Suchergebnisse

The scientific study of religions began with M. Muller's investigation of mythology, which accounted for them as due originally to linguistic confusion in the description of natural processes. This was challenged by alternative hypotheses tracing the origins of religion to the animist belief that all objects have souls, or to various preanimistic sources. Gradually, the importance of materials from historical ethnology came to be recognized. By the end of the nineteenth century, three fields had emerged as sources of studies in this field, all focused on the relation beween myth & ritual: classical studies, anthropology, & Old Testament studies. Psychoanalysis contributed to the study of religion in particular by its stress of unconscious meanings of actions & symbols. Sociological, ethnological, & interdisciplinary approaches have also been important. It is now generally recognized that it is impossible to define the origin of religion, & that the results of such varied disciplines as history, sociology, psychology, & phenomenology must be synthesized to understand religious forms. W. H. Stoddard

Während die Körperthematik schon in der Theologie und der Sportwissenschaft aufgegriffen wurde, sucht man entsprechende Diskurse und Studien in der Religionswissenschaft bislang vergebens. Die Autorinnen und Autoren greifen die Ansätze der kulturwissenschaftlichen Nachbardisziplinen auf, stellen sie zur Diskussion und geben damit einen Impuls für die weitere religionswissenschaftliche Forschung. Im gleichen Masse, wie Religionen sich mit der Seele und Metaphysik des Menschen beschäftigen, prägen sie normativ unsere Körpervorstellungen und -praktiken. Die verschiedenen Beiträge befassen sich deshalb mit der Dynamik zwischen dem real-physischen Körper des Menschen, den Körperpraktiken und normativen Körpervorstellungen.

Religion has had a profound influence on the geography, culture, politics, and artistic life of Sydney. While religion has mostly been a conservative force, preserving traditions transported from home societies, it has also reflected the setting and people of Sydney, its harbour, bushland and suburbs. This article reviews the history of religion in Sydney and the role it has played in the lives of those who have made their home here.

The process of Globalisation has subjected cultures, religions and societies or communities of the world to fundamental changes, which are primarily characterised and conditioned by new communication technologies, migration, worldwide exchange of goods and capital. This development has led to the rise of plural societies, which not only mean chances and opportunities but also a potential of threat for the future of humanity. Subsequent to this development this international conference addresses the question of how living together in a global age could succeed and be fruitful. Im Zuge des Globalisierungsprozesses befinden sich alle Kulturen, Religionen und damit alle Gesellschaften der Welt in einem grundlegenden Wandel, der vor allem durch neue Kommunikationstechnologien, Migration, weltweiten Austausch von Kapital und Gütern bedingt ist. Diese Entwicklung hat zur Entstehung pluraler Gesellschaften geführt, die nicht nur eine Chance, sondern auch ein Bedrohungspotenzial für die Zukunft der Menschheit bedeutet. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich für die Tagung die Frage, wie ein Zusammenleben der Menschen in einer zunehmend multireligiösen und multikulturellen Welt gelingen kann

L'article se propose, en tenant compte du développement des études simmeliennes, de saisir les relations entre sociologie pure du phénomène religieux et analyse de la catégorie religieuse comme cadre général de formation de la réalité. Une première partie rappelle les grands thèmes de la sociologie pure de Simmel. La seconde partie précise les étapes qui mènent à la monographie de 1906 puis commente l'idée centrale de Die Religion : la religion est la mise en forme d'une religiosité diffuse présente dans de nombreuses manifestations ou relations sociales, qui ne sont pas à strictement parler religieuses. Une approche de certains phénomènes sociaux en terme de religiosité, l'étude des conditions du passage de la religiosité diffuse à la religion, l'approche enfin des analyses par Simmel de la situation religieuse de son temps complètent le tableau et illustrent l'intérêt d'un nouveau regard critique des sociologues des religions sur une oeuvre encore trop méconnue.

Both the critical & the systemic perspectives that currently inform the sociology of religion deal with the connection between myth & reality in contemporary society, but neither is sufficiently forceful to sway scientific opinion. The critical view, as articulated by Roland Robertson (Meaning and Change. Explorations in the Cultural Sociology of Modern Societies, New York: New York U Press, 1978), argues that present-day reality has little to do with myth, even in fragmented form; although it holds that as individuals mature, they may be attracted to various mythic presentations. A systemic orientation, as held by Sabino Acquaviva (The Decline of the Sacred in Industrial Society, Oxford, England: Basil Blackwell, 1979) maintains that sacred beliefs can be integrated into secular society through institutions (eg, the U & the law). Another distinction is observed in priestly & prophetic methodological approaches (eg, to language). Sociologists, who use a combination of theoretical & methodological approaches, need to be aware of the persistence of myth in nonscientific social reality. D. Dunseath.

