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The article presents the main theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of regional governance, existing in sociology. The author comes to the conclusion that, in the framework of the study of regional governance in Russia, structural-functional, neoinstitutional, activity approaches possess adequate analytical and explanatory potential, which will allow to highlight the criteria for the formation and functioning of the regional governance model in modern Russian society.

The article explores the issue on the perception of the concept "national security" areas, models and methods of its maintenance by the population. The author uses materials of the sociological survey conducted by the Laboratory of problems of increasing the efficiency of state and municipal management of the South-Russian Institute of Management - branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. The survey was carried out with the participation of leading experts in various aspects of national security, representing 27 Russian higher educational institutions and research centers in Moscow, Astrakhan, Barnaul, Belgorod, Dushanbe, Krasnodar, Nizhny Novgorod, Omsk, Pyatigorsk, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Syktyvkar, Sochi, Ufa. It is noted that as a priority political governance model that implements the basic concept of national security, respondents identified a democratic model. Most respondents believe that a unified security model in the Russian regions is ineffective, and such model should be developed taking into account the specificity of each subject. The study showed that the public's attention to the issue of national security is not sustainable, as determined by situational factors. It is proved that the motives of anxiety formed in the Russian public mind are not sustainable, and situational. Respondents see the economic cooperation more effective incentive to maintain national interests than by force. Estimation of the population of the priority issues of security shows that most respondents appreciate the organization of work to ensure the safety and anti-terrorism security in the sphere of national relations. The findings give grounds to assert that the focus of public attention to the problem of national security does not yet occupy the leading positions. To a greater extent, respondents focused on the issues of public safety, reducing threats and risks in their daily lives. Apparently, despite the external and internal attempts by certain forces to escalate the symptoms of military threats, economic and political instability, the state authorities have managed to maintain a stable situation on the ground and to instill confidence in the stability of the government itself. However, assessments of respondents showing pain points (as discussed above), on which the regional and federal authorities and the public should focus their attention. This should avoid focusing on minor topics objects, eliminate switching public attention on themes and subjects that do not require a real public outcry and do not carry the real threats to the individual, society and state. Thus, the problem of improving the state policy in the sphere of security exists objectively, and its resolution should be ensured not only by the professional power sector, deputies and representatives of the executive power, but also qualified experts from civil society and scientific environment. (author's abstract)

Within the context of conditions for the existence, activity and development prospects of a region's territorial communities, a resource approach is something of particular significance. A region's development depends on the participation of city dwellers and villagers, these being the main territorial communities, in processes such as modernization and the social development of territories. From the author's perspective, the future of any given region is determined by social resources bearing a space-time nature, which include the quantitative and qualitative composition of the population (human resources), human and social capital, eventfulness, and social activism. The social resources of territorial communities are one of the important basic components for fulfilling the domestic demands of the population: life-supporting, existential; the demand for solidarity connections, national-ethnical, labor, leisure, educational and cultural relations; as well as self-fulfillment and self-actualization. This article's author notes that the social resources of territorial communities provide external communication with other communities and territories, defining the competitive capacity and investment appeal of any given region, as well as the qualitative and quantitative composition of migration flow. What makes social resources, which can be defined as a product of people collaborating and cooperating, unique in comparison to material resources, according the author of this article, is down to such properties as the ability to capitalize and constantly reproduce, replenish as a result of the development of territorial communities, the advancement of forms of governance and self-management, shifts in people's social qualities during the process of socialization, education, self-education and self-fulfillment on a certain territory. The sociological-managerial approach's "new agenda" consists of proactive creation, development and advancement of social resources, while keeping them within a certain territory. A region's social resources ensure its stable operation and advancement as a socio-economical and communicative system, existing within a certain space-time continuum. A multitude of differences in the existence of territorial communities, on the one hand, and the reduction of the uniqueness, individuality and manners of cultural consumption, social interests and relations under the influence of globalization on the other hand – this all indicates the emergence of a new scenario, new opportunities and limitations in terms of regional development. These social transformational processes are in need of sociological introspection in order to define the trajectory for the development of Russian regions, to examine collaboration between urban and rural social communities within the context of a single regional system, and to improve social management.