Suchergebnisse

This article analyzes current problems in public procurement, as well as ways to solve them. The focus is on the modernization and improvement of the contract system, as well as the threat of competition in the government procurement market. The relevance of considering this topic at the present stage is expressed in the need to apply tough measures to combat corruption in the field of public procurement, it justifies the need to improve legislation, due to the difficulties encountered in the implementation of state financial control in the field of procurement. The article describes the complexity of the organization of procurement, identifies ways to optimize them. The main ways of the impact of certain negative trends on the implementation of the contract system of the Russian Federation are proposed. Improvement and modernization of the legal framework in the field of public procurement will always be relevant since the social, economic and political spheres of relations in the global economy are changing and not constant. That is why, basically, it is necessary to create a fundamental legal structure, to which, as far as it would be important, minor amendments will be made, and not urgent and global in a short period of time. The main objectives of regulating the law on the system of contracts are its openness and effectiveness, therefore, reducing corruption and reducing the cost of budget funds, "healthy" competition, timely and high-quality satisfaction of state and public needs, access to the process of perception of procurement stages for professionals and its participants. To understand the supplier in all the intricacies of the contractual system, it is necessary to analyze and study a large number of laws and regulations. The results showed that in order to minimize problems in the field of public procurement, it is necessary to intensify the interaction of regulatory and law enforcement agencies and improve legislation.

The article investigates different definitions of the term "fire safety" in normative legalacts, regulations, scientific and technical literature. The author considers fire safety as alegal institution. Particular attention is drawn to the main sources of threat to public safety,to which the concept refers fires and natural disasters associated with natural hazards andfires. Hazards of fire, affecting people and property, enshrined in legislation and regulationsin the field of fire safety are listed. ; Статья посвящена исследованию различных определений понятия «пожарнаябезопасность», встречающихся в нормативных правовых актах, нормативных до-кументах, научной, и технической литературе. Дается авторское определение по-нятия «пожарная безопасность» как правового института. Особое внимание об-ращается на основные источники угроз общественной безопасности, к которымотносятся пожары и стихийные бедствия, связанные с опасными природными яв-лениями и пожарами. Перечисляются опасные факторы пожара, воздействующиена людей и имущество, закрепленные в законодательных актах и нормативныхдокументах в области пожарной безопасности.

Lithuania still be an important link connecting the eastern Baltic states in the Middle East to Europe, so it occupies a strategically important place in various countries and political institutions and policy projection. On the 21st of December, 2007 after Lithuania became a member of Schengen area, migration mobility of inhabitants increased. In order to solve relevant problems there was analysed European Union requirements and Lithuanian Republic legal regulations that belong to the sphere when the country is a member of Schengen area. Firstly, there have been analysed the main legal standards and documents that consolidate the activities of institutions in this sphere as well as cooperation possibil ities of institutions controlling foreigners. The research project presents valuable cooperation experience of institutions dealing with foreigners‗ control. When analysing target preventive means in police foreigners control sphere, the attention is paid to Kaliningrad transit programme, that is being quite successfully developed. The main aim of this programme is to ensure streamlined people transit from Russian Federation territory to Russian Federation Kaliningrad region and back via Lithuanian Republic territory, that must comply with Schengen agreement of the 14th of June, 1985 and 1990 Convention concerning the 14th of June, 1985 Schengen implementation regulations, European Union acquis, proper European Union external border control and security, cooperation between legal institutions in Kaliningrad transit territory and the requirements for electronic data base. ; Lietuva tebevertinama kaip svarbi grandis, jungianti Rytų Pabaltijį su Vidurio Rytų Europa, todėl ji užima strategiškai svarbią vietą įvairių valstybių ir politinių institucijų politikos projekcijoje. Lietuvos Respublikai 2007 m. gruodžio 21 d. tapus visateise Šengeno erdvės nare, išaugo gyventojų migracinis mobilumas. Šiame darbe analizuoti Lietuvos Respublikos norminiai teisės aktai, sprendžiantys užsieniečių tranzito per valstybės teritoriją tvarką. Atkreiptinas dėmesys, kad pakankamai gerai vykdoma viena pagrindinių šioje srityje programa – Kaliningrado tranzito programa. Svarbiausias šios programos tikslas – užtikrinti supaprastintą asmenų tranzitą iš Rusijos Federacijos teritorijos į Rusijos Federacijos Kaliningrado sritį ir atgal per Lietuvos Respublikos teritoriją. Veikla turi vykti taip, kad atitiktų 1985 m. birželio 14 d. Šengeno susitarimo, Europos Sąjungos acquis, tinkamos Europos Sąjungos išorės sienų kontrolės ir saugumo, bendradarbiavimo tarp teisėsaugos institucijų Kaliningrado tranzito teritorijoje ir elektroninių duomenų apsaugos reikalavimus. Atliktas tyrimas leidžia teigti, kad Lietuvoje yra pakankamai gerai organizuojama ir vykdoma užsieniečių kontrolė.

