Suchergebnisse

Die Notwendigkeit einer Integration qualitativer und quantitativer Ansätze wird in den Sozialwissenschaften bereits seit längerer Zeit anerkannt; die Forschungspraxis trägt dieser Notwendigkeit jedoch nur selten Rechnung. Der beste Weg, um dieser Zielsetzung näher zu kommen, besteht ggf. in einer Auswahl spezifischer Aspekte empirischer Forschung, in denen die beiden Ansätze eine Zusammenarbeit erreichen können. Ein solcher Aspekt betrifft das Problem des Umgangs mit Verweigerungen in der Umfrageforschung. In diesem Beitrag steht insbesondere der "telefonische Erstkontakt" im Vordergrund, ein klar definierter Schritt im Prozess der Umfrageforschung. Der Schritt ist insofern unverzichtbar, als es während des Kontaktes zu den besagten Verweigerungen kommen kann. Verweigerungen sind ein zunehmendes Problem, das gerade für die Umfrageforschung eine Bedrohung darstellt – und zwar insofern, als der Versuch, den Folgen des Problems entgegenzuwirken, zu einer Verzerrung der statistischen Schlussfolgerungen und der Datenauswertung führen kann. Die Ratschläge zur Gestaltung des Erstkontakts in Handbüchern der Umfrageforschung sind häufig unrealistisch und widersprüchlich. In solchen Texten findet sich außerdem häufig der Vorschlag, statistische Gewichtungen zu verwenden. Im Folgenden wird jedoch die Position vertreten, dass solche Gewichtungen künstlich und zudem häufig völlig willkürlich sind. Aus diesem Grund ist es wichtig, soweit als möglich ein Design mit einer Zufallsstichprobe beizubehalten, indem man versucht, so viele ausgewählte Respondent(inn)en als möglich von einer Teilnahme zu überzeugen. Zu diesem Zweck müssen Forscher(innen) vor allem die telefonischen Kommunikationsprozesse zwischen Interviewer(in) und Respondent(in) stärker beachten; ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Identifikation und der Verbesserung geeigneter rhetorischer Strategien. Auf der Grundlage eigener Forschung macht der Autor Vorschläge für die Handhabung des Erstkontakts und bezüglich rhetorischer Strategien, die dabei zur Anwendung kommen können. Es wird weiterhin gezeigt, wie Diskurs- und Konversationsanalyse relevante Techniken bereits durch die Identifikation derjenigen Strategien verbessern kann, die ein Interviewer bei der Handhabung des Kontakts einsetzt. Dies ist ein erster wichtiger Schritt in Richtung auf die Identifikation der besten Vorgehensweise für die Kommunikation mit Respondent(inn)en.

Research policy increasingly expects qualitative social science data to be archived and made available for reuse. However, there is a lack of empirical analyses of the practical possibilities and consequences of archiving. With our contribution we address this gap. We present a failed archiving attempt of semi-structured interviews in a sociology of science project, prompted by the request of the funding agency to provide the data for reuse. We reconstruct all decision-making processes that were made to prepare the data archiving. We had to decide whether and in what form data should be archived, how the principle of informed consent is realized, how we obtain the consent of the interviewee, how we anonymise the interviews and how context information is provided. Our analysis shows that the requirements of data protection and research ethics can lead to insurmountable research-practical problems that stand in the way of archiving qualitative data. Such problems also occur in other areas of sociology.

International audience Purpose: Sentiment analysis is built from the information provided through text (reviews) to help understand the social sentiment toward their brand, product, or service. The main purpose of this paper is to draw an overview of the topics and the use of the sentiment analysis approach in tourism research. Methods: The study is a bibliometric analysis (VOSviewer), with a systematic and integrative review. The search occurred in March 2021 (Scopus) applying the search terms "sentiment analysis" and "tourism" in the title, abstract, or keywords, resulting in a final sample of 111 papers. Results: This analysis pointed out that China (35) and the United States (24) are the leading countries studying sentiment analysis with tourism. The first paper using sentiment analysis was published in 2012; there is a growing interest in this topic, presenting qualitative and quantitative approaches. The main results present four clusters to understand this subject. Cluster 1 discusses sentiment analysis and its application in tourism research, searching how online reviews can impact decision-making. Cluster 2 examines the resources used to make sentiment analysis, such as social media. Cluster 3 argues about methodological approaches in sentiment analysis and tourism, such as deep learning and sentiment classification, to understand the usergenerated content. Cluster 4 highlights questions relating to the internet and tourism. Implications: The use of sentiment analysis in tourism research shows that government and entrepreneurship can draw and enhance communication strategies, reduce cost, and time, and mainly contribute to the decisionmaking process and understand consumer behavior.

