Suchergebnisse

Ukraine is undergoing complex and ambiguous processes of legal system reforming within which a significant number of normative legal acts were adopted, which in many cases do not take into account the national peculiarities and traditions of the Ukrainian people. In such circumstances, it is necessary to refer to the experience gained during the existence of the Cossack-Hetman state, which was the codification of Ukrainian law resulted in the preparation of "Rights of the Little Russian people" in 1743. This monument of law was to regulate the legal system, to replace a significant number of sources of law and prevent the spread of imperial law. For the first time, the method of quantitative indicators was used to study the ancient monument of law, which included calculations of the number of characters in the whole document, chapters, articles and assessment of the uneven distribution of material. According to the calculations, the largest number of signs falls on Chapter 20 – 126175 or 11,9%, devoted to liability for serious crimes, in second place, Chapter 16, devoted to civil law, contains 83,839 characters, or 7,9%, in third place is Chapter 8, which deals with procedural issues related to litigation, has 83,360 marks, or 7,8% of the total material. These results prove that the authors of the law memo pay considerable attention to the issues of liability for criminal offenses. For the purpose of comparative analysis, similar information on the quantitative indicators of the Statute of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of 1588 was used, which showed that in this monument of law the largest number of signs is 29,7% of the total number of courts and judiciary. It is shown that both monuments of law have a significant uneven distribution of textual material, and their coefficients of variation are approximately the same. When systematizing the material by branches of law, it was proved that the greatest attention – 33,1% was paid to issues of civil law, the second place is occupied by issues of criminal law, which is 21,6%, the third place is occupied by rules related to procedural law – 17,8%. The obtained quantitative indicators reflect the process of property formation and the need to regulate property relations. The content of the monument also includes such areas as land, administrative, procedural, environmental law. The provisions of the monument affected the decisions made at the Congress in Hlukhov by Cossack officers in December 1763. The rights under which the people of Little Russia are being tried "in 1743. In general, the value of this study is to quantify this monument of law, which allows moving from descriptive to digital analysis of regulations and identify areas of legal regulation, which the most attention has been paid to.

Purpose - to determine the current state and trends in the formation, development, use, and implementation of the labor potential in Zhytomyr region, and to provide recommendations related to its activation. Design/Method/Approach. The methods applied in the study are theoretical generalization, reasoning, abstraction, analytical and economic-statistical. Findings. The paper considers main perspectives and gives interpretation of such concepts as human resources, labor potential (in a country, region, at an enterprise). The indicators that characterize the employment potential of the society are outlined; their classification is given. A characteristic of labor potential is provided based on the level of the structure. It is elucidated how the magnitude of the employment potential of the region is formed; its quantitative and qualitative aspects are considered. The state of the labor potential in Zhytomyr region is analyzed based on the demographic component, including the dynamics of natural growth of people. We give summary indicators of labor potential and define a role of the educational component in the formation of labor potential based on the number of persons who attended educational establishments. The main indicators of activity of economic entities are considered, as well as the economic activity of people based on the level of education. The data obtained allowed us to draw conclusions and devise recommendations for improving the current situation. Practical implications. Research results could be used when developing the proposals for effective formation and utilization of labor potential. Originality/Value. We highlighted approaches to defining the concept of "labor potential" and "labor potential of the region" and assessed and analyzed the state of labor potential; recommendations are given regarding its effective formation and use. Research limitations/Future research. It is planned to develop an efficient mechanism for the effective formation and utilization of labor potential both at the level of the region and an enterprise. Paper type - сonceptual.

