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Problem and purpose. Along with the obvious benefits, the digitalization of society carries its own risks. At the same time, in modern psychology there is not enough information about the differences in representations of such risks in different cultures. The purpose of the article is to empirically verify the assumption about the dependence of risk perceptions on the socio-cultural context. Methodology. The empirical part of the study was carried out through questionnaires, collected in different universities in three countries during academic and scientific visits (Russia: n = 112, Romania: n = 94, Brazil: n = 98) and drafting the evaluation reports of social risks perceptions (Abric coefficient). During the translation of the questionnaires, we used the focus group method and the method of translation of psychodiagnostic tools and questionnaires (S.V. Kudrya). Results. The data obtained showed that perceptions of risks depend on general perceptions of risks in the culture of a given country, legislation in the field of Internet security, as well as the duration and experience of interaction in social networks of the Internet. Thus, the" core " of the social representation of Russian and Romanian students about the results of risky behavior on the Internet are unproductive behavior in the information environment (TCP-92); demonstration of indifference (TCP-78) or aggressiveness (TCP-75), and for the Brazilian sample, the demonstration of psychological affliction is more typical (TCP-65). In addition, the lexical-semantic analysis of terms and concepts in the field of riskology used for empirical survey of students showed the presence of semantic cross-cultural differences in their understanding. Discussion and conclusion. The data obtained allow us to say that social perceptions of risks are influenced by socio-cultural and legislative peculiarities: The empirical part of the study showed a clear difference between the "core" and "periphery" both in the cross-cultural dimension and within the country samples. ...

Given article is devoted the analysis of social representations of young men about man's roles. On sample of Russian and Byelorussians (334 persons) by means of a scale of cultural values (G.Hofstede) and the modified variant of a technique «Semantic differential» directed on studying of representations of young men about traditional man's roles (the getter, the defender, the professional figure, the head of the family, the husband, the father), social representations about man's roles depending on psychological measurements of culture on G.Hovstede are considered. As a result the personal characteristics attributed traditional man's roles in Russian and Belarus cultures are allocated. Are revealed as cultural – specific, and the general social representations of Russian and Byelorussians about the maintenance of man's roles. The received results can be used at carrying out of psychotherapy and the personal consultations connected with questions of mutual relation of floors, gender and family conflicts, crises masculinity, and as for working out training programs in the field of intercultural interaction.

The article analyzes the scenario component of the concept of "feast", along with the figurative one, characterizes the specific and at the same time universal concept of "feast" in the Korean language. Various cognitive models are mentioned, such as concepts, frames, and scenarios. Various definitions of the concept "concept" and methods of implementing the scenario concept are given. Based on the material of the national Korean holidays, the so-called "four tables", the authors presented a model of the concept of "feast", revealing the key moment in holding a feast. The aim of the study was to identify the role of the script in the concept with the help of the national corpus of the Korean language. More than 50 replicas taken from the national corpus of the Korean language, containing the stages of the "feast", served as the material for the study. The article reveals the details of the rituals and stages of the feast in each of the four tables from the point of view of the study of the language. The authors of the article reveal aspects of the functioning of a part of the Korean language in the context of ensuring the possibility of expressing the emotional factor in the development of the lexical picture. The article reveals the relationship between the Korean language and Korean culture. In terms of the implementation of the Korean language, the possibility of using a certain type of vocabulary during rituals and a number of additional rituals is determined. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to describe a fragment of the Korean language picture of the world on the basis of the concept of "feast" from the point of view of cognitive cultural linguistics, as well as the importance of describing the Korean language using modern research methods. The authors of the article believe that due to its specificity, the concept of "feast" requires a detailed linguistic study of the phenomenon of its customs and rituals

The article highlights the peculiarities of contemporary conflict representations in media environment. The author demonstrates that these representations are produced mainly by cultural and social illusions of democracy as well as clarifies methods and techniques of conflict media representations, and identifies the specific features of social network representations of conflicts.Key words: media reality, conflict, conflict representations, social illusion, media representation, network democracy. ; В статье рассматриваются особенности современных репрезентаций конфликтов в медиасреде. Автор показывает, что во многом эти представления являются продуктом культурной и социальной иллюзии демократии, выясняет способы и приемы интерпретации конфликтов в медиа, а также определяет особенности репрезентаций конфликтов в новых медиа – социальных сетях.Ключевые слова: медиареальность, конфликт, репрезентация конфликта, медиарепрезентация, социальная иллюзия, сетевая демократия.

