART V. THE MAKING OF A COMMON WILL -- XIII. The Transfer of Interest -- XIV. Yes or No -- XV. Leaders and the Rank and File -- PART VI. THE IMAGE OF DEMOCRACY -- XVI. The Self-Centered Man -- XVII. The Self-Contained Community -- XVIII. The Role of Force, Patronage, and Privilege -- XIX. The Old Image in a New Form: Guild Socialism -- XX. A New Image -- PART VII. NEWSPAPERS Chapter Page -- XXI. The Buying Public -- XXII. The Constant Reader -- XXIII. The Nature of News -- XXIV. News, Truth, and a Conclusion -- PART VIII. ORGANIZED INTELLIGENCE -- XXV The Entering Wedge -- XXVI. Intelligence Work -- XXVII. The Appeal to the Public -- XXVIII. The Appeal to Reason

Public Opinion is a comprehensive and multidisciplinary examination of public opinion in the United States. Drawing on scholarship in political science, psychology, sociology, and communications, the authors explore the nature of political and social attitudes in the United States and how these attitudes are shaped by various institutions, with an emphasis on mass media. The book also serves as a provocative starting point for the discussion of citizen moods, political participation, and voting behavior. Feature boxes and illustrations throughout help students understand all aspects of the elusive phenomenon we call public opinion. The third edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect how public opinion is studied today, and to incorporate current data and debates. The book now contains two revised and reframed theory chapters'"Group Membership and Public Opinion" and "Public Opinion and Social Process"'as well as new coverage of the influence of online and social media on public opinion, especially in issue opinions and campaigns

Part 1. Problems Involved in Setting the Issues; Part 2. Problems Connected with Interviewing; Part 3. Some Problems in Sampling; Part 4. Getting at Opinion Determinants; Part 5. The Polling Technique Applied to A Specific Problem ; Part 6. Appendices

Part 1. Public opinion in a comparative perspective -- Introduction -- Defining and measuring public opinion -- Part 2. The individual-level determinants of public opinion -- Public opinion about immigration and immigrants -- Age and public opinion -- Gender and public opinion -- Immigration status and public opinion -- Class and public opinion -- Religion and public opinion -- Personality and public opinion -- Ideology and public opinion -- Partisanship and public opinion -- Part 3. Context and complexity in determinants of public opinion -- Immigration and public opinion in Brazil: Taking stock of new waves of migration and polarization -- The inflow of immigrants and natives' attitudes towards immigration in Japan -- The impact of labour market vulnerability: Explaining attitudes towards immigration in Europe -- Linguistic cleavages in public opinion -- The news media organizations and public opinion on political issues -- Racial attitudes and opposition to immigration.

This book presents a comprehensive examination of public opinion in the democratic world. Built around chapters that highlight key explanatory frameworks used in understanding public opinion, the book presents a coherent study of the subject in a comparative perspective, emphasizing and interrogating immigration as a key issue of high concern to most mass publics in the democratic world. Key features of the book include: Covers several theoretical issues and determinants of opinion such as the effects of personality, age and life cycle, ideology, social class, partisanship, gender, religion, ethnicity, language, and media, highlighting over time the effects of political, social, and economic contexts. Each chapter explores the theoretical rationale, mechanisms of effect, and use in the scholarly literature on public opinion before applying these to the issue of immigration comparatively and in specific places or regions. Widely comparative using a nine-country sample (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America) in the analysis of individual-level determinants of public opinion about immigration and extending to other countries like Belgium, Brazil, and Japan when evaluating contextual factors. This edited volume will be essential reading for students, scholars, and practitioners interested in public opinion, political behaviour, voting behaviour, politics of the media, immigration, political communication, and, more generally, democracy and comparative politics.

This book is a comprehensive account of trends in Russian public opinion over the period 1988-94. Analysing data from Russian polling organizations, it covers the development of a professional polling industry and looks at changing popular moods; the depth of democratic values; attitudes towards political institutions; the attempt to introduce a free market economy and views about the loss of empire. Concluding sections consider attitudinal differences between social groups, and the impact of public opinion on postcommunist politics

Cover -- Endorsement -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- List of Illustrations -- Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction and Overview -- The Measure and Meaning of Public Opinion -- The Question of Democratic Competence -- The Foundations of Political Preferences -- Ideology and Political Reasoning -- Moving Beyond Ideology -- The Importance of Groups -- The New Psychological Foundations of Opinion -- The Public and Society -- Final Thoughts -- Notes -- Part I The Meaning and Measurement of Public Opinion -- Chapter 1 The Practice of Survey Research: Changes and Challenges -- The Data Stork Myth -- Overview of the Survey Process -- Probability vs. Nonprobability Sampling -- Nonresponse Error -- Coverage Error -- Measurement Error -- The Future of Polls? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 2 Citizen Competence and Democratic Governance -- Competing Views of Citizen Competence -- Citizens' Information Deficits -- Cue-taking as a Basis for Political Preferences -- Issue Publics -- The "Magic of Aggregation" and the Quality of Public Preferences -- How Well does Cue-taking and Aggregation Work? -- Question Wording and Framing Effects -- Retrospective Evaluations -- Public Preferences and Government Policymaking -- Conclusions -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Part II Foundations of Political Preferences -- Chapter 3 Ideology and Public Opinion -- What is Ideology? -- What Attracts People to Different Ideological Positions? -- When Do People "Use" Ideology? -- Integrating Bottom-Up and Top-Down Perspectives on Ideology -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 4 Affective Polarization or Hostility Across the Party Divide: An Overview -- Affective Polarization: The Evidence -- Self-Reported Partisan Affect -- Implicit Measures -- Indicators of Social Distance -- Behavioral Evidence of Partisan Bias.