International audience ; Purpose: Sentiment analysis is built from the information provided through text (reviews) to help understand the social sentiment toward their brand, product, or service. The main purpose of this paper is to draw an overview of the topics and the use of the sentiment analysis approach in tourism research. Methods: The study is a bibliometric analysis (VOSviewer), with a systematic and integrative review. The search occurred in March 2021 (Scopus) applying the search terms "sentiment analysis" and "tourism" in the title, abstract, or keywords, resulting in a final sample of 111 papers. Results: This analysis pointed out that China (35) and the United States (24) are the leading countries studying sentiment analysis with tourism. The first paper using sentiment analysis was published in 2012; there is a growing interest in this topic, presenting qualitative and quantitative approaches. The main results present four clusters to understand this subject. Cluster 1 discusses sentiment analysis and its application in tourism research, searching how online reviews can impact decision-making. Cluster 2 examines the resources used to make sentiment analysis, such as social media. Cluster 3 argues about methodological approaches in sentiment analysis and tourism, such as deep learning and sentiment classification, to understand the usergenerated content. Cluster 4 highlights questions relating to the internet and tourism. Implications: The use of sentiment analysis in tourism research shows that government and entrepreneurship can draw and enhance communication strategies, reduce cost, and time, and mainly contribute to the decisionmaking process and understand consumer behavior.

This qualitative study aims to interpret the results of a randomized controlled trial comparing two educational programs (directed learning and self-directed learning) in evidence-based medicine (EBM) for medical students at the University of Oslo from 2002 to 2003. There is currently very little comparative educational research in this field. In the trial, no statistically significant differences between the study groups were shown for any outcomes considered (EBM knowledge, skills, and attitudes). Further analysis suggests that main reason for the negative trial results was that the majority of students learned equally effectively, whichever program they received, although implementation of the educational programs was not complete because of varying attendance. This study illustrates a stepwise evaluation model that might be useful in evaluating other socially complex interventions.

Background In an effort to reduce the high rate of suicide among post-9/11 veterans, a collaborative team within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has developed a holistic community-based health promotion program designed to facilitate social and self-connectedness. The purpose of this study was to elicit veteran and stakeholder feedback to prepare the program for piloting and implementation. Methods Focus groups and interviews were conducted with post-9/11 veterans and veteran stakeholders (e.g., VA clinicians) to elicit feedback regarding the health promotion program. Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Qualitative thematic analysis identified key themes emerging from the focus groups and interviews. Results Seven focus groups (3 Veteran groups, 4 stakeholder groups) and 3 interviews (2 Veterans, 1 stakeholder) were conducted with 41 participants (14 veterans, 27 stakeholders). Overall, participants had a positive perception of the program. Thematic analysis revealed shared perspectives that provided insight into 1) enhancing program recruitment and retention, 2) the perceived ability of a health promotion program to provide more holistic, veteran-centered care, and 3) using health promotion programs to help veterans establish structure in their daily lives. Conclusions Findings indicated an overall acceptance of the program, and participants' perspectives on how to reduce barriers and enhance facilitators can inform the development of a larger-scale health promotion program that can be tested through future research. While discussion questions were specifically focused on the program in this study, findings can be considered more broadly for the design and implementation of related programs to effectively improve the health and wellness of post-9/11 veterans.

