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The article reflects the main aspects that should be taken into account in developing and changing the regulation of intellectual property sphere. Being harmful in some aspects, piracy also has a number of properties that can be useful for copyright owners: information, network and indirect effects. The paper presents a mathematical model showing the case where the protection of intellection activity result can cause more damage to public welfare than piracy itself. The findings show a need for tools more flexible than the intellectual property system so that every copyright owner can choose the required level of protection.

российские университеты при поддержке Правительства РФ и Минобрнауки РФ активно привлекаются к разработке инноваций и их коммерциализации. Все это обусловливает необходимость рассматриваемой в статье интенсификации процессов формирования и патентования результатов интеллектуальной деятельности при выполнении грантов ; проведении поисковых работ. ; Russian universities with the support of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation are actively involved in the development of innovations and their commercialization. All this necessitates the intensification of the processes of formation and patenting of the results of intellectual activity in the performance of grants and the conduct of prospecting.

В гражданском законодательстве в области регулирования правоотношений между автором-работником и работодателем по поводу создания и использования служебных результатов интеллектуальной деятельности (РИД) существует ряд неразрешенных вопросов. Один из которых касается размера, порядка определения и уплаты вознаграждения автору произведения. Не смотря на наличие на сегодняшний день достаточного количества законных и подзаконных актов (которые отсылают друг к другу, но не дают ответы на поставленные вопросы), остается нерешенным вопрос о юридической природе вознаграждения, как материального блага, выплачиваемого автору. Ввиду чего работодатели или третьи лица часто злоупотребляют законодательными пробелами с целью заполучения объекта творческой труда без выплаты работнику по справедливости причитающегося блага.После создания служебного РИД встает вопрос о выплате или о не выплате работнику вознаграждения. Ведь для работодателя будет выгодным признать объект, созданный мыслительным путем, выполненный работником в рамках трудовой деятельности или конкретного задания работодателя. При чем, такое задание не должно выходить за рамки должностной инструкции. Поскольку вознаграждение, как правило, будет невелико. А что делать, когда объект создан за рамками трудовой функции? Каков будет справедливые и законный размер вознаграждения? Поэтому именно такие понятия как «трудовая обязанность» и «конкретное задание работодателя» становятся в практике камнем преткновения. И при решении поставленных вопросов, авторы часто начинают поиск ответов с философских истоков зарождения вознаграждения за творческих труд, используя методы сравнительного анализа, историко-правовые способы и даже философские учения древних мыслителей.Целью научной стати является разрешение проблемы при взыскании авторами служебных результатов интеллектуальной деятельности вознаграждения за созданные и использованные объекты интеллектуальной собственности с применением категорий «справедливости», «законности», «соразмерности», имеющих философский генезис.Методами научного исследования выступают: анализ действующего гражданского законодательства в области защиты авторских прав, сравнительно-исторический подход к изучению становления и развития законодательства в сфере интеллектуальной собственности, синтез знаний, сформулированных древнегреческими и средневековыми мыслителями, с целью рассмотрения выплаты вознаграждения автору через призму распределения благ в политически-организованном обществе.Область применения результатов: данные знания применимы в области защиты прав авторов своих субъективных прав на результаты интеллектуальной деятельности, созданные в рамках трудовой обязанности или конкретного задания работодателя. ; In the civil legislation in the field of regulation of legal relations between the author-worker and the employer concerning the creation and use of the service results of intellectual activity (RIA), there are a number of unresolved issues. One of them concerns the size, the procedure for determining and paying remuneration to the author of the work. Despite the availability to date of a sufficient number of legal and by-laws (which refer to each other, but do not provide answers to the questions posed), the question of the legal nature of remuneration remains unresolved, as a material benefit paid to the author. As a result, employers or third parties often abuse legislative gaps in order to obtain an object of creative work without payment to the employee for the fairness of the due goods.After the creation of the official RIA, the question arises of the payment or non-payment of remuneration to the employee. After all, it will be profitable for the employer to recognize an object created by a thoughtful way, performed by an employee in the framework of a labor activity or a specific job of the employer. At what, such task should not go beyond the scope of the job description. As compensation, as a rule, will be small. And what if the object is created outside the scope of the labor function? What will be the fair and lawful amount of remuneration? Therefore, it is precisely such concepts as «labor duty» and «specific task of the employer» that become a stumbling block in practice. And when solving the questions posed, the authors often begin to search for answers from the philosophical origins of the origin of remuneration for creative work, using methods of comparative analysis, historical legal methods and even the philosophical teachings of ancient thinkers. Let's demonstrate this on this topic.The purpose of the scientific article is to solve the problem when collecting the author's performance results of intellectual activity for the created and used intellectual property objects using the categories of «justice», «legality», «symmetry», having a philosophical genesis.Methods of scientific research are: analysis of existing civil legislation in the field of copyright protection, a comparative-historical approach to the study of the formation and development of legislation in the field of intellectual property, the synthesis of knowledge formulated by ancient Greek and medieval thinkers, to consider the payment of compensation to the author through the prism of the distribution of benefits in Politically-organized society.Results: this knowledge is applicable in the field of protecting the rights of authors of their subjective rights to the results of intellectual activity created in the framework of work activities or specific employer's work.

