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Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Part I: Evaluating HIV Prevention Programs: Context and Concepts -- Chapter 1. Overview of HIV Prevention Programs in Developing Countries -- Chapter 2. Implications of Economic Evaluations for National HIV Prevention Policy Makers -- Chapter 3. Statistical Issues in HIV Prevention -- Chapter 4. Epidemiological Issues in the Evaluation of HIV Prevention Programs -- Part II: Cost-Effectiveness and Resource Allocation -- Chapter 5. Difficult Choices, Urgent Needs: Optimal Investment in HIV Prevention Programs -- Chapter 6. Methadone Treatment as HIV Prevention: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis -- Chapter 7. Costs and Benefits of Imperfect HIV Vaccines: Implications for Vaccine Development and Use -- Part III: Case Studies -- Chapter 8. Harm Reduction in Rome: A Model-Based Evaluation of Its Impact on the HIV-1 Epidemic -- Chapter 9. Evaluating Israel's Ethiopian Blood Ban -- Chapter 10. Feeding Strategies for Children of HIV-Infected Mothers: Modeling the Trade-Off Between HIV Infection and Non-HIV Mortality -- Part IV: New Methods for New Problems -- Chapter 11. Design of HIVTrials for Estimating External Effects -- Chapter 12. Estimation of Vaccine Efficacy for Prophylactic HIV Vaccines -- Chapter 13. Health Policy Modeling: Epidemic Control, HIV Vaccines, and Risky Behavior -- Chapter 14. Development and Validation of a Serologic Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion -- Chapter 15. Issues in Quantitative Evaluation of Epidemiologic Evidence for Temporal Variability of HIV Infectivity -- Index.

Front Matter -- Contents -- Preface -- Executive Summary -- 1 Lie Detection and the Polygraph -- 2 Validity and Its Measurement -- 3 The Scientific Basis for Polygraph Testing -- 4 Evidence from Polygraph Research: Qualitative Assessment -- 5 Evidence from Polygraph Research: Quantitative Assessment -- 6 Alternative Techniques and Technologies -- 7 Uses of Polygraph Tests -- 8 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Appendix A Polygraph Questioning Techniques -- Appendix B Use of Polygraph Screening in the U.S. Department of Energy and Other Federal Agencies -- Appendix C The Wen Ho Lee Case and the Polygraph -- Appendix D Physiological Processes Measured by the Polygraph -- Appendix E Historical Notes on the Modern Polygraph -- Appendix F Computerized Scoring of Polygraph Data -- Appendix G Process for Systematic Review of Polygraph Validation Studies -- Appendix H Quantitative Assessment of Polygraph Test Accuracy -- Appendix I False Positive Index Values for Polygraph Testing -- Appendix J Decision Analysis of Polygraph Security Screening -- Appendix K Combining Information Sources in Medical Diagnosis and Security Screening -- Appendix L Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff -- Index.

La evolución de la radio en los últimos años ha derivado en una creciente presencia y utilización de las redes sociales como canal de comunicación con sus audiencias y la aparición de nuevas narrativas. Esta investigación explora el tratamiento que las cuatro principales cadenas radiofónicas españolas -SER, COPE, Onda Cero y Radio Nacional de España- realizaron en Instagram durante la investidura de Pedro Sánchez como presidente del Gobierno de España. Del análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo realizado se deriva que la implantación de la radio en Instagram es, todavía, incipiente en algunos casos, pero que, sin embargo, cadenas como SER y COPE ya aplican nuevas narrativas en la red social. La radio emplea Instagram para informar y también como espacio para los géneros opinativos, y lo hace con un impacto notable en las comunidades de seguidores. ; Radio's evolution in recent years is characterised by the growing presence and use of social networks as communication channels with their audiences and the emergence of new narratives. This research explores the coverage carried out by the four main Spanish radio stations - Cadena SER, COPE, Onda Cero and Radio Nacional de España - through their Instagram accounts during the inauguration of Pedro Sánchez as President of the Government of Spain. The results obtained from an analysis of quantitative and qualitative content reveal that, in some cases, the introduction of radio on Instagram is still in its infancy. However, stations such as SER and COPE have already implemented new narratives in this social network. The radio uses Instagram to inform and also as a platform for opinion genres having a significant impact on the communities of followers. ; Este trabajo ha sido realizado en el marco del Grupo de Investigación en Comunicación e Información Digital (GICID) de la Universidad de Zaragoza, reconocido como grupo de referencia por el Gobierno de Aragón con el código S29_20R (Núm. 62 del Boletín Oficial de Aragón, de fecha 26/03/2020), dentro del área de Ciencias Sociales y financiado por el Fondo Social Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER "Construyendo Europa desde Aragón".