В данной концептуальной статье проводится критический и рефлексивный анализ современных исследований структур представительства студентов в образовательном управлении, позволяющих обучающимся оказывать институциональное влияние на принятие решений университетами или органами государственного управления. Автором освещаются традиции осмысления студенческого представительства в контексте студенческой политики (соотношение со студенческим активизмом, политическая социализация, выборы); варианты осмысления студенческого представительства как части системы высшего образования (типы и формы взаимодействия вузов и правительств со студенчеством, а также влияющие на это факторы); и, наконец, сгруппированные по географическому признаку традиции исследований практик работы органов студенческого представительства (англосаксонские страны, развивающиеся страны Южного полушария, континентальная Европа). Далее проводится критический анализ состояния посвященных студенческому представительству исследований - его достоинств (разработанный концептуальный аппарат) и недостатков (ограниченная географически традиция качественных работ), оценивается взаимодействие этих исследований с политической наукой в контексте изучения выборов и существующие лакуны (недостаточный эмпирический, позитивистский фокус; неравномерная географическая распространенность; отсутствие исследовательского фокуса на «фронтире» понятий студенческого представительства и студенческого активизма). На основе результатов анализа намечены потенциальные будущие направления развития этих исследований: диверсификация методологической базы (с развитием использования эмпирических количественных методов) и географического охвата (в том числе с покрытием постсоветского пространства и ключевых стран Восточной Азии), доработка теоретического аппарата и более подробное рассмотрение взаимной трансформации практик студенческого представительства и студенческого активизма. Оригинальность и научная значимость статьи состоят в том, что, несмотря на плавный рост популярности студенческого представительства как исследовательской темы в последние два десятилетия в мировой науке, в России эта тема пока еще практически не освоена, а предложенные в статье концептуальные и методологические новации должны подстегнуть новый виток ее содержательного развития. ; This article aims to present a critical and reflective analysis of modern practices of the student representation bodies that have institutional influence on decision-making of universities or the government. The article first describes different traditions of understanding student representation in the context of student politics and its links with student activism, political socialization, elections. Then we consider different approaches to understanding of student representation as a part of a higher education system (types and forms of interaction between students, on the one hand, and universities and governments, on the other hand). Finally, traditions of researching the practices of student representative bodies in different groups of countries (Anglo-Saxon countries, developing countries of Global South, and continental Europe) are discussed. The following section contains a critical analysis of the current research of student representation, its advantages (developed conceptual framework and limited geographic traditions of qualitative research as well as connection with political science in the electoral context) and disadvantages (insufficient empirical, positivistic focus; uneven geographical prevalence; lack of research focus on the «frontier» of the concepts of student representation and student activism). Then potential future areas of research are outlined, including the diversification of methodology (empirical quantitative methods) and geographical coverage (the post-Soviet space and key countries of East Asia) as well as refinements of the theoretical apparatus and a more detailed consideration of the connection between the practices of student representation and student activism. The originality and value of the article lies in the fact that despite the gradual increase in the popularity of student representation as a research topic in the last two decades, this topic remains largely underexplored in Russia, and the novel conceptual and methodological approaches proposed in this article should spur further studies.

