Suchergebnisse

The notion of the military technology reliability is Considered. Use the generalised complex factor of reliability as factor to reliability of the military technology Is Offered . ; Розглянуто поняття надійності військової техніки. Запропоновано як показник надійності військової техніки використовувати узагальнений комплексний показник надійності.

The notion of the military technology reliability is Considered. Use the generalised complex factor of reliability as factor to reliability of the military technology Is Offered . ; Розглянуто поняття надійності військової техніки. Запропоновано як показник надійності військової техніки використовувати узагальнений комплексний показник надійності.

Extending the lifetime of products is seen as a key objective for realising the vision of a Circular Economy. One way to increase the lifespan of products is to enable more repair activities. However, consumers encounter a variety of barriers for repairs, prompting public authorities in Europe and the US to adopt or propose policies in support of consumer repairs. Sweden has recently adopted a circular economy action plan, where increasing the number of consumer repairs is a stated objective. However, Sweden has so far only adopted a few repair policies, most notably through the tax reliefs for the repair sector that were implemented in 2017. The aim of this contribution is to research how Sweden could develop a more comprehensive policy mix for promoting consumer repairs, also by taking into consideration initiatives from other countries and regions. The research is based on a literature review and semi-structured interviews with policymakers and other relevant actors in Sweden, Europe and the US. The study shows that a lot of interesting initiatives aiming at increasing repairs are currently being proposed. The new requirements related to repairs, developed within the European Union's (EU) Ecodesign Directive, have been positively received but the process is cumbersome and it will take time before their full effect becomes evident. Initiatives, such as the French repairability index and the French repair fund will create incentives for the producers to design more repairable products and make it easier for consumers to repair. On the same track, the Repair Network of Vienna with its repair vouchers makes repairs cheaper and more trustworthy. Also, the US policy proposals on right-to-repair laws would help to create an open market for repairs for a lot of products. Sweden has the possibility to gain knowledge through the implementation of similar policies, and by considering new policies suggested in literature and by the interviewees. Thus there is potential for Sweden to be a front-runner in creating a more resource efficient society through increased repair activity. Concluding, some preliminary proposals for a future policy mix are presented.

Tras la entrada en vigor este 1 de marzo de 2021 de una serie de reglamentos de ejecución comunitarios que traen causa de la Directiva 2009/125/CE, 21 octubre (diseño productos), la configuración jurídica del nuevo "derecho a la reparación" de los bienes de consumo susceptibles de reparación ha dado un nuevo paso: la ampliación del plazo obligatorio de disponibilidad de las piezas de recambio en el mercado. Esta obligación temporal específica por cuenta de fabricantes, importadores o representantes autorizados se ha trasladado a nuestro país de una manera equívoca e inarmónica con la normativa europea, según la redacción dada al nuevo artículo 127 bis TRLGDCU. La reforma operada no distingue ni separa con nitidez lo que supone la reparación de los bienes de consumo como medida correctora específica por causa de la disconformidad con el contrato de compraventa -recogida en las Directivas 2019/770/UE y 2019/771/UE transpuestas-, y la reparación de los bienes de consumo entendida como medida general de política legislativa fundada en el ciclo de vida útil de esos bienes, incardinada ésta dentro del Plan de Acción europeo para la Economía Circular (2015, 2020), y que no estaba bajo el presupuesto habilitante en la transposición de ambas directivas. ; After the entry into force on March 1, 2021, of a series of community enforcement regulations that lead to Directive 2009/125/EC, October 21 (product design), the legal configuration of the new "right to repair" of consumer goods that can be repaired has taken a new step: the extension of the mandatory period of availability of spare parts on the market. This specific temporary obligation on behalf of manufacturers, importers or authorized representatives has been transferred to us in an equivocal and inharmonious way with European regulations, according to the wording given to the new article 127 bis TRLGDCU. The reform carried out does not clearly distinguish or separate what the repair of consumer goods entails as a specific corrective measure due to non-compliance with the contract of sale - included in the transposed Directives 2019/770/EU and 2019/771/EU (20 may)-, and the repair of consumer goods understood as a general measure of legislative policy based on the useful life cycle of those goods, included in the New Circular Economy Action Plan (2015, 2020), and which was not under the enabling budget for the transposition of both directives.

After the entry into force on March 1, 2021, of a series of community enforcement regulations that lead to Directive 2009/125/EC, October 21 (product design), the legal configuration of the new "right to repair" of consumer goods that can be repaired has taken a new step: the extension of the mandatory period of availability of spare parts on the market. This specific temporary obligation on behalf of manufacturers, importers or authorized representatives has been transferred to us in an equivocal and inharmonious way with European regulations, according to the wording given to the new article 127 bis TRLGDCU. The reform carried out does not clearly distinguish or separate what the repair of consumer goods entails as a specific corrective measure due to non-compliance with the contract of sale - included in the transposed Directives 2019/770/EU and 2019/771/EU (20 may)-, and the repair of consumer goods understood as a general measure of legislative policy based on the useful life cycle of those goods, included in the New Circular Economy Action Plan (2015, 2020), and which was not under the enabling budget for the transposition of both directives. ; Tras la entrada en vigor este 1 de marzo de 2021 de una serie de reglamentos de ejecución comunitarios que traen causa de la Directiva 2009/125/CE, 21 octubre (diseño productos), la configuración jurídica del nuevo "derecho a la reparación" de los bienes de consumo susceptibles de reparación ha dado un nuevo paso: la ampliación del plazo obligatorio de disponibilidad de las piezas de recambio en el mercado. Esta obligación temporal específica por cuenta de fabricantes, importadores o representantes autorizados se ha trasladado a nuestro país de una manera equívoca e inarmónica con la normativa europea, según la redacción dada al nuevo artículo 127 bis TRLGDCU. La reforma operada no distingue ni separa con nitidez lo que supone la reparación de los bienes de consumo como medida correctora específica por causa de la disconformidad con el contrato de compraventa ...