The work needed to mechanically drive molten metal into a porous solid preform when producing a composite material by infiltration can significantly exceed the energy change required for thermodynamically reversible infiltration. We measure, by quantitative metallographic analysis of partially infiltrated, particle- or fiber-based non-metallic preforms, the evolution with saturation of the three interfaces present during the process. Results show that irreversible energy losses in the infiltration of alumina preforms by molten copper, aluminium or aluminium-tin alloy cannot be ascribed to the creation of liquid meniscus surface area at intermediate metal saturation. This result agrees with similar observations in soil science and gives experimental confirmation of predictions from a recent simulation of capillarity-dominated metal infiltration [Acta Mater., vol. 210, 2021, 116831]. ; This work was chiefly sponsored by the Swiss National Science Foundation (FNS), Project No. 200021 149899. J.M. Molina-Jordá acknowledges funding from the Spanish "Agencia Estatal de Investigación" (AEI) and the European Union (FEDER funds) through grant MAT2016-77742-C2-2-P.

"This book is intended for use as an elementary and intermediate text. Although it is designed primarily as a basic text for university and college students, it may also prove to be useful for the more advanced students. It contains essentially all the elements of statistics actually used by most graduate students. Because of lack of space, certain technical applications of statistical methods have been omitted, but the methods and principles underlying most of those techniques have been explained. It seemed more advisable to devote space to the teaching of basic principles than to their specialized applications. Throughout the book emphasis has been placed upon interpretation, logical analysis, and the intelligent application of techniques, though not to the neglect of computational skills or the statistical techniques themselves. Besides the development of good technical training, the major objectives in the study of statistics should be the development of a wholesome skepticism, a critical attitude, and a keen quantitative sense in situations involving statistical data. Illustrative examples and problems have been chosen from fields other than education and psychology in order to give the student a wider and more general knowledge of statistical methods and their applications"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved).

This PhD thesis seeks to contribute towards closing a research gap in the knowledge about the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) as an African Union (AU) and United Nations (UN) authorised peace enforcement operation. In so doing, the study covers the period 2007-2017 and attempts to fulfil three broad objectives. Firstly, it examines the implementation of AMISOM mandate amidst foreign interventions and their underlying implications for the strategic AU-UN partnership. Secondly, the thesis attempts to examine any significant changes towards the implementation of the mandate by assessing the evolution of AMISOM's decade-long presence in Somalia. The analysis focuses on whether AMISOM has morphed into an exercise in self-interest or still pursuing the shared strategic objectives for which it was established. Thirdly, the study confronts the theoretical idea imposed by Western ideologies to export liberal democracy through peacekeeping operations, especially as it relates to regional peace operations. In a sense, it contrasts between liberalism and realism vis-à-vis peacekeeping operations in order to account for the case of AMISOM given the involvement of frontline states whose realist strategy in Somalia has presented a major dilemma. Given the latitude, the study adopts an interdisciplinary and mixed methodology approach in its analysis of foreign interventions and the pursuit of illicit commercial interests in a conflict economy milieu marked by attempts to counter al-Shabaab in Somalia. As a qualitative research, the study relies on primary and secondary data sources including relevant articles and journals, although aspects of quantitative method have also been used where appropriate. ; Esta tese de doutoramento visa contribuir para o preenchimento de uma lacuna de pesquisa no conhecimento sobre a Missão da União Africana na Somália (AMISOM), como uma operação de imposição da paz autorizada pela União Africana (UA) e endossada pelas Nações Unidas (ONU). O âmbito do estudo abrange o período 2007- 2017 e ambiciona cumprir três objetivos principais. Em primeiro lugar, examina a implementação do mandato da AMISOM no meio de intervenções estrangeiras e as suas implicações subjacentes para a parceria estratégica UA-ONU. Em segundo lugar, a tese tenta examinar quaisquer mudanças significativas em relação à implementação do mandato, avaliando a evolução da AMISOM após uma década de presença na Somália. A análise concentra-se em determinar se a AMISOM se transformou num exercício em interesse próprio ou se ainda persegue os objetivos estratégicos comuns para os quais foi estabelecida. Em terceiro lugar, o estudo confronta a ideia teórica imposta pelas ideologias ocidentais para exportar a democracia liberal por meio de operações de manutenção da paz, especialmente no que se refere as operações de paz regionais. Em certo sentido, contrasta entre liberalismo e realismo face às operações de manutenção da paz com vista a contextualizar o caso da AMISOM, dado o envolvimento dos Estados da linha da frente, cuja estratégia realista na Somália apresentou um grande dilema. Dada a latitude, o estudo adopta uma abordagem metodológica interdisciplinar e mista, na análise de intervenções estrangeiras e a prossecução de interesses comerciais ilícitos, num ambiente de economia de guerra marcado por tentativas de conter o "al-Shabaab" na Somália. Tratando-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, o estudo baseia-se principalmente em fontes primárias e secundárias, incluindo artigos e periódicos relevantes, embora alguns aspectos do método quantitativo tenham sido também aplicados.