The rapid development of the Internet has had an unprecedented impact on the improvement of the sociological method. At the turn of the millennium, this has led to the search for a new methodology and a gradual loss of interest to use of quantitative methods, which was perceived by specialists as a "crisis of empirical sociology". In the last decade, it turned out that almost all social processes of any level find their reflection in the virtual space, leave and accumulate so-called "digital footprints", which opens to researchers the widest perspectives for study of social reality. This article considers the features of digital primary information and generalized approaches to its use in terms of quantitative methodology. The author emphasizes that the classical sociological methods, which are based on mathematical statistics, are suitable for the analysis of digital reality and getting adequate research results. At the same time, as noted by most authors, who have studied this subject, there are perspectives for improving traditional sociological methods through: 1) a combination of representativeness of quantitative and depth of qualitative approaches to information analysis; 2) in-depth collection of paradata; 3) opportunities to study hard-to-reach social groups; 4) opportunities to fully implement the "principle of freedom from evaluation" due to the "non-reactivity" of digital data; 5) the ordering of digital footprints in space and time by clearly fixing the hosting. The post-demographic model of the social actor opens new ways to build samples of quantitative sociological research, which may be representative in terms of the classical sociological approach. The examples of research from this article show that the classical sociological method easily to adapt for the new digital reality and can be the basis for sociological consulting, development of social technologies in various spheres of social life.

It has been stated in the article that the development of scientific communication contributes to extending the role of scientific libraries, in which the professional competence of librarians is related to their knowledge of metadata and experience of working with large collections of documents. One of the tasks of the modern scientific library is to ensure completeness of search, quality of collection, selectivity of processing, reliability of storage, promptness of spreading information. The results of this professional activity can be transformed into intellectual property objects. Library professionals use bibliometric research methods to help them solve their professional tasks, which help in decision-making when purchasing magazines and databases; in library fund analysis; study of publications; researching statistics on the use of electronic documents. It is revealed that in recent decades, bibliometry has become a standard tool for scientific policy and research management in various fields of science.Bibliometry covers such research methods as citation analysis; analysis of reference journals; analysis of quantitative characteristics of primary documents; quantitative analysis of publications of individual authors and their citation; quantitative analysis of scientific publications of particular countries of the world, states, and certain teams of scientists; theoretical issues, including the study of patterns of growth, aging and rank distribution of scientific documents; content analysis of scientific documents; other issues related to spreading scientific documents. Such research requires library staff of creative ability and professional competence. Today's means of social communication define the new tasks for libraries, the activities of which are related to intellectualization of the library sphere. The results of bibliometric research may be subject to copyright, provided that they meet the criteria of safety, have signs of creativity and novelty.

An essential tool for improving efficiency of industrial production is the activation of innovation activities, which is based on the application of achievements in scientific and technical progress (STP) and contributes to both the economic development of enterprises and economic complex of the country as a whole. This is what predetermines the need for development of scientifically substantiated approaches to the management of innovative activity aimed at improving the efficiency of resource use and results of activity of industrial enterprises, as well as identifying the areas of its organization. An increase in efficiency of enterprise activity is related to its capacity to adapt to the peculiarities of modern competition and fast changing market environment, to respond in a timely manner to these changes, to define strategic directions of activity, such as the application of new technologies and creation of effective mechanisms for the implementation of innovations. The aim of present work is modeling the impact of technological innovations on the improvement of production efficiency by way of mathematical description of the patterns of interaction between innovation and production activities of industrial enterprise and determining quantitative effect from the implementation of new technologies on the decrease in production resource intensity and improvement in the operational results of the industrial sector of economy. We examined influence of technological innovations on the indicators of resource consumption in the production, based on economic-mathematical modeling of the interaction between production and innovation processes. Models for correlation dependence were devised of the resource-intensive production on the introduction of new technologies at an industrial enterprise in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukraine), using which we established and mathematically described a regularity of the impact of technological innovations on the magnitude of economic indicators of production activity at an industrial enterprise. Created economic-mathematical models allowed us to calculate a quantitative ratio of consumption-intensity of production and investments for progressive technological renewal of production, while the established interval limits – to predict possible changes in the indicators of production as a result of implementation of new technologies and to plan the results of enterprise activity depending on its investment and innovation activity. In the course of analysis, we calculated parameters that characterize quality of the developed models and indicate their adequacy and capability of application in practice. The scientific novelty of present research is in establishing and mathematical explanation of regularities of interaction between examined indicators of innovation and production activities by means of the developed economic-mathematical models, as well as in calculating quantitative effect of new technologies on the increase in performance efficiency of industrial enterprises. A practical value of the study is that mathematical formulas, developed by economic-mathematical modeling, allow us you to calculate the magnitude of indicators of resource intensity and production efficiency, which correspond to a certain volume of investments in new technologies. Created models of correlation dependence make it possible to determine the change in the magnitude of indicators of industrial activity as a result of effect from changes in the volume of investments in technological innovation and, consequently, to predict and plan results and the degree of increasing production efficiency based on available investment resources. Their quantitative ratio allows to assess qualitative and quantitative effect of the implemented new technologies for the improvement in industrial enterprise efficiency. A promising direction for further research is the creation of mechanism for managing investment-innovative activity and production efficiency based on technical and technological renewal of enterprises material–technical base.

