The article presents the findings obtained through the quantitative survey of citizen participation in public administration that was conducted during the March-April 2008. The object of research is citizen participation in public administration. The aim of research is to evaluate a perception of citizen participation in municipal government of Lithuania. The research questions that drive this study are: what is the impact of citizen participation initiatives to the activity of municipalities?; what is the relation between citizen participation and decision-making process in municipalities?; what are the reasons and areas why citizens can not participate in public administration?
The article presents the findings obtained through the quantitative survey of citizen participation in public administration that was conducted during the March-April 2008. The object of research is citizen participation in public administration. The aim of research is to evaluate a perception of citizen participation in municipal government of Lithuania. The research questions that drive this study are: what is the impact of citizen participation initiatives to the activity of municipalities?; what is the relation between citizen participation and decision-making process in municipalities?; what are the reasons and areas why citizens can not participate in public administration?
The article presents the findings obtained through the quantitative survey of citizen participation in public administration that was conducted during the March-April 2008. The object of research is citizen participation in public administration. The aim of research is to evaluate a perception of citizen participation in municipal government of Lithuania. The research questions that drive this study are: what is the impact of citizen participation initiatives to the activity of municipalities?; what is the relation between citizen participation and decision-making process in municipalities?; what are the reasons and areas why citizens can not participate in public administration?
Public policy is a process about selecting strategies and making choices. Public policy making include some steps – getting of agenda, policy formulation, policy adoptions, policy implementation. It must be also evaluated to see the intended results, to revise existing and future public programs and projects. Public policy can be studied as producing three types of policies (distributive, regulatory and re-distributive) related with decision making process. Public administration is the set of processes, structures, functions, methods and procedures. Public administration is the formulation and particularly implementation of public policy and the examination of the strategies and choices associated with that process. Public administration also can be defined as public programs and projects, profession and as academic field of study. There is no clear separation between administration and politics in the development of government policy and public administration. Administrators engage in political acts by recommending legislation as much as by making policy decisions in carrying out the laws. The administrators understanding of managerial issues and policies places them in a position of substantial expertise, while their knowledge of administrative and legal procedures helps them by suggesting ways of managing and enforcing the laws. The most modern forms of governance, administrative innovations allow us to assume that legislative and implementing contents of institutional activity today acquires new specific features. Executive bureaucratic structures using expert-consultation services, get more and more possibilities to really influence not only the implementation of policy and the estimation of activities, but also to directly influence the preparation of public sector directions and strategy. ; Straipsnyje pateikiama šiuolaikinė viešosios politikos ir viešojo administravimo samprata ir aptariama viešosios politikos ir viešojo administravimo sąveika bei dabartinių socialinių pokyčių sąlygotos raidos tendencijos. Akcentuojama administravimo politinio konteksto, viešųjų projektų ir programų valdymo modernizavimo, demokratinių procesų plėtros svarba šiuolaikiniame viešajame administravime. Analizuojamos naujos valdymo ir administravimo sistemos bei modeliai, aptariami nauji iššūkiai vadybos ir administravimo filosofijai, viešosios politikos programų ir projektų rengėjams.
The study object of the Master thesis is Public administration Bachelor curriculum in tree Lithuania University: Mykolo Romerio, Vytauto Didziojo and Siauliai University. In this final work were analyzed those universities Public administration Bachelor curriculum content concerned with the requirements for public servants. Analyzed and systematize theoretical aspects which is based on scientific literature, LR legislation, public service documents and Public administration Bachelor curriculum content analyze, resulted comparative Public Administration Bachelor curriculum content with the requirements of public servants. The main attention was paid on Public administration Bachelor curriculum content, teaching subjects public servant positions and requirements, public servants competencies, their positions. Master's thesis aimed to assess how Mykolo Romerio, Vytauto Didziojo and Siauliai University prepare public servants or this preparation has responds to requirements of public servants position. An Empirical research revealed that in MRU, SU and VDU universities Public administration Bachelor curriculum students get all skills which are necessary in public servant position however planned and improvement opportunities. The largest Public administration curriculum compliant with requirements of public servants position is in Mykolo Romerio university, less compliant is in Siauliai university and research showed that in Vytauto Didziojo university Public administration curriculum compliant with requirements of public servants position does not match as much as in other universities. Nevertheless all universities offer to students a wide range of optional subjects, which can eliminate these inconsistencies. At the same time this aspect is deficiency – all high schools have to create study programs with content which is needed for public servant position. Students have to be sure that after studies they will have skills which are necessary for public servant position. Master's thesis provides conclusions and recommendations for Public administration Bachelor curriculum content which are oriented on qualified public servant preparing (with more effective reference in requirements of public servants position).