Introduction. The author represented the model of management of legal protection of intellectual activity results of pedagogical staff of postgraduate pedagogical education. This model presents itself goal-directed holistic organizing structure, interconnected elements. It defines the methods of the pedagogical experiment, toolbox and procedure diagnosticians, as well as systematization, analysis and interpretation of received data. Purpose – to develop technology of the designing of author's model of management of legal protection of intellectual activity results of pedagogical staff of postgraduate pedagogical education and experimentally check it. Methods. For realization of the problem the method of the pedagogical experiment was used. Results. For determination of efficiency to author's model is used complex criterion to efficiency, which integrates the signs of the positive result with even number of reliability, stabilities and operative called on work. This criterion will take for base of the check results program of the experimental functioning, consisting of three stages. It has allowed to check the conceptual positions of the study, make sure in efficiency each of component of the author's model with provision for it structures and logical hierarchy of the consequent relationships between these component. In the course of experiment main accent is made on need of control legal protection result to knowledge-based activity pedagogical staff of postgraduate pedagogical education. Also, there were created organizing-legal and pedagogical conditions that has allowed not only to realize the author's model, but also form the legal culture of these specialist. The achievement deliver to purposes and checking the hypothesis promoted the development of the contents of the experimental program and choice checking-diagnostic procedures. Experimental functioning enabled to realize scholastic-methodical complex «Shaping to readiness of pedagogical staff to protection of the rights to knowledge-based property». Monitoring the procedure of the pedagogical experiment has confirmed efficiency to author's model and has allowed to contribute some corrections on move of the formalizations got result on perspective, high, sufficient and base level formatted legal culture respondent. The factor of this culture are chose larval sense, fullness of the legal knowledge's, skill to get, analyzed and generalize legal information, as well as ability to realize legislative and normative-legal acts.Originality. For the first time it is designed the model of management legal protection result to intellectual activity of scientifically-pedagogical staff in the system of education, in particular postgraduate pedagogical education. Conclusion. The received results can be used in condition of the developed information ambience. They are useful for determination conceptual approach to management legal protection to intellectual property. The further study requires the questions of the dictation by rights on results of intellectual activity.

The article is devoted to legal regulation of eficiency work in the Russian Federation and some foreign countries. The main problems in the sphere are revealed including the lack of legislative support of the eficiency proposal author's right to reward, and severely outdated legal documents regulating eficiency work that were adopted more than twenty years ago. The approach to the promotion of eficiency work in such developed countries as the USA, Japan and in promptly developing China is analyzed. The article contains a review of legal acts regulating eficiency work in Russia and in some countries of the former USSR, particularly in Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan. Two basic approaches to the promotion of eficiency work are identiied: the irst is typical for technologically advanced countries with a long tradition of direct support of eficiency work and innovative activity directly at enterprises without participation of the state. The second approach has been developed in the former socialist countries where the state traditionally has strong inluence on virtually all spheres of social life, in particular on creating instruments for the stimulation of eficiency work. In the countries, belonging to the irst group, eficiency proposals are not regarded as legally protected results of intellectual activity. In the second group of countries legal protection of eficiency proposals presently remains in force. There is some legal uncertainty in Russia nowadays: on the one hand eficiency proposal is not a legally protected result of intellectual activity, on the other hand it can be protected as know-how. However there are no legal norms providing for the know-how author's right to remuneration for the creation of the result in the course of the employment. The article suggests amendments to the Russian labor law, aimed at stimulating eficiency work.