Informatization of world science predetermined the emergence of new tools for measurement and evaluation of the work of a scientist in quantitative aspect and the creation of scientometric databases, respectively. The existence of different approaches to the assessment of knowledge with the use of the global scientometric databases confirms the relevance of this research. The aim of the research is the systematization of methodological approaches to the assessment of the knowledge accumulated in scientometric databases, and determining prospects for the development of the assessment of knowledge of Ukrainian authors in the world system of scientometric evaluation. We applied general scientific and special research methods: analysis, synthesis, comparative characteristics, theoretical generalization, system approach. In the work a scientometric database is defined as the platform that deposits (accumulates) in electronic format scientific works of scientists of different branches of knowledge and processes lists of cited literature, calculates certain quantitative indicators, based on which it is possible to analyze the influence/credibility of the activity of one or another publication, organization, scientist etc. It is stressed that the main indicator, with the help of which the assessment of knowledge is given, is the knowledge economy index. We carried out a historical review and found that the first and one of the most respected scientometric knowledge databases of the world is Web of Science, part of the platform of the Web of Knowledge. The most widely used quantitative measure that is calculated in this database is the index of efficiency. Another most famous database is Scopus, which Elsevier publishing corporation positions as the largest universal abstract database that allows tracking scientific citation of publications. In accordance with the declared policy of the corporation, this database must become the most complete and exhaustive resource for the search of literature. It was found that the projects concerning the use of the scientometric database Scopus for assessment of the scientific potential of Ukraine in general and individual subjects of scientific activities of the state at the level of the authorities of state governance began to emerge in 2009. It is stressed that only a small proportion of professional publications of Ukraine is integrated into Scopus and the Web of Science, and to analyze objectively the status of science development in the country with their help is impossible. We concluded that despite the inclusion of new publications into these databases, joining them is a complex and lengthy process. Out of several thousand of journals, the Web of Science selects about 10–12, Scopus ~ 50%. The review procedure lasts for almost a year and in case of rejection the renewed request for registration can be submitted only in 2 years. The assumption was adopted about the development of the assessment of knowledge by means of the most famous global scientometric databases in Ukraine: much time is yet to pass until most of the periodicals from the post–Soviet territory will be included into scientific repositories–leaders and a possibility will come to provide objective assessment with their assistance. The scientific novelty of the article is in the systematization of methodological approaches to the analysis and evaluation of knowledge in the world system of scientometric evaluation and in determining the prospects for the development of this sphere in Ukraine. The practical significance of the obtained results is the use by domestic scientists of the materials of the paper to determine scientometric databases and indexes that are the most appropriate for submitting publications and collaboration with the leading periodicals of the world by the fields of knowledge. At present, in the world practice they use 4 indexes of scientific citation as the main tool for the quantitative measurement of the efficiency of the work of a scientist. The use of such indexes is the prospect of further research in the development of the knowledge economy.