The study object of the Master thesis is Public administration Bachelor curriculum in tree Lithuania University: Mykolo Romerio, Vytauto Didziojo and Siauliai University. In this final work were analyzed those universities Public administration Bachelor curriculum content concerned with the requirements for public servants. Analyzed and systematize theoretical aspects which is based on scientific literature, LR legislation, public service documents and Public administration Bachelor curriculum content analyze, resulted comparative Public Administration Bachelor curriculum content with the requirements of public servants. The main attention was paid on Public administration Bachelor curriculum content, teaching subjects public servant positions and requirements, public servants competencies, their positions. Master's thesis aimed to assess how Mykolo Romerio, Vytauto Didziojo and Siauliai University prepare public servants or this preparation has responds to requirements of public servants position. An Empirical research revealed that in MRU, SU and VDU universities Public administration Bachelor curriculum students get all skills which are necessary in public servant position however planned and improvement opportunities. The largest Public administration curriculum compliant with requirements of public servants position is in Mykolo Romerio university, less compliant is in Siauliai university and research showed that in Vytauto Didziojo university Public administration curriculum compliant with requirements of public servants position does not match as much as in other universities. Nevertheless all universities offer to students a wide range of optional subjects, which can eliminate these inconsistencies. At the same time this aspect is deficiency – all high schools have to create study programs with content which is needed for public servant position. Students have to be sure that after studies they will have skills which are necessary for public servant position. Master's thesis provides conclusions and recommendations for Public administration Bachelor curriculum content which are oriented on qualified public servant preparing (with more effective reference in requirements of public servants position).
The article raises the question how the attitude towards religion is influenced by the changes of relation with the meaning of matters which are ascribed to religion. With reference to M. Heidegger the peculiarity of public opinion is being disclosed. The author states that secularization functions as a machinery which appropriates any meaning: the public opinion appropriates religion, reduces it to political, economical or criminal dimensions, to that of cultural heritage, so religion assumes its essence and reality in these dimensions. The author demonstrates that public interpretation functions as an unmasking machinery which strengthens that reduction and appropriation of meaning. The analysis of religion in the context of globalization shows that there is some tendency to localization of religious meaning: the religious communities tend to direct towards the radicalism and isolation.
The article raises the question how the attitude towards religion is influenced by the changes of relation with the meaning of matters which are ascribed to religion. With reference to M. Heidegger the peculiarity of public opinion is being disclosed. The author states that secularization functions as a machinery which appropriates any meaning: the public opinion appropriates religion, reduces it to political, economical or criminal dimensions, to that of cultural heritage, so religion assumes its essence and reality in these dimensions. The author demonstrates that public interpretation functions as an unmasking machinery which strengthens that reduction and appropriation of meaning. The analysis of religion in the context of globalization shows that there is some tendency to localization of religious meaning: the religious communities tend to direct towards the radicalism and isolation.
The article raises the question how the attitude towards religion is influenced by the changes of relation with the meaning of matters which are ascribed to religion. With reference to M. Heidegger the peculiarity of public opinion is being disclosed. The author states that secularization functions as a machinery which appropriates any meaning: the public opinion appropriates religion, reduces it to political, economical or criminal dimensions, to that of cultural heritage, so religion assumes its essence and reality in these dimensions. The author demonstrates that public interpretation functions as an unmasking machinery which strengthens that reduction and appropriation of meaning. The analysis of religion in the context of globalization shows that there is some tendency to localization of religious meaning: the religious communities tend to direct towards the radicalism and isolation.
The article raises the question how the attitude towards religion is influenced by the changes of relation with the meaning of matters which are ascribed to religion. With reference to M. Heidegger the peculiarity of public opinion is being disclosed. The author states that secularization functions as a machinery which appropriates any meaning: the public opinion appropriates religion, reduces it to political, economical or criminal dimensions, to that of cultural heritage, so religion assumes its essence and reality in these dimensions. The author demonstrates that public interpretation functions as an unmasking machinery which strengthens that reduction and appropriation of meaning. The analysis of religion in the context of globalization shows that there is some tendency to localization of religious meaning: the religious communities tend to direct towards the radicalism and isolation.