In the next few decades, our aging population will place an unprecedented demand for home and community care supports and healthcare resources. Members of the baby boom cohort will reach 65 years of age in the next ten years, and older seniors, those 80 years plus, will increase rapidly between 2026 and 2045. This research considers how we might better prepare and meet the needs of a growing older adult population by asking: 1) what community-based alternatives for older adult care exist, 2) what might promote health and wellbeing among older adults, and 3) how do we create resilience in the healthcare system. This project applied qualitative research and design methods to illustrate stakeholder perspectives and experiences of older adult care and various system inputs and enablers. Findings indicate a desire for alternative models of care that leverage the strengths of both government and community, that represent values of respect and dignity, and that enable the needs and preferences of older adults to be met regardless of residential, social and economic differences.

PurposeCulturally responsive teaching is widely recognized as beneficial to students, especially those from historically marginalized communities. The social studies literature includes many studies of what culturally responsive teaching looks like in practice and how it can be taught to pre-service teachers. However, little is known about how in-service social studies teachers advance their knowledge and skills in this area. Studies of professional development (PD) suggest action research is a powerful format for teacher learning, but few closely examine the specific mechanisms through which action research fosters culturally responsive teaching.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative case study of three secondary social studies teachers draws on the following data: two in-depth interviews with each teacher, audio recordings of action research meetings, project artifacts and field notes. Data were analyzed through multiple rounds of inductive and deductive coding using a codebook developed by a diverse group of researchers. The teacher participants reviewed and confirmed the findings.FindingsAll three teachers expanded their use of culturally responsive social studies instruction through systematic inquiry into their own interactions with students. The action research process fostered this growth through the following specific mechanisms: reflecting and reading independently, using data to strengthen relationships and leveraging a structure for addressing race and power in the curriculum.Originality/valueThis study illustrates how teacher action research can foster culturally responsive teaching by allowing educators to self-direct their own critical reflection and data gathering on inequities in their schools. It can also provide a structure for elevating histories that have traditionally been marginalized in standardized curricula.

The nature of qualitative research practices is multiparadigmaticity which creates coexistence of different research and analytical approaches to the study of human experience in the living world. This diversity is particularly observed in the contemporary field of narrative research and data analysis. The purpose of this article is a methodological reflection on the process of developing typology and a proposition of new data-driven and practice-based typology of narrative analyses used by qualitative researchers in the lived experience research. I merge the CAQDAS, Corpus Linguistics, and Text Mining procedures to examine the analytical strategies inherited in a vivid language of English-language research articles, published in five influential qualitative methodological journals between 2002-2016. Using the dictionary-based content analysis in the coding process, hierarchical clustering, and topic modeling – a text-mining tool for discovering hidden semantic structures in a textual body – I confront Catherine Kohler Riessman's heuristic typology with the data-driven approach in order to contribute the more coherent image of narrative analysis in the contemporary field of qualitative research. Finally, I propose a new model of thinking about the typology of narrative analyses based upon research practices.

Dieser Artikel geht der Relevanz multipler Verzeitlichungen für die Diskursanalyse von Zeugenbefragungen nach. Schritt für Schritt und mittels einer Reihe empirischer Fallstudien erweitert der Autor das analytische Feld (von Fragen und Fragekomplexen bis hin zur Befragungen mit Hilfe von Akten und Archiven). Zielsetzung ist die Rekonstruktion der effizienten Ressourcen und Mittel forensischer und administrativer Befragungen. Die Interviews erweisen sich als äußerst wirkungsmächtig, sobald sie Duplizität entfalten, womit eine partielle Trennung von Sprachproduktion und Sprachrezeption gemeint ist. Abschließend argumentiert der Autor zugunsten einer symmetrischen Sichtweise auf wissenschaftliche (qualitative) Interviews und forensische Befragungen. Die Trennung von Produktion und Rezeption wird in der qualitativen Methodik weitgehend ignoriert.

