Suchergebnisse

Este artigo analisa as representações criadas pelos livros didáticos da disciplina sobre o Brasil colonial, procurando perceber como as proposições lançadas por autores como K. F. Von Martius, Francisco Adolfo Varnhagen e João Capistrano de Abreu constituíram uma ordem discursiva para a escrita da sua história em livros e livros didáticos a partir da segunda metade do século XIX e ao longo do século passado.

Objective: The study aimed to identify the social representations of men about prostate cancer and their masculinity
against the disease, and analyze its implications for health. Method: This is an exploratory qualitative approach of case
study which takes as input a conceptual Theory of Representations, performed with 10 subjects diagnosed with
prostate cancer. Results: Through content analysis yielded the following thematic units: (Re) knowing the prostate;
this problem called prostate and prostate cancer as a symbol of man's masculinity. Conclusion: The study provided
evidence that prostate cancer is a disease that is directly related to how they perceive their consequences in the social
context, which are responsible for providing moments of pain, sorrow, and to exchange experiences, especially health
risks

Objective: To evaluate the service offered to the elderly in primary care from the perspective of social
representations. Methods: Exploratory study conducted in a qualitative approach with seventy elderly treated in the
Family Health Strategy (FHS) Rangel II, in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected from a semi-structured
interview. The data obtained were analyzed with the help of software Alceste and interpreted in theoretical social
representations. Results: The results indicate two classes or categories: a) dimensions socio-affective represented: bad
service, slow and white hair; b) experiences with the service: accept, good, doctor, medical service, well, aging,
experience and little. Conclusion: the elderly evaluate the service with negative content emphasized in the speeches:
failure to care of real needs of the elderly, the elderly distance service; little user interaction with the service and not
use the strategy of reception. The latter is now one of the most important tools to be used in Family Health Strategies.

Na imaginação geográfica dos Estados Unidos, o Brasil é um País de futebol, samba e biquínis. Representações do Brasil entram nos EUA através dos filtros culturais de Pelé e a Garota de Ipanema. Mas nesta visão se perde a historia intricada e complexa da raça no Brasil, especialmente na cidade do Salvador da Bahia. Mas, chegando de fora e vendo as representações raciais pela propaganda popular, nunca se imaginaria que mais de 80% dos soteropolitanos é de descendência africana. Neste artigo, contextualizarei primeiramente Salvador em termos raciais no Brasil. Então, após examinar as atuais teorias das raças e das suas representações, desconstruirei algumas das representações raciais mais chocantes e contraditórias, do ponto de vista de uma pessoa relativamente nova na Bahia. Concluirei com as observações do grafite como uma maneira popular de contestar as representações brancas dominantes numa cidade negra, através da qual as representações raciais são democratizadas nas superfícies verticais da capital baiana.

The article considers the category of «medical tourism» as one of the promising sectors of the socio-economic development of a particular country (whether developed or developing). It is noted that the industry is undergoing a number of significant changes under the influence of factors that have arisen over the past three years now. They are the coronavirus pandemic and the tension of the political situation in the country and in the world. Due to restrictions on entry and the rise in the cost of providing medical services, the industry is shifting demand both for medical services themselves and for the countries that are preferred. Undoubtedly, the medical tourism industry needs predictive analysis. Therefore, this study is aimed at building a predictive model, on the basis of which it is possible to assess the prospects for the development of medical tourism, based on the social perceptions and expectations of young people. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the medical tourism industry is studied within the framework of a number of concepts and methods: the theory of queuing, the theory of «gray» systems, the theory of gravity, the analysis of the data shell, the calculation of the Medical Tourism Index (BMI). At the same time, within the framework of the author's study, it is proposed to study the medical tourism industry using discriminant analysis, which makes it possible to identify from a variety of stereotypes those that most influence the prospects for the development of the industry, at the same time determining which ones belong to those young people who believe that industries have development prospects, and which — to those who believe that the prospects are very doubtful. In general, the analysis showed that Russian youth is more oriented towards the Russian market of medical services, and considers a trip abroad to be the prerogative of wealthy people who want to combine health improvement, treatment and recreation.

The social representations (SR) of wear in teaching are investigated according to the dimensional
approach of Moscovici. Information was collected through interviews (N = 38) with a screenplay written based
on runs of successive evocations raised in the previous phase of research on the wear in teaching. The interviews
formed a corpus, analyzed for their contents with the aid of the software Alceste: the corpus symbolism pointed
out the missing class family, education and appreciation of the classroom. Analysis of the data reveals an RScentered recognition of teaching, moving between plans domestic, social and classroom.