The article deals with the Ukrainian emigration to Poland. The article emphasizes that migration is a normal phenomenon in the global world, and therefore it is important not to dramatize the situation but to pay more attention to the adaptation of migrants in the recipient countries. Main terminology used for migrants and migration' description is sharpened. It is emphasized that it is not appropriate to treat any migration from Ukraine as "labor migration". The article provides quantitative data on Ukrainian migration abroad and its dynamics as well as results of researches on migrational intentions and plans. Arguments are being made that the current migration of Ukrainians (after 2010) can be identified as the fifth wave of Ukrainian emigration. The dynamics of the structure of Ukrainian migration abroad is described. Quantitative estimates of Ukrainian migration in Poland are given as well. It is shown that the Ukrainian migration to Poland is changing both quantitatively (growing) and qualitatively: the number of highly educated migrants and those who intend to stay in the country for permanent residence increases. It is reasoned that Poland is interested in Ukrainian workers because they produce reasonable part of Polish GDP and replace Poles who leave the country. That's why Polish state and non-state institutions and organizations try to improve conditions for Ukrainians in Poland and create new opportunities for work and living in the country. It is argued that research on this topic will be an important contribution to understanding the (post)modern society because the role of migrations in it is changing. Migrants' self-awareness and identity are changing as well which leads to changes in ways of adaptation and integration of migrants in recipient countries. In particular, cultural factors that determine the decision about emigration become more important: seeking for the environment that fits best for cultural demands of potential migrants becomes crucial. Differential approaches to different groups of migrants on the basis of sociological researches can be a better ground for practical decisions to improve adaptation of migrants.

Purpose: to scientifically substantiate the factors influencing the quality of receivables management. Design/Method/Research approach: This study uses a systematic approach and methods of synthesis, semantic analysis, historical analysis, analogies, generalization, explanation, classification and graphic are applied. Findings: Management of receivables, which for the seller's company are the debts of buyers - is one of the components of modern relations between enterprises. Limited resources force managers to select tools and sources of financing sales with deferred payment, as well as to analyze the factors that affect the quality of management of such deferred payment. The subsystem of receivables management is presented and analyzed, in which the factors (elements) important for effective management in the enterprise management system are highlighted, which are usually analyzed and corrected during the management of the level of receivables. It is proved that this subsystem needs to be refined taking into account the factors of the macroenvironment. It is emphasized that the factors of influence should be singled out for wholesalers, as in the wholesale chain compared to retail trade, the markup on the value of goods is reduced and it is necessary to financially ensure the sale of goods with deferred payment. Accounts receivable management is considered to be high quality and efficient when, as a result of such management, enterprises become financially stable. The system of factors, where the main role belongs to economic factors, is improved, the approach to their quantitative estimation is offered. Theoretical implications: The theoretical two-level mathematical model of quantitative estimation of factors of influence on quality of management of receivables of the enterprises is offered. Practical implications: The results of the study can be used in the management of receivables of enterprises, the formation of tools for assessing the quality of receivables and identify the main factors influencing the quality of receivables. Originality/Value: The scientific novelty of the research is the content of separate factors of influence on the quality of receivables management is generalized, structured and investigated. Research limitations/Future Research. Prospects for further research is the development of a comprehensive application mechanism for managing receivables, taking into account the factors influencing its quality and industry characteristics of enterprises. Paper type: theoretical.

The authors describe and propose ways to determine the level of school disadaptation. Associated psychological factors are identified: levels of school motivation and adaptation, situational and personal anxiety, indicators and forms of aggression, self-esteem of depression. The obtained experimental data on the tendency to disadaptation are analyzed, as well as the psychological factors that influence the formation of disadaptation of young school children are investigated.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of mental states and personality characteristics of elementary school children with disadaptation shall be conducted to study their school disadaptation, organization of comprehensive psychological and pedagogical assistance to school children, teachers and parents. Existing research methods are mainly based on self-estimation methodologies.

Experimental data on addiction to disadaptation was obtained, additionally, the psychological factors, which influence on disadaptation formation of elementary school children, were examined. The majority of examined children were found to have a low level of reactive anxiety and a high level of personal anxiety.