"Language is a non-neutral, but powerful research tool. This article focuses on two issues: 1. methodological suggestions ensuing from the translation of the founding text of grounded theory methodology (GTM) in the light of the recent literature regarding the translation studies and 2. philosophical reflections and methodological implications about the use of a different language in doing GTM. Both these issues can be useful for GTM practitioners, in particular for native English speakers, since they can uncover some implications of the use of the language in doing research that are commonly taken for granted and underestimated. The translation process has to do with the understanding and use of a social research method. In this sense, to translate, under certain regards, is doing research, a rigorous inquiry aimed at understanding a text. The similarities of these two parallel processes are closely reviewed. Moreover doing research in another language is a powerful analytic resource. Coding in another language requires continuous acts of interlinguistic translation so that it grows our own faculty to understanding. Differences are highlighted, by providing examples from research, among coding in English (an isolating language suitable for advanced coding and memoing) and in Italian (an inflectional language, more suitable for early coding and memoing)." (author's abstract)

In diesem Beitrag beschäftigen wir uns mit Fragen der Vergleichbarkeit und Portabilität computergestützter Analysesoftware (Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis, CAQDAS). Wir gehen dabei von einer Perspektive des Data Sharing und der Archivierung von Daten aus, für die mit Blick auf die Nachhaltigkeit der Datensammlung und ihrer Bearbeitung/Annotation offene Standards erforderlich sind. Deskriptive Metadaten erlauben, die Daten selbst verlässlich zu beschreiben, und durch die Nutzung verbreiterter, offener Standards ist es möglich, auf all diese teilweise sehr komplexen Bestände zuzugreifen. Z.B. haben übliche Forschungsdaten geteilte deskriptive Elemente wie Informationen zur Projektförderung, zum Sampling, zur Datenerhebung und -analyse. Um diese Daten langfristig zu halten und verfügbar zu machen, müssen sie in ihren Formaten von der jeweils genutzten Software/Plattform unabhängig sein. Allerdings nutzen die meisten CAQDAS-Programme proprietäre Formate für die Daten und für aus den Daten generierte Annotationen, und nur in sehr wenigen Fällen ist der Export annotierter Daten möglich.
Im Unterschied hierzu favorisieren wir offene, deskriptive Standards, die die nachhaltige Beschreibung und Interpretation von Daten in Datenarchiven erlauben, sowie die Möglichkeit des Imports/Exports dieser annotierten Daten durch proprietäre Programme. Annotation meint dabei alle Operationen, die mit den Daten vollzogen werden, also Klassifzierungen, Kodieren, Memoschreiben, Daten/Kodes verknüpfen usw.; eine Begriffsverwendung, die eher in der Linguistik als in den Sozialwissenschaften üblich ist.

In this essay, our purposes are to inspire particular avenues of future research addressing Transgender students, in middle school in particular, and to inform the professional development of teachers in support of these Transgender youth. In relation to the ways in which research can more authentically represent Transgender identity, we argue for the use of Transgender theory as a guiding framework for research addressing Transgender students, issues, and needs. We also describe the particular affordances of qualitative, ethnographic, and phenomenological studies in capturing the unique and highly personal experiences and realities of Transgender individuals, and specifically, in middle school. We then discuss how schools are structured socially and politically along heteronormative and cisnormative lines, presenting a stumbling block for Transgender rights advocacy in educational contexts. Finally, we review the potential of teachers to be the necessary educational change agents to spur greater understanding of and advocacy for students' gender inclusivity.

Purpose: Sentiment analysis is built from the information provided through text (reviews) to help understand the social sentiment toward their brand, product, or service. The main purpose of this paper is to draw an overview of the topics and the use of the sentiment analysis approach in tourism research. Methods: The study is a bibliometric analysis (VOSviewer), with a systematic and integrative review. The search occurred in March 2021 (Scopus) applying the search terms "sentiment analysis" and "tourism" in the title, abstract, or keywords, resulting in a final sample of 111 papers. Results: This analysis pointed out that China (35) and the United States (24) are the leading countries studying sentiment analysis with tourism. The first paper using sentiment analysis was published in 2012; there is a growing interest in this topic, presenting qualitative and quantitative approaches. The main results present four clusters to understand this subject. Cluster 1 discusses sentiment analysis and its application in tourism research, searching how online reviews can impact decision-making. Cluster 2 examines the resources used to make sentiment analysis, such as social media. Cluster 3 argues about methodological approaches in sentiment analysis and tourism, such as deep learning and sentiment classification, to understand the user-generated content. Cluster 4 highlights questions relating to the internet and tourism. Implications: The use of sentiment analysis in tourism research shows that government and entrepreneurship can draw and enhance communication strategies, reduce cost, and time, and mainly contribute to the decision-making process and understand consumer behavior.