The purpose of this article is to discuss the terms of representation and the theory of authorization in Hobbes, highlighting, in turn, the adversities and inconsistencies in the way the fictitious attribution interferes with the constitution of authority in Hobbes. In this sense, it becomes necessary to discuss the way in which Hobbes determines the function of the representative in the absence of his identification as author, that is, without any condition to attribute authority to his actors. This is, therefore, a contradiction in terms of the rationality imposed by the model of representation proposed by Hobbes, in which the imputation of responsibility, in the case of the fictitious person, is absent of responsibility for his acts and, thus, making it impossible to assume responsibility for the acts of another. To this end, the aspects of the fictitious person and his relationship with the precepts of unauthorized authorization are highlighted in order to define the terms of the fictitious attribution and its implications in the legal theory of authorization in Hobbes.

O presente texto apresenta uma reflexão sobre papéis de gênero transmitidos na publicidade direcionada ao público infantil. O material analisado foi o encarte publicitário de uma rede de lojas divulgado por ocasião do dia das crianças, em 2014. O estudo buscou perceber a maneira como são retratadas as imagens das meninas e dos meninos no referido material. A análise do material evidenciou uma forma polarizada ao retratar as crianças. A avaliação do material permitiu perceber uma associação dos meninos ao universo da aventura através de mercadorias com apelo aos super-heróis e as meninas ao universo da beleza materializado a partir de produtos ligados às princesas. Foi possível perceber que o encarte veiculou modelos estereotipados de feminilidade e de masculinidade

Одним из актуальных направлений современной лингвистики является изучение проблематики, связанной с выявлением антропоцентрического характера языка. Язык в данном контексте можно рассматривать как систему знаков, отражающих специфику восприятия и описания окружающего мира человеком. Загадки, будучи древнейшим жанром фольклора, служат ценным материалом для лингвокультурологических исследований и содержат уникальную культурно-значимую информацию о мифологических и мировоззренческих представлениях разных народов. Цель работы - определить ключевые культурные коды, вербализованные в текстах якутских космогонических загадок. Задачи: рассмотреть тексты загадок, в которых в качестве денотата выступают небо и небесные тела; выявить ключевые культурные коды, метафорически репрезентирующие небесное пространство и космические объекты; идентифицировать зашифрованные в текстах загадок мифологические представления якутов об устройстве мира, а также архаические образы космических объектов и неба. Для достижения поставленной цели нами применялись методы семантического, описательного, семиотического и интерпретационного анализа, которые в совокупности позволили идентифицировать универсальные и культурно-маркированные средства описания космических объектов. В ходе исследования были выявлены ключевые коды якутской лингвокультуры: антропоморфный, предметный и зооморфный. В паремиях зафиксирована мифологема вселенной в образе сосуда, коня-космоса; небесные тела приобретают антропоморфные и зооморфные черты; предметный и зооморфный коды актуализируют архаичную картину хозяйственного уклада якутов. Перспективы исследования заключаются в том, что полученные результаты могут быть использованы специалистами в области лингвистики, лингвокультурологии и фольклористики, интересующимися проблематикой отражения специфики национальных культур в фольклорных текстах.
One of the topical directions of modern linguistics refer to the studies related to the identification of anthropocentric nature of the language. In this context, language can be considered a system of signs reflecting the specifics of human perception and description of the world around. Being the most ancient genre of folklore, riddles serve as a valuable material for linguocultural research and contain unique culturally significant information about the mythological and worldview views of different peoples. The purpose of the study is to determine key cultural codes verbalized in the texts of the Yakut cosmogonic riddles. The objectives of the study were as follows: to consider texts of riddles in which the sky and celestial bodies serve as the denotation; to identify key cultural codes that metaphorically represent celestial space and space objects; as well as archaic images of space objects and the sky encrypted in the texts of riddles. To achieve the purpose, we used the methods of semantic, descriptive, semiotic and interpretive analysis. The combination of the methods mentioned above allowed identifying universal and culturally marked codes that describe space objects. In the course of the study the key codes of Yakut linguoculture were identified: anthropomorphic, object and zoomorphic. In paroemias the mythologeme of the universe is represented by a vessel, horse-cosmos; celestial bodies acquire anthropomorphic and zoomorphic features; object-related and zoomorphic codes actualize the archaic picture of the household structure of the Yakuts. The prospects of the study are the following: the results obtained can be used by specialists in linguistics, linguoculturology and folkloristics, interested in the problems of reflecting the specifics of national cultures in folklore texts.