A central question in political representation is whether government responds to the people. To understand that, we need to know what the government is doing, and what the people think of it. We seek to understand a key question necessary to answer those bigger questions: How does American public opinion move over time? We posit three patterns of change over time in public opinion, depending on the type of issue. Issues on which the two parties regularly disagree provide clear partisan cues to the public. For these party-cue issues we present a slight variation on the thermostatic theory from (Soroka and Wlezien (2010); Wlezien (1995)); our "implied thermostatic model." A smaller number of issues divide the public along lines unrelated to partisanship, and so partisan control of government provides no relevant clue. Finally, we note a small but important class of issues which capture response to cultural shifts.

This work provides an analysis of American public opinion on the key constitutional controversies of the 20th century, including desegregation, school prayer, abortion, the death penalty affirmative action, gay rights, assisted suicide, and national security, to name just a few

As the only complete compilation of polls taken by the Gallup Organization, The Gallup Poll is an invaluable tool for ascertaining the pulse of American public opinion throughout the year and for documenting changing perceptions over time of crucial core issues

Frontmatter -- Contents -- List of Tables and Figures -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contributors -- 1. Introduction: Studying Public Opinion in the American States -- 2. Does Familiarity Breed Contempt? Examining the Correlates of State-Level Confidence in the Federal Government -- 3. State Residency, State Laws, and Public Opinion -- 4. Mexican-American and Cuban-American Public Opinion: Differences at the State Level? -- 5. Public Opinion in the States: Determinants of Legislative Job Performance -- 6. The State Economy, the National Economy, and Gubernatorial Popularity -- 7. Ideological Cleavage, Political Competition, and Policy Making in the American States -- 8. The Civil State:Trust, Polarization, and the Quality of State Government -- 9. Public Opinion and Policy Making in the Culture Wars: Is There a Connection Between Opinion and State Policy on Gay and Lesbian Issues? -- 10. Citizen Influences on State Policy Priorities: The Interplay of Public Opinion and Interest Groups -- 11. State-Level Opinions from National Surveys: Poststratification Using Multilevel Logistic Regression -- 12. Public Opinion in the States:A Quarter Century of Change and Stability -- 13. Conclusions:Where We Have Been,Where Should We Go -- Index

Applying Public Opinion in Governance -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 The Scope of Public Opinion and Governance -- References -- 3 The Recent Historical Context of Public Opinion in Governance -- Patterns in the Funding and Level of Activity of Public Opinion Used in Governance -- The Basic Institutional Framework of the Governments Being Compared -- References -- 4 Existing Research on Public Opinion and Governance and the Research Expectations for this Work -- The Main Functions of Public Opinion in Governance -- Overview -- Some Limited Macro Findings on the Functions of Public Opinion in Governance -- Types of Policy Actors and the Elite-Mass Distinction -- Overview -- Some Macro-Level Research Relating to Elite-Mass Perspectives -- Theoretical Expectations and Perspective -- References -- 5 Decision Maker, Manager and Practitioner Perspectives on Public Opinion and Governance -- Basic Aspects of Study -- Results Pertaining to Basic Hypotheses -- Summary of Findings -- References -- 6 A Note on Mass Opinion Relating to the Role of Public Opinion in Governing -- Some New General Population Data -- The Basic Univariate Results -- Basic Multivariate Results -- 7 Summary and Implications -- Summary of Findings -- Concluding Lessons: Alternative Paths and Their Implications -- Proposal for Best Practices in Using Public Opinion in Governance -- Reference -- Confidential and Nonconfidential Expert Sources Who Provided Background for this Study -- Appendix A -- CATI Questionnaire for General Public in Canada Public Views of Public Opinion and Governance: Survey Administration by Elemental DCI on Behalf of Community Analytics Institute -- Appendix B -- Elite Questionnaire for Four Countries (Primarily adminisTered by Email but a Small Number Administered by Telephone) -- Index

This is the first comprehensive examination of all aspects of attitudes to European integration and other forms of internationalized governance in Europe. The study, a key volume in the highly regarded and widely cited Beliefs in Government series, explores the development of these attitudes over time and deals thoretically and empirically with the broad range of factors affecting them.