Political cartoon is a democratic art form and part of political discourse. Like a "mirror of today" it reflects current political affairs on domestic and international arena in a humorous or sarcastic way. This study looks at the political cartoon as a complex multimodal text which conveys a certain message through its visual and verbal components. The aim of the study is social-semiotic analysis of media representations of Russian political authorities in political cartoons in Russian and foreign printed as well as digital media during the presidency of D. Medvedev in 2008 – 2012 .This period is of particular interest since it was the time when a new form of governance in Russia, a "tandem V. Putin – D. Medvedev", was born. The theoretical basis of this study is the social semiotic theory of visual representation, which holds that a process of representation is motivated by cultural background of the sign-maker and realized in particular context. Images are seen within a realm of ideology and institutions of power. The material for this study was collected from Russian and British printed newspapers as well as largest online freelance cartoonists' collectionscaricature.ruandpoliticalcartoon.com. The material has been analyzed using Kress & Van Leeuwen's "Grammar of Visual Design" and Meshcherkina-Rozhdestvenskaya's approach to analyzing visual material. Furthermore, the analysis contains references to other Russian research practices such as explaining intertextual connections and looking for precedential phenomena. The interpretations of the cartoons have been made from the Cultural Studies point of view in the realm of recent political events in Russia. The cartoons that have been analyzed create strong contrast between the power of D. Medvedev and the power of V. Putin. In fact, representations of V. Putin showed his dominant role during D. Medvedev's presidency. The findings have been discussed in detailed and grouped into 5 cases: 1. Putin and Medvedev: tandem or puppet theatre?; 2. Russian political power = monarchy; 3. V. Putin is Russian macho; 4. Bear as a symbol of Russian political power: the beast, the "Medved" or Winnie-the-Pooh?; 5. Political power is sex. Asiasanat:cartoon, political cartoon, social semiotics, V. Putin, D. Medvedev, Russia

Object: study of the ways of reflection the situations of the mental sphere on the level of propositions by native German speakers Methods: descriptive, comparative, the method of linguistic observation, modeling and interpretation of the substantive structure of a sentence. Results: Established the dependence of the propositional representations character on the specificity of the ontology of situations, the specificity of the sphere of life where the event takes place: the ontological characteristics of the object that is considered in terms of semantics. Practical implications: The results may be used for university courses of the German theoretical grammar and stylistics, the general linguistics, theory and practice of translation, the cognitive linguistics and grammar.

Proceeding from doctrinal and legislative definitions of entrepreneurial activity, which are presented in the article, the author carried out the analysis of ratio of the concepts mediation and representation. Based on a wide range of scientific and educational literature analysis, regulation provisions, similarities and differences of the activity types, named above are emphasized in the article as well as these categories relation to business area is defined. The institute of mediation is considered broadly and narrowly in legal and economic terms. The content and types of mediation institute are revealed. The distinctive features of mediation and representation included in the law are shown. Special attention is paid to a current situation with a united approach formation to core business activity understanding. ; С опорой на доктринальные и законодательное определения предпринимательской деятельности в представленной статье автором проведен анализ соотношения понятий посредничество и представительство. C опорой на анализ широкого круга научной и учебной литературы, положения нормативных правовых актов в статье выделены сходные черты и различия названных видов деятельности, а также определено отношение данных категорий к сфере предпринимательской деятельности. Институт посредничества рассматривается в широком и узком смысле, с юридической и экономической точек зрения. Раскрываются содержание института представительства и его виды. Показаны отличительные черты посредничества и представительства, закрепленные в законодательстве. Отдельное внимание уделено современной ситуации с формированием единого подхода к пониманию сущности предпринимательской деятельности.

Статья посвящена проблеме репрезентации на языковом уровне различного характера соотнесенности элементов научного знания. Приводятся вербализаторы некоторых внутрисистемных связей между понятиями политической сферы, которые выступают в роли ключевых языковых средств для построения информационных блоков дефиниции.

The article is devoted to the problem of verbalization of the speaking subject in legislative discourse.The author states that the ways of positioning the speaking subject, determined by the types ofpolitical systems, were undergoing the changes through the ages. The mechanism of the government isconsidered to be crucial when choosing the ways of representing the speaking subject. The article alsodeals with the language units used to verbalize the speaking subject in legislative discourse. The authorarrives at the conclusion that during the last millennium the subject in legislative discourse used differentways of self-positioning: both the explicitness of an author's identity and its full elimination fromdiscourse, depersonalization of utterances. ; Рассматриваются способы вербализации субъекта как категории дискурса в законодательномдискурсе, обусловленные экстралингвистическими факторами – типами политических системам,которые сменяли друг друга на протяжении истории. Политические системы и формы правлениярассматриваются в статье как детерминанты способа репрезентации субъекта дискурса. В статьетакже анализируются языковые единицы, которые используются для позиционирования субъекта в законодательных текстах. В ходе анализа фактического материала автор пришел к выводу, что на протяжении последнего тысячелетия субъект законодательного дискурса прибегал к разным вариантам самопозиционирования: от открытой экспликации своего Я до полной редукции, деперсонализации высказывания и отсутствия любых знаков, отсылающих к говорящему. Материалом для исследования послужили англо-американские и русскоязычные законодательные тексты.