В статье рассматриваются языковые особенности в представлении СССР во французских учебных текстах на материале используемых в гимназиях и колледжах учебников под редакцией С. Бернстайна и П. Милза. Цель данной статьи - выявить языковые средства в описании роли СССР во Второй мировой войне. Обращение к материалу учебников позволяет понять основы французского миропонимания, однако языковая сторона представления Советского Союза в учебных исторических текстах на французском языке не изучена в современной лингвистике, чем обусловлена актуальность данной работы. Основными методами исследования послужил поиск и выявление в тексте французских учебников ключевых слов (Советский Союз, победа, разгром, названия стран, имена руководителей). Изучив материал исследования, авторы делают вывод, что, хотя именно СССР стал той страной, которая определила ход войны и победу над Германией, в репрезентации страны-победителя не используется лексика со значением «героизм» и «победитель». Французские учебники по истории способствуют созданию образа СССР не как страны, внесшей решающий вклад в победу над фашизмом, а в лучшем случае как помощника англосаксов и как источник потенциальной опасности.
The article examines the linguistic features of the USSR representation in educational texts on the sample of textbooks edited by S. Bernstein and P. Milza used in French gymnasiums and colleges. The article aims to identify and systematize linguistic means in describing the role of the USSR in World War II. The research seems to be scientifically important as the representation of the USSR in French educational historical texts has not been studied in modern linguistics yet, and the material of textbooks makes us understand the basics of the French world perception. The analysis of the linguistic representation of the USSR was based on the presence in the French text of such keywords as USSR / Soviet Union, victory, tournant / turning point, names of countries, cities, and names of leaders. The authors conclude that the French textbook does not consider the USSR to be the main contributor in the outcome of the war, as there are no words meaning "heroism" or "winner" when depicting the USSR. The linguistic means and techniques used by the French authors create the USSR image not as a country that played a decisive role to win the victory over fascism, but as an assistant to the Anglo-Saxons (at best) and as a source of potential danger.

Estudo sobre os aspectos lingüísticos de representação do conhecimento. Objetiva discutir os fundamentos teóricos da organização do conhecimento, em suas bases lingüísticas e culturais e elementos de representação, relacionando a teoria da interação verbal de Bakhtin com os princípios e práticas da representação do conhecimento. Fundamenta-se no pressuposto de que os princípios de representação não podem ser reduzidos às disciplinas e práticas que para elas contribuem. A partir das reflexões de Bakhtin, em Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem, são analisados quatro aspectos por ele apontados. O primeiro refere-se à interação entre interlocutores, fundamental para a comunicação e princípio fundador da linguagem. O segundo diz respeito à dependência do sentido do texto e da significação das palavras à relação entre sujeitos, sentido e significação construídos na produção e na interpretação dos textos pelos sujeitos. A precedência da intersubjetividade sobre a subjetividade é o terceiro aspecto observado, pois é na relação entre os interlocutores que se constroem os sujeitos produtores do texto. O quarto aspecto, a dupla noção de sociabilidade, é explorado pela análise da relação entre sujeitos ou interlocutores que interagem e a dos sujeitos com a sociedade. Esses aspectos compõem um processo decisivo para o diálogo ou interlocução entre vozes intermediadas pela percepção de mundo de cada um dos envolvidos, criando espaços de flexibilização intervenientes nos fundamentos teóricos sobre a organização e representação do conhecimento. Nessa direção, apontam-se caminhos e práticas, materializados em instrumentos resultantes da valorização dos elementos culturais, cognitivos, éticos e estéticos presentes no contexto de uma determinada sociedade ou comunidade.

Objective: Knowing the meanings of mental illness for individuals with psychotic disorders, hospitalized in a general
hospital. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Five people formed the sample. It Was used a semistructured interview and graphical representation in order to obtain the information. The Data was sent to content
analysis, of thematic type. Results: The surveyed was reported to mental illness, as: a result of divine punishments and
witchcraft; a reality charged with suffering and difficulties, the result of losses and experiences from childhood,
something difficult to explain, laden with stigma, misunderstanding, distrust and disqualification; presence of
symptoms; limiting daily activities and disabling for work. Conclusion: We conclude that there is need for
interventions that go beyond the reduction and control of symptoms, directing a look at the relationship of mental
patient with family, work and the community.