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"This study creates a typology of education systems. It uses empirical analysis to deter-mine six types of education governance on the basis of various factors such as the degree of state involvement or funding sources, and structural differences of average time spent on homework or the degree of support for low achievers. It reveals differences in output among these 'types' as measured by student performance, and relative equality of performance. The typology reflects similarities in governance of education among groups of countries, and indicates that common geography and history may be more of a linking factor than expected in a globalized world." (author's abstract)

The ever-changing environment in which ports operate has put strong pressure on the role of port authorities. The evolution of port governance has so far mainly been analysed in qualitative terms, through expert knowledge and case studies. This article fills a research gap in providing a quantitative analysis of port governance in Europe, using data from a major survey, which the European Sea Ports Organisation carried out in 2010 to prepare a new edition of its 'Fact-Finding Report'. These reports have been monitoring port governance diversity since the 1970s. The 2010 survey was based on a new conceptual background, which takes into account the evolution of ports, as well as new perspectives on the role of port authorities. This article provides a quantitative assessment of the survey results, identifying elements that may explain the governance diversity of European seaports. This is done with the help of factor analysis. The results confirm the existence of different types of port governance models in Europe, which to some extent correspond to the hypothetical typology according to which port authorities can be conservators, facilitators or entrepreneurs. Differences are mainly geographically defined and the subdivision in Hanseatic, Latin, Anglo-Saxon and new Member State port authorities proves to be a valuable one. In addition to this geographical explanation of diversity, the analysis also detects different governance practices between small and large ports.

"The book studies the process of economic and industrial development in the Republic of China (1912-1949), in the hope of shedding light on how China came to be a comparative economic laggard in the period, especially in comparison to Japan. Backing up by a large amount of industrial statistical data gathered and rigorously analyzed by the author, the book stands out from previous research that has been limited to theoretical inferences and general judgments with scarce empirical evidence. So, far from being a pure historical review of China's industrial development, the book focuses on the internal logic of economic phenomena, especially the relationship among economic variables reflected in economic data, and carries out discussions within the framework of economic development theory. The author uses multivariate statistical analysis to draw comparisons between the industrial development of China and that of Japan, focusing on outbound investment and the importance of this for economic growth. The book will appeal to academics and general readers interested in economic development and the modern economic history of East Asia, development economics, as well as industrial and technological history."

This study employed a multidimensional analysis to evaluate transnational patterns of scientific research to determine relative research strengths among widely varying nations. Findings from this study may inform national policy with regard to the most efficient use of scarce national research resources, including government and private funding. Research output from 34 countries is examined using a conceptual framework that emphasizes the ratio of research resources devoted to a particular field to research output measured by publications in peer-reviewed journals. Using cluster analysis and k-means analysis, we conclude that countries' research output (as measured by the number of published peer-reviewed articles) and their efficiency (as measured by a ratio of research output to dollars allocated to research) together indicate a comparative advantage within any given country's own menu of research choices and an absolute advantage relative to other countries. This study implies that the more countries engage in publication in areas of relative strength and consume research in areas of relative weakness, the stronger their entire research agenda will become.

This article accounts for the structural transformation of the Indian economy over the recent decades. Empirical estimates imply a relatively higher elasticity of substitution in services than in manufacturing, while the growth rates of labour-augmenting productivity in both of these sectors are of similar magnitude, in contrary to what previous growth accounting exercises suggest. Simulation of a multi-sectoral growth model with these estimates succeeds in replicating the trends of sectoral value-added shares as well as the declining labour shares of value added in manufacturing and services sectors during the sample period. The model improves on previous studies in matching the trends of sectoral shares of employment. Thus, the services sector's flexibility in factor substitution compared to that of manufacturing can explain, at least in part, the rapid growth of services in the recent period.JEL Classification: O11, O41, O53

This article serves as a guide for conducting statistical analyses in a reasoned action context. Using structural equation modeling concepts, the authors identify two elements of reasoned action data: the structural component relating theoretical variables to one another and a measurement component defining the theoretical constructs. The authors then describe a three-step analytic approach: analyzing the proximal determinants of intention to perform a behavior, analyzing the underlying beliefs, and performing a segmentation analysis for intervention design purposes. In each step, when appropriate, the authors discuss the role of background/precursor variables. The authors conclude by addressing several common analytic issues that may arise when conducting a reasoned action analysis, such as the role of past behavior and testing for moderation.