Since 2010, Russia has been developing new drug legislation, internal quality control and safety of medical organizations, and has developed algorithms for submitting Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) using an automated information system. On April 1, 2019, Russia launched an updated national database of ICSR, which uses the international ICH E2B data standard, which may increase the amount of reporting to the Uppsala monitoring center. This publication covers the key aspects of pharmacovigilance system development in the Russian Federation. The analysis of pharmacovigilance structure in the Russian Federation is carried out, its main problems are designated. Presents methods to identify causal relationships between adverse reaction and drug, evaluation of its degree of validity (questionnaires, algorithms, and scale), as already recommended by the WHO, and the new modifi ed versions. The expediency of using a scale for determining the degree of reliability of a causal relationship «an undesirable reaction — drug interaction» when analyzing spontaneous reports of undesirable reactions that may be caused by drug interactions is noted. An effective method of detection and prevention of adverse reactions is presented — the Global Trigger Tool (GTT). The question of the need for motivation and training of medical personnel in the correct design of spontaneous messages, as well as methods of identifying the causal relationship between adverse reactions of drugs. The directions of optimization of pharmacovigilance system are proposed, including methods of more effective active surveillance in the identifi cation and prevention of adverse reactions. ; России с 2010 г. развивается новая правовая база регулирования обращения лекарственных средств, внутреннего контроля качества и безопасности деятельности медицинских организаций, созданы алгоритмы репортирования о нежелательных реакциях с использованием автоматизированной информационной системы. Для гармонизации с международными подходами к выявлению нежелательных реакций с 1 апреля 2019 г. в национальной базе нежелательных реакций используется международный стандарт данных ICH E2B, что может способствовать увеличению объема репортирования в Уппсальский центр ВОЗ по международному мониторингу лекарственных средств. В работе освещены ключевые аспекты развития системы фармаконадзора в Российской Федерации, приведен анализ ее структуры, обозначены основные проблемы. Представлены методики выявления причинно-следственной связи между нежелательной реакцией и лекарственным препаратом и оценки степени ее достоверности (опросники, алгоритмы и шкалы): как уже рекомендованные ВОЗ, так и новые модифицированные варианты. Отмечена целесообразность использования шкалы определения степени достоверности причинно-следственной связи «нежелательная реакция—взаимодействие лекарственных средств» при анализе спонтанных сообщений о нежелательных реакциях, причиной которых может являться взаимодействие препаратов. Представлен эффективный способ выявления и предупреждения нежелательных реакций — методика глобальной оценки триггеров (Global Trigger Tool). Поставлен вопрос о необходимости мотивации и обучения медицинского персонала корректному оформлению спонтанного сообщения, а также методикам выявления причинно-следственной связи между нежелательными реакциями и лекарственными препаратами. Предложены направления оптимизации работы системы фармаконадзора, в том числе внедрение методов активного надзора.