The master's thesis analyzes the peculiarities of public library service management and possible directions of service development. Today a library is no longer just a repository of books, but a whole set of resources, information sources, and services. The library has been radically replaced by the development of digital information technologies. The modern librarian is no longer just a book connoisseur, but also an information manager, teacher, consultant, who needs to know, how to access the information he needs, how to provide it to users, to be able to evaluate electronic resources and services. Libraries need to know the needs of users when planning services. Only a user-centered approach can find alternative ways to use the library. The organizational structure and management of libraries are increasingly dependent on circumstances and situations. The governance process should be participatory, involving library staff in decision-making so that libraries can compete with institutions, organizations, communities and manage change effectively. An analysis of the scientific literature and legislation shows that today's public library becomes a community center, if it provides adequate services to the community it serves, if it actively expands its activities as community information, social, cultural or all-inclusive centers, that is, access to information on all aspects of local life strengthens the sense of community identity. Libraries are important to the community and as a place for gatherings. In order to find out user satisfaction with library services, a secondary data analysis was performed. The research revealed that the surveys conducted by libraries according to the methodology of the survey of users' satisfaction with the services provided by cultural institutions of the Republic of Lithuania are not informative and do not examine the full range of services provided. It therefore remains unclear which services the consumer is dissatisfied with. The analysis of the content of library activity documents showed, that the range of library services is really wide. Modern library services, implementing new technologies, creating educations, organizing trainings, video conferences, are focused on the needs of all age groups. The range of services provided by public libraries is expanding and there is no longer a difference between traditional and non-traditional services. All the services provided, which are in demand by the consumers, are necessary. And some of the services provided at the initiative of libraries show the uniqueness of libraries and the desire to meet the needs of the local community, taking into account financial opportunities, staff initiatives, the uniqueness of the environment. The aim of the qualitative research was to find out the attitude of library leaders to service management and development trends. The results of the study showed, that libraries are actively expanding their activities as community information, social, cultural or leisure centers. Cooperation with publishers, educational institutions, non-governmental organizations, Third age universities, organizations of people with disabilities. Literary clubs are located in the library premises. Libraries are dominated by participatory management, involving employees in decision-making by improving existing ones and planning the implementation of new services. But leaders see a need to expand library services through the use of smart technologies, computer literacy training, and focus on the needs of individual user target groups. In order for libraries to be able to compete with institutions, organizations, communities and effectively manage change, they must: activate research activities on the services provided and user needs, improve staff qualifications, cooperate with Lithuanian and foreign libraries, publicize services to reach potential users.
The master's thesis analyzes the peculiarities of public library service management and possible directions of service development. Today a library is no longer just a repository of books, but a whole set of resources, information sources, and services. The library has been radically replaced by the development of digital information technologies. The modern librarian is no longer just a book connoisseur, but also an information manager, teacher, consultant, who needs to know, how to access the information he needs, how to provide it to users, to be able to evaluate electronic resources and services. Libraries need to know the needs of users when planning services. Only a user-centered approach can find alternative ways to use the library. The organizational structure and management of libraries are increasingly dependent on circumstances and situations. The governance process should be participatory, involving library staff in decision-making so that libraries can compete with institutions, organizations, communities and manage change effectively. An analysis of the scientific literature and legislation shows that today's public library becomes a community center, if it provides adequate services to the community it serves, if it actively expands its activities as community information, social, cultural or all-inclusive centers, that is, access to information on all aspects of local life strengthens the sense of community identity. Libraries are important to the community and as a place for gatherings. In order to find out user satisfaction with library services, a secondary data analysis was performed. The research revealed that the surveys conducted by libraries according to the methodology of the survey of users' satisfaction with the services provided by cultural institutions of the Republic of Lithuania are not informative and do not examine the full range of services provided. It therefore remains unclear which services the consumer is dissatisfied with. The analysis of the content of library activity documents showed, that the range of library services is really wide. Modern library services, implementing new technologies, creating educations, organizing trainings, video conferences, are focused on the needs of all age groups. The range of services provided by public libraries is expanding and there is no longer a difference between traditional and non-traditional services. All the services provided, which are in demand by the consumers, are necessary. And some of the services provided at the initiative of libraries show the uniqueness of libraries and the desire to meet the needs of the local community, taking into account financial opportunities, staff initiatives, the uniqueness of the environment. The aim of the qualitative research was to find out the attitude of library leaders to service management and development trends. The results of the study showed, that libraries are actively expanding their activities as community information, social, cultural or leisure centers. Cooperation with publishers, educational institutions, non-governmental organizations, Third age universities, organizations of people with disabilities. Literary clubs are located in the library premises. Libraries are dominated by participatory management, involving employees in decision-making by improving existing ones and planning the implementation of new services. But leaders see a need to expand library services through the use of smart technologies, computer literacy training, and focus on the needs of individual user target groups. In order for libraries to be able to compete with institutions, organizations, communities and effectively manage change, they must: activate research activities on the services provided and user needs, improve staff qualifications, cooperate with Lithuanian and foreign libraries, publicize services to reach potential users.