In the case of introduction of visa-free regime between Ukraine and the European Union (EU) there will arise a problem of matching throughput capacity of the Ukrainian checkpoints to the quantity of people who would want to cross the border. The absence of need for obtaining a visa does not eliminate compulsory customs and border control, but it potentially increases the number of people who intend to cross the border. A growing number of border crossings in case of their mismatch with the criteria for checkpoints are a potential non-tariff restricting barrier in international trade. A threat to the image of the country from the occurrence of such a tool of non-tariff regulation indicates relevance of present study. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of actual and potentially possible border crossings and to define directions for the optimization of procedures of such a crossing to eliminate negative impact of this non-tariff instrument of regulating international trade on the overall image of the country. We analyzed the peculiarities of crossing the border between Ukraine and the EU through automobile crossing points based on quantitative data regarding crossing the Ukrainian–Polish border. The goals and structure of movement across the border by frequency are clarified. We defined criteria for increase in the discrepancy between actual and nominal throughput capacities of the Ukrainian checkpoints. The scientific novelty of present research is establishing the nature of quantitative effect from restricting the crossing of border on the image of the country with the help of world rankings. A practical significance of the study is to identify ways to improve a procedure for crossing the border: 1) by combining Polish and Ukrainian infrastructure of control at checkpoints; 2) by creating separate lined for crossing the border by persons without transportation vehicles; 3) by simplifying a procedure of control at the border both by checking only by border staff and by increasing the value of goods that a citizen can bring into country; 4) by financing technical equipment for crossing points and their infrastructure by introducing a targeted general tax for persons who cross the border; 5) by compiling open and regular statistics of border crossing. A promising direction for further research is the economic substantiation of appropriateness of the proposed ways to improve the throughput capacities of checkpoints.

The relevance of the research is predetermined by the need, during the evaluation of innovation development of the region, to comprehensively consider the conditions, capacities, performance of this development. System research of the innovative development of the region to improve its innovation system is prevented by the lack of method for evaluation the innovation development of the region. In the domestic literature, the innovation development is mainly analyzed at the level of enterprises. The aim of the research was to identify the problems of innovation development of the region (the case of Kemerovo Region, Russian Federation) by clarifying the structure of the regional innovation system and improving the methods of its assessment. We applied the following methods of scientific knowledge: analysis, generalization, analogy, classification, comparison. The paper considers the concept of the innovative development of the region and the notion of regional innovation system; the three components of the regional innovation system were identified: innovation potential, innovation climate, innovative susceptibility. We attach the method of evaluation of innovative development of the region, the results of its testing on the example of Kemerovo Region. Based on the received results, the problems of innovative development of the region were highlighted (inconsistency in the actions of the authorities, businesses and science, limited demand and proposals of innovation, lack of qualified staff) and recommendations for enhancing the efficiency of innovative development of Kemerovo Oblast were formulated: the need for the development and implementation of the foresight–project "Innovative development of Kemerovo Region" with working out a roadmap, development of the territory marketing and innovation marketing. It was proven that the developed method of evaluation of innovation development can be used not only for the quantitative analysis of innovation activities in the region, but also to identify existing problems in this activity, the solution of which will help increase the efficiency of the innovative development of the region. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the application of the formulated recommendations as a set of actions will help Kemerovo Region follow the way of innovative development and take up stable positions on the market for innovations. The scientific novelty of the research lies in clarifying the concept of regional innovation system, development of methodology for the evaluation of the innovative development of the region, which helps not only the quantitative analysis of innovation activity but qualitative analysis of existing problems of regional development in the region. The prospects of this research are in the application of the developed method in other regions of the Russian Federation to conduct a comparative analysis of their innovative development, and in the identification of common and individual patterns and trends.

The article summarizes the research data of the discourse on Muslims in the Ukrainian media in terms of determining their inclusive potential. Based on the theoretical concepts of social inclusion, othering, social distance and discourse, the concepts of «inclusive discourse» and «inclusive potential of discourse» are conceptualized. The latter is understood as a characteristic of the influence of a certain discourse about a social group on the possibility and conditions of social interaction with this group. Considering the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the array of Ukrainian media publications about Muslims, the article presents the meanings of the nodal sign «Muslim» that influence social interaction with this group: extraterritoriality, exoticism, violence, disasters, accidents. An analysis of the headlines points to social distancing from Muslims through such discoursive mechanisms as «presenting the group as homogeneous» and «denying subjectivity». The five discourses of Muslims in the Ukrainian media identified in the previous stages of the study are characterized in terms of their inclusive potential. The main indicator of inclusiveness is the convergence of «we-they» discourses, what is embodied in the similarity of the chains of equivalence and the logic of difference between «we» and «they» discourses. With the usage of this tool, it has been proven that the discourses «Muslim-the hero of Ukraine» and «Muslim-protester» have inclusive potential in Ukrainian society, while «Muslim-terrorist» and «Muslim-victim» do not have such potential. In addition, the «Muslim-believer» discourse also is characterized has some inclusive potential.

