Suchergebnisse

El acuerdo firmado el 27 de septiembre pasado en Nueva York compromete a Argentina en dos cuestiones: sus recursos petrolíferos y el reclamo territorial sobre las islas Malvinas. Se trata de clarificar las diferencias entre lo que se dijo que Argentina obtuvo, lo que suscedió y lo que efectivamente se perdio. Concretamente, el Acuerdo no detalla ladistribución de Regalías. A criterio del autor la fórmula del "paraguas de Soberanía" no es efectiva porque se está concediendo un recurso cuya magnitud y significado económico son considerables. El mayor objetivo británico es la seguridad política del área, lo que fué alcanzado por el Acuerdo En este marco la negociación por Malvinas se enmarca en una "resignación realista". ; The agreement wich was signed last 27 september in New York compromises Argentina in respect with two issues: petroleum resources and the territorial claim on the Malvinas islands. It is necessary to make the diferences clear between what Argentina was said to obtain, what actually happened and what was in a fact lost. Definitely, the Agreement does not explain royalty distribution in detail. Acording to the author, the sovereignty umbrella formula is not effective, for it entails granting a resourse of considerable dimension and economic significance. The major British aim is political security in the area, wich has been reached by the Agreement. Within this framework, the negotiation on Malvinas can be said to represent a "Realistic Resignation". ; Dossier: Malvinas ; Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales

"This article opens with a brief analysis of key features of the Mexican semi-authoritarian regime. It then moves to a discussion of the critical realist positions and features that inform the strategic-relational approach (SRA). Attention is paid to social interactions and causal relations that enable the SRA to trace patterns of punctuated evolution and to highlight the processes of transformation. Since ideal types serve to highlight key characteristics in specifc phenomena, processes and actors, some features of ideal types of the state and of the transition from one type to another are also discussed. In particular, attention is paid to the Keynesian welfare national state (KWNS) and to the Schumpeterian workfare post-national regime (SWPR) ideal types elaborated by Jessop. For it is contended that the specific features of these ideal types could be of great help in broadening the debate on economic restructuring and political reforms in countries such as Mexico. Moreover, the SRA approach provides an insight into the endogenous features of social change and stresses the importance of networking for a strategic agenda as well. For the never-static dynamics of the processes of change the role of situated agents in context is fundamental, as it injects intentionality and acknowledges the contingency of the conditions that surround them".

This document addresses problems and questions that arise about realism or idealism in the context of the criminal policy of the double legislature in Iran, with the aim of revealing the available skills and capacities of the laws that govern the matter. Has the Iranian lawmaker followed an idealistic criminal policy? Is realism what is necessary for a dimensional criminal policy in Iran's criminal laws? What is the solution to the transition from religious idealism to a realist perspective preserving the status quo? What is certain is that, when examining existing criminal law, criminal policy based on religious idealism and dimensional realism can be seen in terms of criminological data; from the oldest data in criminal law to the latest criminal paradigms. Methodologically, documentary research technique and legal hermeneutics were used. It is concluded that traditional theologically based laws and sharia-based oversight bodies need a new dynamism and a new ijtihad. In this study, the dimensions of the subject and the form of transcendence from idealism to realism are given while preserving religious values.

"Spanish realism" has provoked many and various interpretations, centering around the term as a "sui generis" form of relating man to reality, both at epistemological as well as moral and political levels. María Zambrano developed an especially notable approach in her first lectures on Mexican soil from her previous reflections in Hora de España, which are analysed in this article. From Unamuno and Ortega, she evolved her own very interesting position which, being itself based on a philosophy of the history of Spain, becomes a fully philosophical proposal without borders. ; Muchas y varias han sido las interpretaciones que ha merecido la expresión "realismo español" como una forma "sui generis" de relación entre el hombre y la realidad tanto en los planos epistemológico como en el moral y político. María Zambrano desarrolló en sus primeras conferencias en tierras mexicanas una interesante aproximación a partir de sus anteriores reflexiones en Hora de España que son analizadas en este artículo. De Unamuno y Ortega evolucionó a una posición propia muy interesante que partiendo de una filosofía de la historia de España se constituye en una propuesta plenamente filosófica sin fronteras