В статье рассматривается репрезентация образа Японии, формируемого средствами массовой информации в сознании американского социума. ; The article is a systematic review of the history of the study of the representation of the image of Japan formed by means of the mass media in the consciousness of American society. The research describes and analyzes the works of modern domestic, as well as Western and Japanese researchers, which have not been translated into Russian before. A comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the image of Japan from the end of the 19th century to the 90s of the 20th century is proposed. To more accurately identify the causal-consecutive relationships between the events that took place and the ways of their representation, the entire period was divided into several stages: the late 19th century, the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905, the First and the Second World Wars, and the 70-90s of the 20th century. The author pays special attention to the specificity of the linguistic representation of the events that Japan was involved in during this period.

Статья посвящена репрезентации образа Дональда Трампа в современной документальной прозе на примере произведения Г. Миллера "Кандидат: Трамп, Россия и подрыв американской демократии". ; The article deals with representation of Donald Trump's image in the modern documentary prose on the example of the work by G. Miller "he Apprentice: Trump, Russia and the Subversion of American Democracy". This publication is a compilation of interviews, articles and appeals in mass media, and testimonies of witnesses and direct participants of events and covers a long stretch of time - literally from the birth of D. Trump, depicting the development of Trump as a businessman and the facts related to Trump's election campaign and the first third of his presidency.

A close connection with traditional north-western Yemeni social patterns of political representation that are used by Houthi Movement is stated on the basis of historical and sociological analysis in the article. It is assumed that this connection has played a significant role in Houthis' recent political achievements. It is noted that the conversion of Houthis into the dominant political force in the country occurred after the formation of Movement's symbolic base, most of which components emerged as a reaction to external stimuli such as neocolonial Western policy and strengthening of the Salafi positions. ; На основе историкосоциологического анализа практик политической репрезентации, используемых движением хуситов, устанавливается их тесная связь с традиционными для Северо-Западного Йемена социальными паттернами. Выдвигается предположение, что эта связь сыграла важную роль в политических успехах, которых удалось достичь хуситам в последнее время. Отмечается, что превращение хуситов в доминирующую политическую силу страны произошло после завершения формирования символической базы движения, значительная часть которой возникла как реакция на внешние раздражители: усиление в Йемене позиций салафитов и неоколониальная политика Запада.

Classification systems are published primarily in the book form, for various purposes and in different versions. They are identified by the number or year of publication. The authors propose another variant of maintaining classification systems, i.e. in the card format.The authors discuss the issues of presenting classification schedules of popular classification systems on the Internet with special focus on their applications. They explain why privately owned classification systems, like Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) and Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), are not published on the Internet, while the systems supported by government organizations (e.g. national libraries) are traditionally published openly. The authors provide the example of the Library of Congress Classification (LCC), which is the United States' National Classification System and which is published on open access. The project of the open presentation of the Library-Bibliographical Classification (LBC) in several versions supplemented with indices on the website of the Russian State Library (RSL) is described in more detail. The possibilities for their use are analyzed. ; Задача статьи – рассмотреть проблемы представления классификационных таблиц распространённых систем классификации при их размещении в интернете с учётом различных направлений их применения. Авторы объясняют, почему классификационные системы, принадлежащие частным организациям, например Десятичная классификация Дьюи (ДКД) или Универсальная десятичная классификация (УДК), официально в интернете не публикуются, в то время как системы, поддержка которых обеспечивается государственными организациями (как правило – национальными библиотеками), по традиции публикуются открыто. В качестве примера рассмотрена открытая публикация в интернете таблиц Классификации Библиотеки Конгресса (КБК), являющейся Национальной классификационной системой США. Более подробно описан реализованный на веб-сайте РГБ проект открытого представления таблиц Библиотечно-библиографической классификации (ББК) в нескольких вариантах с указателями. Проанализированы возможности их использования.