The relevance of the topic is related to the psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to study the subjective well-being during the beginning of the pandemic and introduction of the quarantine measures and their connection to social media activity. The methods employed in the present study include various types of questionnaires, namely the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, Emmnos, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), and an original questionnaire developed to study the impact of the pandemic and the respondents' understanding and perceptions of it. The findings of the quantitative analysis show that the subjective well-being during the pandemic is connected to the use of social media, life satisfaction, health risks assessments and economic consequences, leisure time and the level of self-efficacy. A qualitative analysis indicates that at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine the negative predictions of the consequences of both the pandemic and the implemented quarantine measures prevail among the subjects. A longitudinal study during one month has found a reduction in health concerns, and respondents began to assess the threat to their health and economic consequences of the coronavirus pandemic as less serious than at the beginning. Thus, it can be concluded that from a short-term perspective the negative affect, especially the levels of fear and anxiety, decreased, whereas the level of the positive affect did not change.

The investigation of the problem of the emotional component of the present-day students' psychological health is topical in some circumstances. Firstly, the dialectical character of the emotions and feelings correlation, the role of personal feelings in psychological health's general characteristic. The article also elaborates on the necessity of including the spheres of value and motivation into the overall theoretical and methodological context of discussing the outlined problem. The article also presents the results of empiric studies aimed at investigating the internal organization of the notion of psychological health in students of local universities. The results suggest that students give an exceptional value to the motivational dimension of psychological health. Also, the propositions for the future research in the field of psychological health are outlined. The article also provides a sufficient theoretical review of the notion of psychological health in literary sources.

The role of quantitative and qualitative emotional characteristics in personal alteration are important nowadays. The idea of the following theoretical constructs such as "psychological resource" and "psychological health" is investigated. Such principal term as students' age period in personal skills development, that is defined as an ability "to operate his/her resources" is analyzed.

The fundamental psychological researches confirm the importance of the role of the person emotional readiness in his/her development as an "integrated education" which involves not only the psychological health, but also the mental health and spirituality among other components. Such aspect of the problem is investigated in the context of a behavior-oriented approach, where the components are the following: person action that correlate with the phenomenal-emotional manifestation, that is operationalized as the transition of moral sense in philosophy and spiritual dimension.

Legally established criteria for assessing the quality of scientific work of a scientist in Ukraine as well as the obligation to comply with them currently raise concerns of legal scholars. The purpose of the article is to analyze the legal regulation for performance evaluation of scholars, conducting legal studies, to outline the potential adverse consequences of implementing such provisions, as well as to analyze the practice of other states that have already faced similar challenges. Based on the results of comparative analysis, the author scrutinizes types of negative consequences of the use of quantitative indicators to assess the productivity of individual scientists and research institutions in other countries and suggests possible ways to improve the situation in Ukraine. It is stated that the obligation to publish the results of scientific work in a specified number of articles in journals indexed in the scientometric databases Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection, has some negative consequences for scholars in the field of law. Foreign publishers of journals indexed in the mentioned scientometric databases have a limited interest in Ukrainian legal research of national nature. This complicates the publication of results and gives rise to some negative practices of publication in non-core journals, more expensive publishing services, the emergence of "predatory journals". The problem can be, in particular, solved by changing the restrictive interpretation of legal requirements on the need to publish scientific results indexed exclusively in the two scientometric databases. Also, the specifics of law as a field of science of predominantly national importance should be taken into account. It is proposed to expand the list of scientometric databases recognized, as well as journals that are allowed to publish scientific results of scholars in the field of Law.