The liberal enlightenment as well as the more radical left have both traditionally opposed religion as a reactionary force in politics, a view culminating in an identification of the politics of religion as fundamentalist theocracy. But recently a number of thinkers-Agamben, Badiou, Tabues and in particular Simon Critchley-have begun to explore a more productive engagement of the religious and the political in which religion features as a possible or even necessary form of human emancipation. The papers in this collection, deriving from a workshop held on and with Simon Critchley at the University of Texas at San Antonio in February 2010, take up the ways in which religion's encounter with politics transforms not only politics but also religion itself, molding it into various religions of politics, including not just heretical religious metaphysics, but also what Critchley describes as non-metaphysical religion, the faith of the faithless. Starting from Critchley's own genealogy of Pauline faith, the articles in this collection explore and defend some of the religions of politics and their implications. Costica Bradatan teases out the implications of Critchley's substitution of humor for tragedy as the vehicle for the minimal self-distancing required for any politics. Jill Stauffer compares Critchley's non-metaphysical religiosity with Charles Taylor's account of Christianity. Alistair Welchman unpacks the political theology of the border in terms of god's timeless act of creation. Anne O'Byrne explores the subtle dialectic between mores and morality in Rousseau's political ethics. Roland Champagne sees a kind non-metaphysical religion in Arendt's category of the political pariah. Davide Panagia presents Critchley's ethics of exposure as the basis for a non-metaphysical political bond. Philip Quadrio wonders about the political ramifications of Critchley's own 'mystical anarchism' and Tina Chanter re-reads the primal site in the Western tradition at which the political and the religious intersect, the Antigone story, side-stepping philosophical interpretations of the story (dominated by Hegel's reading) by means of a series of post-colonial re-imaginings of the play. The collection concludes with an interview with Simon Critchley taking up the themes of the workshop in the light of more recent political events: the Arab Spring and the rise and fall of the Occupy movement. Alistair Welchman is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Texas at San Antonio who is interested in questions of naturalism and materialism, especially but not exclusively in relation to French and German philosophy since Kant. In addition he works as a translator, mostly of Schopenhauer's World as Will and Representation (for Cambridge) but also of Salomon Maimon's Essay on Transcendental Philosophy (Continuum) and has a growing interest in political questions stemming from his situation on the US-Mexico border.

"Dieser Essay widmet sich der nach wie vor großen Bedeutung der Religion in Afrika, nicht nur in Bezug auf die Anzahl der Gläubigen, sondern auch in Bezug auf die Varianten religiöser Erfahrung und ihre Verbindungen zu Politik und Öffentlichkeit. Parallel zur Demokratisierungswelle und zur ökonomischen Liberalisierung seit den 1990er Jahren wurde Religion öffentlich immer präsenter und wurde in der Politik immer stärker Bezug auf Religion genommen. Neben 'Entwicklung' wird Religion in den politischen Debatten auf dem Kontinent ein wichtiges Thema bleiben. Die erneute Präsenz von Religion im öffentlichen Raum hat zu einem neuen Verständnis ihrer Bedeutung bei der Bildung von Weltsichten und politischen Identitäten geführt. Damit werden auch die Herausforderungen auf der Tagesordnung bleiben, die mit der Rolle und dem Status von Religion in einem 'säkularen Staatsmodell', wie es in den meisten Staaten Afrikas gewählt wurde, verbunden sind. Können diese von Gläubigen 'bedrängten' Staaten ihre Neutralität gegenüber unterschiedlichen Weltsichten bewahren - und wenn ja, wie? Diese Fragen werden hier übergreifend diskutiert, aber unter Bezug auf Beispiele aus Afrika, die teilweise auf Erfahrungen des Autors während seiner Feldforschungen zurückgehen. Der Autor plädiert für die Entwicklung einer neuen Art des 'Säkularstaats' in Afrika, in dem die religiösen Bindungen unterschiedlicher Bevölkerungsgruppen respektiert werden." (Autorenreferat)

This article discusses the position of religion in politics that has relation to leadership. The main argumentation of this research is religion will constantly become a political power and social movement. In one side the research has a different opinion from the integration politic paradigm and secular that proposed by Hasan al-Bannā and 'Alī Abd. al-Rāziq, but in other side, it has reinforced the two paradigms. By using literature study and descriptive method and philosophical historical approach, it indicates Islam will constantly exist and has influence in the political process. Although Islam is not depending on politics and on the contrary. Islam and politic are both integrated dimensions of life, so both are not able to be separated from social political dynamics.

From the local to the global level, religion is - more than ever - an important and hotly debated part of modern life in the twenty-first century.From silver rings to ringtones and from clubs to headscarves, we often find the cultural role and discussion of religion in unexpected ways.Now in its second edition, Religion: The Basics remains the best introduction to religion and contemporary culture available. The new edition has been fully revised and updated, and includes new discussions of:the study of religion and culture in the twenty-first centurytexts, films and ritualscognitive approache

This item is part of the Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements (PRISM) digital collection, a collaborative initiative between Florida Atlantic University and University of Central Florida in the Publication of Archival, Library & Museum Materials (PALMM).