Summary The aim is to briefly present three streams of selective realism in relation to scientific realism in general, namely structural realism, explicationism and entity realism. First, philosophical realism is defined and scientific realism and selective realism are characterised. It is assumed that the main result of selectivism is to be able to respond to the problem of unobservable institutions in science and to the problem of historical metaineering of theories, which connects them with other realistic proposals. This assumption is corroborated by the sections devoted to these currents, which have the same structure: first, it sets out the answer they give to the problem of institutions, followed by the answer to the theoretical problem involved in the metainorisation argument. Following this, there are also some criticisms open to each current. ; Resumen El objetivo es presentar brevemente tres corrientes del realismo selectivo en su relación con el realismo científico en general, a saber, el realismo estructural, el explicacionismo y el realismo de entidades. Primeramente, se define el realismo filosófico y se caracterizan el realismo científico y el realismo selectivo. Se parte de la hipótesis de que la principal virtud del selectivismo es poder responder al problema de las entidades inobservables en ciencia y al problema de la metainducción histórica de las teorías, algo que las conecta con otras propuestas realistas. Se corrobora esta hipótesis en los apartados dedicados a estas corrientes, que poseen una misma estructura: primero se expone la respuesta que dan al problema de las entidades, seguida por la respuesta al problema teórico que implica el argumento de la metainducción. Tras todo ello, se presentan también algunas críticas abiertas a cada corriente.

Artistic creation has been an inspiration of reflection for centuries: if it is a target itself or if it is a mean to achieve other political and ideological targets. This paper aims to study some related ideas from Marxism basis and the theoretical origin of the socialistic realism, considered as a post-added element far from classical conceptions of Marx. ; La cuestión de la creación artística ha sido motivo de reflexiones desde hace siglos: si es un fin en sí misma o si es medio de lograr otros fines, políticos e ideológicos. El presente trabajo se encamina a estudiar cuáles son las ideas al respecto planteadas en el marxismo y cuál ha sido el origen teórico del realismo socialista, considerado como un añadido posterior, ajeno a las concepciones de Marx.

Muchas y varias han sido las interpretaciones que ha merecido la expresión "realismo español" como una forma "sui generis" de relación entre el hombre y la realidad tanto en los planos epistemológico como en el moral y político. María Zambrano desarrolló en sus primeras conferencias en tierras mexicanas una interesante aproximación a partir de sus anteriores reflexiones en Hora de España que son analizadas en este artículo. De Unamuno y Ortega evolucionó a una posición propia muy interesante que partiendo de una filosofía de la historia de España se constituye en una propuesta plenamente filosófica sin fronteras ; "Spanish realism" has provoked many and various interpretations, centering around the term as a "sui generis" form of relating man to reality, both at epistemological as well as moral and political levels. María Zambrano developed an especially notable approach in her first lectures on Mexican soil from her previous reflections in Hora de España, which are analysed in this article. From Unamuno and Ortega, she evolved her own very interesting position which, being itself based on a philosophy of the history of Spain, becomes a fully philosophical proposal without borders

Pensada en sentido spinozista, la paz no se construye contra el derecho natural sino con él y como resultado de él; no implica su cancelación sino su redireccionamiento, su politización. Remite a una ontología política que desmantela tanto la idea del bue ; In a Spinosist way, peace is not constructed against natural law, but within it and as its result. It does not imply law's cancellation, but its redirection, its politicization. Peace thus evokes a political ontology that takes down both the idea of good

D'Ors offers a particular vision of Law, close to realism but certainly different from it. In this article, I briefly discuss the idea of this jurist on the various meanings of ius, the value of judicial decisions, the importance of legislation to society and the relevance of Natural Law. ; D'Ors ofrece una visión particular del Derecho, próxima al realismo pero ciertamente distinta. En este artículo se analiza brevemente la idea de este jurista sobre los diversos significados del ius, el valor de las decisiones judiciales, la importancia de la ley para la sociedad y la relevancia del derecho natural.

E. Díaz presents in this text the main lines of his legal philosophy conception. ; En este texto E. Díaz expone las líneas básicas de su concepción de la filosofía del Derecho.