As a part of administrative reform and "regulatory guillotine" in Russia in 2020-2021, several significant changes in the governmental regulation of dental care have occurred: implementation of new version of Order of provision of dental care and infrastructure of governmental dental facilities; approval of Rules of carrying of X-ray examinations; development of changes in the sanitary-epidemiological requirements to medical facilities. Meanwhile, the requirements on the radiation safety in the medical facilities remained the same. The lack of coordination during the development of new documents between the Ministry of Healthcare and Rospotrebnadzor resulted in preservation of the existing problems with the use of X-ray equipment in dentistry (for example, related to the allocation of dental X-ray units in residual and public buildings) and appearance of new problems (for example, removal of a requirement for the license in radiology for dentists). The study is focused on the analysis of the issues of regulation of the provision of radiation safety for dental care of public of the Russian Federation. It includes a review of the acting regulatory documents of the Ministry of Healthcare and Rospotrebnadzor, regulating the allocation of dental X-ray units and provision of dental X-ray examinations, with subsequent identification of the major issues and problems. The results of the study indicate that changes in the regulatory documents of the Ministry of Healthcare implemented in 2020-2021 contradict the acting requirements on radiation safety. It is necessary to further improve the legislative base regulating the dental care: harmonization of the acting requirements on the equipment of the dental rooms, orders and standards of dental care, training of staff. The harmonized base should result in a provision of qualitative dental care and radiation safety. ; В рамках мероприятий административной реформы в России и применения механизма «регуляторной гильотины» в 2020–2021 гг. произошло изменение государственного регулирования нескольких направлений, связанных с оказанием стоматологической помощи: введена новая редакция Порядка оказания стоматологической помощи и оснащения государственных стоматологических организаций, с целью повышения качества оказания медицинских услуг, утверждены Правила проведения рентгенологических исследований, существенно изменились санитарно-эпидемиологические требования к медицинским организациями. Тем временем требования к обеспечению радиационной безопасности в рентгеновских стоматологических кабинетах сохранились в неизменном виде. Отсутствие согласования новых документов Минздрава с Роспотребнадзором привело к тому, что при сохранении всего комплекса существующих проблем с использованием рентгеновской техники в стоматологии (например, с размещением рентгеностоматологических аппаратов в жилых и общественных зданиях) появился целый ряд новых (например, отсутствие требований к наличию лицензии на выполнение работ (услуг) по рентгенологии у стоматологов). В статье представлен анализ вопросов нормативно-правового регулирования обеспечения радиационной безопасности при оказании стоматологической помощи населению Российской Федерации. Выполнен обзор действующих нормативно-методических документов Минздрава и Роспотребнадзора, регулирующих размещение рентгеностоматологических аппаратов и проведение рентгеностоматологических исследований. Выделены основные проблемы обеспечения радиационной безопасности при проведении рентгеностоматологических исследований. Результаты анализа показывают, что введенные в 2020–2021 гг. изменения в нормативно-методические документы Минздрава противоречат действующим требованиям по обеспечению радиационной безопасности. Необходимо дальнейшее совершенствование правовой базы организации работы стоматологических клиник и рентгеностоматологической службы, в частности, гармонизация действующих требований к оснащению стоматологических кабинетов, порядкам и стандартам стоматологической помощи, квалификации персонала, обеспечивающие оказание качественной стоматологической помощи и обеспечение радиационной безопасности.

