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Spatial planning at the regional level is a particularly good example of 'centralization versus decentralization' in a federal system. In one respect the region is dependent on the central level, as far as its legal bases, organizational forms, and planning tasks are concerned; but the cities and counties should be allowed to specify the functions they perform in their own region. This is the crux of the conflict in finding an effective balance between centralization and decentralization. Solutions to date in the FRG have favored a progressive centralization. Because of the increasing economic and ecological problems with which the regions are faced, this centralist solution is no longer tenable and decentralizing reforms are now required and under discussion. These concern the institutional organization and functions of the regions, a mobilization of the capacities available in the respective regions for solving their problems, plus a gradual shift to new region-specific planning. Thus, changes are occurring in regional planning which pave the way for a more decentralized planning process. However, in spite of the new understanding, even at central level, that the regions are capable of contributing efficient solutions to actual problems, these changes have not yet achieved a breakthrough in planning practice.

"City and Regional Planning provides a clearly written and lavishly illustrated overview of the theory and practice of city and regional planning. With material on the globalization and the world city system and provides examples from other countries, the book has been written with the needs of readers worldwide who seek an overview of city and regional planning. Chapters cover the history of cities and city and regional planning, urban design and placemaking, comprehensive plans, planning politics and plan implementation, planning vision, and environmental, transportation, and housing planning. The book pays special attention to diversity, social justice, and collaborative planning. Topics include current practice in resilience, transit-oriented development, complexity in planning, spatial equity, globalization, and advances in planning methods. It is aimed at U.S. graduate and undergraduate city and regional planning, geography, urban design, urban studies, civil engineering and other students and practitioners. It includes extensive material on current practice in planning for climate change. Each chapter includes a case study, a biography of an important planner, lists of concepts and important people and an list of books, article, videos, and other suggestions for further learning"--

This is the fifth edition of the classic text for students of urban and regional planning. It gives a historical overview of the developments and changes in the theory and practice of planning, throughout the entire twentieth century. This extensively revised edition follows the successful format of previous editions:It introduces the establishment of planning as part of the public health reforms of the late nineteenth century and goes on to look at the insights of the great figures who influenced the early planning movement, leading up to the creation of the postwar planning machine. National.

"This is the sixth edition of the classic text for students of urban and regional planning. It gives a historical overview of the developments and changes in the theory and practice of planning throughout the entire 20th and first part of the 21st centuries. The extensively revised edition incorporates the most important developments in recent times: debates on economic rebalancing and national infrastructure including high speed rail, energy, millennium projects, Celtic devolution, European influence, impact of London on nation. A new chapter "Planning for cities and city regions 1990-2017": includes new material on housing, localism, neighbourhood planning, privatisation, city modernism, reform, Devo and city deals and metro mayors. Urban and Regional Planning will be invaluable to undergraduate as well as postgraduate Planning students. It will prove useful in a variety of built environment areas such as Architecture, Landscape Architecture, Urban Design, Real Estate where planning is taught"--

Machine generated contents note: List of Tables, Figures and Boxes vii -- List of Contributors ix -- Acknowledgements xi -- List of Abbreviations xii -- PART I: INTRODUCTION 1 -- 1 Introduction 3 -- Tim Marshall -- PART II: REGIONAL REALITIES AND REGIONAL 21 -- INSTITUTIONS -- 2 Thinking about the English Regions 23 -- Allan Cochrane -- 3 Scenarios for the Future of Regional Planning Within 35 -- UK/EU Spatial Planning -- Jeremy Alden -- 4 The Regional Agenda, Planning and Development in 54 -- Scotland -- Greg Lloyd -- 5 Government Offices for the Regions and Regional Planning 70 -- Mark Baker -- 6 Integrating Local and Central Concerns in the New 88 -- Regional Landscape: Pipe Dream or Political Project? -- Martin Stott -- PART III: THEMES AND TOPICS 95 -- 7 Regional Transport Strategies: Fond Hope or Serious 97 -- Planning? -- Peter Headicar -- 8 Re-Shaping Regions, Re-Ordering Utilities: 110 -- Competing Development Trajectories -- Simon Marvin -- 9 Promoting Sustainable Development through Regional 125 -- Plans: The Role of the Environment Agency -- Hugh R Howes -- 10 Regional Planning and the Environmental Dimension of 145 -- Sustainable Development -- Peter Roberts -- PART IV: REGIONAL PLANNING - REGIONAL 163 -- VARIATION -- 11 Integrated Policy Development at the Regional Level - A 165 -- Case Study of the East Midlands Integrated Regional -- Strategy -- Tony Aitchison -- 12 Regional Planning in the West Midlands 191 -- John Deegan -- 13 The South West - Lessons for the Future 208 -- Don Gobbett and Mike Palmer -- 14 Regional Planning in South East England - A Case of 226 -- 'Eyes Wide Shut' -- Chris M Williams -- PART V: CONCLUSIONS 245 -- 15 Some Interim Conclusions: Regional Planning Guidance 247 -- and Regional Governance for the 21st Century -- John Glasson

The subject of regional planning now stands high on the calendar of American social thinking. Miss Kimball, in compiling her admirable manual of information three years ago, was able to make a fair display of papers and documents on regional, rural, state, and national planning. Since that time the sheaf of materials has grown substantially in bulk and variety. This increase of interest in the topic was inevitable. As in the world of abstract ideas every attempt to cut through to the heart of a problem lands us in metaphysics, to use the penetrating observation of William James, so in the field of municipal development any effort to follow the filaments of city planning to their roots leads us beyond the immediate urban area into the large and indefinite region of which it is a part. Anyone who has for a moment got away from the political aspects of a specific city government and taken up some particular question, such as transportation, knows how quickly he is carried beyond the legal boundaries of his municipality into its regional, state, national, and even international, relations. If anyone, perchance, has doubts on the point, let him spend a few hours with the 1920 report of the New York-New Jersey Port and Harbor Development Commission. Of course to adepts this is all trite enough, but it is an indication of what must be the inexorable drift in the thinking of those who are concerned with anything more than the decorative aspects of municipal design.