The first chapter of the descriptive section of the Doctoral Thesis "Public Procurement Control Mechanism in Lithuania" reveals the concept of public and legal regulation of the public procurement, analyses the development of the public regulation in the EU and Lithuania. The chapter also introduces the content of the public procurement principles and objectives, and the efficiency of their implementation by the means of the public procurement control. The second chapter of the descriptive section explores the institutional system of the public procurement control; it is compared to the examples of the neighbouring countries Latvia and Estonia, it also aims to assess the disfunctions of the public procurement control and potential directions for its improvement; the chapter contains an empirical research analysis as well. The third chapter of the descriptive section introduces to the public procurement mechanism suggested by the author along with the settlement of the public procurement disputes in a mandatory pre-litigation procedure. The final section of the Thesis provides with conclusions and recommendations aimed at the improvement of the existing regulatory framework of the public procurement being applied in the Republic of Lithuania to ensure an efficient implementation of the public procurement objectives. A particular focus is made on legislation and draft regulations necessary to implement the mechanism of the new settlement of the public procurement disputes in a mandatory pre-litigation procedure.
The first chapter of the descriptive section of the Doctoral Thesis "Public Procurement Control Mechanism in Lithuania" reveals the concept of public and legal regulation of the public procurement, analyses the development of the public regulation in the EU and Lithuania. The chapter also introduces the content of the public procurement principles and objectives, and the efficiency of their implementation by the means of the public procurement control. The second chapter of the descriptive section explores the institutional system of the public procurement control; it is compared to the examples of the neighbouring countries Latvia and Estonia, it also aims to assess the disfunctions of the public procurement control and potential directions for its improvement; the chapter contains an empirical research analysis as well. The third chapter of the descriptive section introduces to the public procurement mechanism suggested by the author along with the settlement of the public procurement disputes in a mandatory pre-litigation procedure. The final section of the Thesis provides with conclusions and recommendations aimed at the improvement of the existing regulatory framework of the public procurement being applied in the Republic of Lithuania to ensure an efficient implementation of the public procurement objectives. A particular focus is made on legislation and draft regulations necessary to implement the mechanism of the new settlement of the public procurement disputes in a mandatory pre-litigation procedure.
We are concerned in day by day life whether something we see, hear and read can be trusted. All around the globe we can find tens of public opinion surveys that outline public trust in media in comparison with state public institutions. However, the comparison with other institutions gives us too limited view and no particular reasons of public to trust in media. Examining reasons of public trust in media solves current problematic approach. The objective of this paper is to identify practical and theoretical reasons that affect public trust in media. Hypothesis, that public trust in media is mainly dependent on media's content has been raised. Theoretical outline of this paper is supported by McQuail's theoretical approach which distinguishes four different forces that influence the media content. According to this, media and its content fall under economical, social and political pressures. While analyzing media within latter framework, media and society relationship, media's role in social life were examined. This gave a theoretical view of factors that influence media's content from the social perspective. Economical and political factors that influence media's content were analyzed using the same framework. When the theoretical analysis is done a public trust in media in Lithuania research was organized. In a survey of 149 respondents, relationship between trust in media and the relationship of attitudinal components was tested. Theoretical analysis supported by the results of the survey suggests that public trust in media is mainly dependent not only on media's ability to satisfy social, political and information needs, but also on individual's attitude towards the media content. In the end, paper can be used as a framework for more detailed analysis of public trust in media. To be exact, the practical analysis and the research on public's social, political and information needs with the support of this paper will give a comprehensive approach to public trust in media.