The article explores the issue on the perception of the concept "national security" areas, models and methods of its maintenance by the population. The author uses materials of the sociological survey conducted by the Laboratory of problems of increasing the efficiency of state and municipal management of the South-Russian Institute of Management - branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. The survey was carried out with the participation of leading experts in various aspects of national security, representing 27 Russian higher educational institutions and research centers in Moscow, Astrakhan, Barnaul, Belgorod, Dushanbe, Krasnodar, Nizhny Novgorod, Omsk, Pyatigorsk, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Syktyvkar, Sochi, Ufa. It is noted that as a priority political governance model that implements the basic concept of national security, respondents identified a democratic model. Most respondents believe that a unified security model in the Russian regions is ineffective, and such model should be developed taking into account the specificity of each subject. The study showed that the public's attention to the issue of national security is not sustainable, as determined by situational factors. It is proved that the motives of anxiety formed in the Russian public mind are not sustainable, and situational. Respondents see the economic cooperation more effective incentive to maintain national interests than by force. Estimation of the population of the priority issues of security shows that most respondents appreciate the organization of work to ensure the safety and anti-terrorism security in the sphere of national relations. The findings give grounds to assert that the focus of public attention to the problem of national security does not yet occupy the leading positions. To a greater extent, respondents focused on the issues of public safety, reducing threats and risks in their daily lives. Apparently, despite the external and internal attempts by certain forces to escalate the symptoms of military threats, economic and political instability, the state authorities have managed to maintain a stable situation on the ground and to instill confidence in the stability of the government itself. However, assessments of respondents showing pain points (as discussed above), on which the regional and federal authorities and the public should focus their attention. This should avoid focusing on minor topics objects, eliminate switching public attention on themes and subjects that do not require a real public outcry and do not carry the real threats to the individual, society and state. Thus, the problem of improving the state policy in the sphere of security exists objectively, and its resolution should be ensured not only by the professional power sector, deputies and representatives of the executive power, but also qualified experts from civil society and scientific environment. (author's abstract)

Increasing number of cross-border crime, there is a need to create a common organization whose goal – to unite the states to fight crime. Each country is different legal systems, different law enforcement agencies, it is extremely difficult to work without coordinating organizations, to remove these inconsistencies. For this purpose established by the European Union law enforcement organization – Europol. Its aim is to increase the competent authorities of Member States' operational effectiveness and promote their cooperation in the fight against serious transnational organized crime and terrorism and its prevention. A study has found that only united the whole of the European Union's Europol National Units, may be more successful in the fight against serious international crime. Lithuania still is an important link connecting the eastern Baltic states in the Middle East to Europe, so it occupies a strategically important place in various countries and political institutions and policy projection. On the 21st of December, 2007 after Lithuania became a member of Schengen area, migration mobility of inhabitants increased. In order to solve relevant problems there was analysed European Union requirements and Lithuanian Republic legal regulations that belong to the sphere when the country is a member of Schengen area. Firstly, there have been analysed the main legal standards and documents that consolidate the activities of institutions in this sphere as well as cooperation possibilities of institutions controlling foreigners. The research project presents valuable cooperation experience of institutions dealing with foreigners' control. ; Šiuo metu mūsų šalį vargina ekonominis nestabilumas, lydimas įvairaus pobūdžio nusikalstamumo didėjimo. Su šiuo reiškiniu susiduria dauguma Europos Sąjungos šalių, todėl iškilo būtinybė kurti bendras organizacijas, kurių tikslas – vienyti valstybes kovai su nusikalstamumu. Kiekvienoje valstybėje veikia skirtingos teisinės sistemos, skirtingos teisėsaugos institucijos, todėl itin sunku bendradarbiauti be koordinuojančių organizacijų, kurios pašalintų tuos neatitikimus. Tam tikslui įkurta Europos Sąjungos teisėsaugos organizacija – Europolas. Jos tikslas didinti kompetentingų valstybių narių institucijų veiklos efektyvumą ir skatinti jų bendradarbiavimą kovojant su sunkiu tarptautiniu organizuotu nusikalstamumu ir terorizmu bei jų prevencijos srityje. Lietuvos Respublikai tapus visateise Šengeno erdvės nare, išaugo gyventojų migracinis mobilumas. Tik Europos Sąjungos institucijų dėka buvo teisiškai išspręsta ir šiuo metu pakankamai gerai vykdoma viena pagrindinių šioje srityje programa – Kaliningrado tranzito programa, užtikrinanti supaprastintą asmenų tranzitą iš Rusijos Federacijos teritorijos į Rusijos Federacijos Kaliningrado sritį ir atgal per Lietuvos Respublikos teritoriją. Atliktu tyrimu nustatyta, kad tik vieningas visos Europos Sąjungos Europolo nacionalinių padalinių bendradarbiavimas, gali būti sėkmingas kelias kovoje su sunkiais tarptautinio pobūdžio nusikaltimais, tai pat leidžia teigti, kad Lietuvoje yra pakankamai gerai organizuojama ir vykdoma užsieniečių kontrolė.