En este texto E. Díaz expone las líneas básicas de su concepción de la filosofía del Derecho. ; E. Díaz presents in this text the main lines of his legal philosophy conception.

Pensada en sentido spinozista, la paz no se construye contra el derecho natural sino con él y como resultado de él; no implica su cancelación sino su redireccionamiento, su politización. Remite a una ontología política que desmantela tanto la idea del buen gobierno concebido en cuanto gobierno de un príncipe dotado de virtudes privadas, como la alienación en cualquier instancia puramente jurídica establecida merced a una lógica trascendente. El "arte de la concordia" necesario debido al carácter natural de las pasiones humanas que una filosofía de la paz no quimérica deberá tomar por punto de partida, se articula por consiguiente a una "ciencia de los afectos", expresión que Spinoza opone a la denostación de los asuntos humanos propia del "odio teológico" y al ars vituperandi que anima la retórica del pecado. ; In a Spinosist way, peace is not constructed against natural law, but within it and as its result. It does not imply law's cancellation, but its redirection, its politicization. Peace thus evokes a political ontology that takes down both the idea of good government -conceived in the sense of the government of a prince who is given with private virtues-, and the alienation in any purely juridic instance, established by means of a transcendent logic. The "art of concord", which is necessary due to the natural character of human passions that a non chimeric peace based philosophy shall take as departing point, is then articulated with an "affection science". Spinoza opposes this last expression to the theological hate's characteristic outrage on human matters, and to the ars vituperandi that encourages a sin's rhetoric. ; Fil: Tatián, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Humanidades; Argentina

The article examines the compilation of essays 'Der russische Realismus in der Weltliteratur' (1946, 1951) with the purpose of analyze some central topics: the methodological bases of a marxist literary criticism, the discussion on the social and human function of literature, the relation between literature and social life, the fundamental principles of the Marxist pedagogy and ethics.

The present article aims to show the fundamental features of Realism in the international relations theory, from the thinking of some classical thinkers as they are the most prominent of the XX and XXI centuries. Based on an interpretative exercise, the text concludes affirming the importance of this theory in the contemporary international system analysis and the possibilities of its applicability as a part of case studies about the International Order. ; El presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los rasgos fundamentales del Realismo en la teoría de las relaciones internacionales, desde el pensamiento de algunos pensadores clásicos más destacados del siglo XX y XXI. A partir de un ejercicio interpretativo, el texto concluye en la afirmación de la importancia de esta teoría en el análisis del sistema internacional contemporáneo y las posibilidades de su aplicabilidad como parte de los estudios de caso sobre lo que los teóricos han denominado el Orden Internacional.

In every national constitution, there are abstract notions prone to polysemy and also, there are dysfunctional government bodies in the respective State. In Polish primary law, there are plenty of these types of notions. The author examines only nine of these notions: God, Human Family, common well-being, Human Dignity, Constitution as the Supreme Law of the Land, the legislative power of the Congress and Senate, the President of the Republic as the highest representative, local self-government, and the residential court. The author shows the chimera of these concepts or government bodies. For instance, upon analyzing the five institutions, the author demonstrates that some of them do not even work (residential court) or do not have the characteristics given by the Constitution: the head of State is not the chief representative, the local government is not autonomous, both parliamentary chambers are not equally legislative, the supremacy of law is established but not practiced. With the four vague concepts, it is even worst. It is tough to know what they mean. In the end, the author suggests more research on the subject. If these conclusions are proven within other constitutional jurisdictions, one will be able to establish deeper understandings on the observed phenomenon. ; En todas las constituciones nacionales están previstas nociones abstractas dadas a la polisemia y/u órganos que nunca funcionaron en los Estados respectivos. En la Ley Fundamental de Polonia hay muchos fenómenos de esta índole. El autor examina solo nueve: Dios, familia humana, bien común, dignidad humana, constitución como ley suprema, poder legislativo del Congreso y del Senado, Presidente de la República como su máximo representante, autoadministración local y tribunal de residencia. El artículo muestra la quimera de estos conceptos u órganos. Por ejemplo, al analizar las cinco instituciones demuestra que ellas no trabajan en absoluto (Tribunal de residencia) o no tienen las características que les atribuye la Constitución: el primer ...