Today, the issue of drugs distribution through the Internet is especially urgent, since the World Wide Web has become an integral part of the life of the population, especially among adolescents and the youth. The article reveals the problem of the contact-free sale of narcotic drugs through virtual networks, which poses a threat to state and public security. Factors for the growth of cybercrime in the fi eld of drug trafficking have been identifi ed. The author defined the main aspects of the state legal regulation of committing drug crimes in the Internet space. English version of the article on pp. 80-84 available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/usage-of-information-technologies-in-narcotic-drug-crime-system-as-a-threat-to-public-security/61600.html

The aim of the paper is to analyze the legal aspects of public environmental education and awareness rising on waste management issues, to evaluate the completeness and quality of the websites of regional waste management centers and municipalities and to develop a web site for waste management issues. Methods of the work: descriptive analysis of the legislation, comparative analysis of educational material on the websites of regional waste management centers in Lithuania. Master's thesis describes the website (www.atliekos.visiems.lt) for waste management developed by the author. Alytus, Šiauliai, Tauragė, Telšiai, Kaunas regional waste management centers according to legislation must develop and implement public awareness programs on waste issues. According to the information provided, Lithuanian regional waste management centers, were grouped into four categories. Websites of Siauliai and Telsiai regional waste management centers are the most developed and complete among of all regional centers. The websites of the waste management centers of Marijampolė, Panevėžys, Tauragė, Utena were among those that mostly lacked comprehensiveness. The research revealed that in the websites of municipalities' there is no a separate column on municipal waste management system or information in such column is not complete. It was formulated 9 recommendations for the improvement of public environmental education and awareness rising on waste management issues.

The aim of the paper is to analyze the legal aspects of public environmental education and awareness rising on waste management issues, to evaluate the completeness and quality of the websites of regional waste management centers and municipalities and to develop a web site for waste management issues. Methods of the work: descriptive analysis of the legislation, comparative analysis of educational material on the websites of regional waste management centers in Lithuania. Master's thesis describes the website (www.atliekos.visiems.lt) for waste management developed by the author. Alytus, Šiauliai, Tauragė, Telšiai, Kaunas regional waste management centers according to legislation must develop and implement public awareness programs on waste issues. According to the information provided, Lithuanian regional waste management centers, were grouped into four categories. Websites of Siauliai and Telsiai regional waste management centers are the most developed and complete among of all regional centers. The websites of the waste management centers of Marijampolė, Panevėžys, Tauragė, Utena were among those that mostly lacked comprehensiveness. The research revealed that in the websites of municipalities' there is no a separate column on municipal waste management system or information in such column is not complete. It was formulated 9 recommendations for the improvement of public environmental education and awareness rising on waste management issues.

The aim of the paper is to analyze the legal aspects of public environmental education and awareness rising on waste management issues, to evaluate the completeness and quality of the websites of regional waste management centers and municipalities and to develop a web site for waste management issues. Methods of the work: descriptive analysis of the legislation, comparative analysis of educational material on the websites of regional waste management centers in Lithuania. Master's thesis describes the website (www.atliekos.visiems.lt) for waste management developed by the author. Alytus, Šiauliai, Tauragė, Telšiai, Kaunas regional waste management centers according to legislation must develop and implement public awareness programs on waste issues. According to the information provided, Lithuanian regional waste management centers, were grouped into four categories. Websites of Siauliai and Telsiai regional waste management centers are the most developed and complete among of all regional centers. The websites of the waste management centers of Marijampolė, Panevėžys, Tauragė, Utena were among those that mostly lacked comprehensiveness. The research revealed that in the websites of municipalities' there is no a separate column on municipal waste management system or information in such column is not complete. It was formulated 9 recommendations for the improvement of public environmental education and awareness rising on waste management issues.