International audience ; Purpose The purpose of this paper is the foresight of new forms of intellectual activity in society. Design/methodology/approach This research examines the ways of predicting the development of intellectual activity. To reveal the topic, the author uses semiotics and the method of building possible worlds. The author explores intellectual activity in terms of sign systems. From this angle, the logic of the narrative expresses the order of the organization of intellectual activity. This approach reveals the connections between images of possible worlds and decision-making methods. Findings The author conceptually outlines the forms of intellectual activity in a globalized society. A globalized society is a complex of political, economic, cultural and scientific ties that spread throughout the world. The foresight of new forms of intellectual activity allows conceptually sketching the practical use of proper decision-making methods. These methods involve the use of artificial machine intelligence, collective intelligence, etc. Forms of intellectual activity are related to the worldbuilding that cause the development of culture through the development of knowledge. The description of forms of intellectual activity shows a promising way of humanitarian research in a globalized society. Research limitations/implications The research implies technological metaphors related to the history of culture and the role of intellectual activity in it. Practical implications The author examines the practical possibilities of applying traditional humanities for the development of new forms of intellectual activity in a globalized society. Social implications In the social space, exposing the effectiveness of traditional humanities helps to assess the consequences of using intellectual activity in practice. Originality/value The originality of this research is associated with the identification of links between the conceptual provisions of semiotics and the method for building possible worlds.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is the foresight of new forms of intellectual activity in society.


Design/methodology/approach
This research examines the ways of predicting the development of intellectual activity. To reveal the topic, the author uses semiotics and the method of building possible worlds. The author explores intellectual activity in terms of sign systems. From this angle, the logic of the narrative expresses the order of the organization of intellectual activity. This approach reveals the connections between images of possible worlds and decision-making methods.


Findings
The author conceptually outlines the forms of intellectual activity in a globalized society. A globalized society is a complex of political, economic, cultural and scientific ties that spread throughout the world. The foresight of new forms of intellectual activity allows conceptually sketching the practical use of proper decision-making methods. These methods involve the use of artificial machine intelligence, collective intelligence, etc. Forms of intellectual activity are related to the worldbuilding that cause the development of culture through the development of knowledge. The description of forms of intellectual activity shows a promising way of humanitarian research in a globalized society.


Research limitations/implications
The research implies technological metaphors related to the history of culture and the role of intellectual activity in it.


Practical implications
The author examines the practical possibilities of applying traditional humanities for the development of new forms of intellectual activity in a globalized society.


Social implications
In the social space, exposing the effectiveness of traditional humanities helps to assess the consequences of using intellectual activity in practice.


Originality/value
The originality of this research is associated with the identification of links between the conceptual provisions of semiotics and the method for building possible worlds.

The article is devoted to the investment and legal aspects of the proposed measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the national intellectual capital use and, hence, achieving the long-term objectives of social and economic development of Russia. Such measures include the development of private investment, including venture capital, reduction of interest rates on production loans for high-tech companies using and creating national intellectual capital and legislation improvement in the sphere of creation and use of intellectual property. The article presents the forecast of economic effect from realization of measures in the sphere of private investment development, the forecast of economic effect from the reduction of interest rates on loans for high-tech companies using the example of а hypothetical company, the assessment of the impact of proposals on legislation improvement and providing the technology transfer. It concludes that the proposed measures have the significant influence in terms of stimulating the development of private investment in the sphere of intellectual capital use. The article presents the model of estimation of economic effect from reduction of interest rates on the loan for high-tech enterprises, which confirms the positive impact of this measure at microeconomic level, which, in turn, allows to make a conclusion about its positive impact on the economy as a whole. Within the legal aspect study the specific measures to encourage the creation and use of intellectual capital and improving technology transfer as an element of intellectual capital policy are proposed. It is concluded that the proposed legislative and institutional changes will contribute to improving the efficiency of national intellectual capital use in the long term.

Сформулирована авторская позиция о патенте как юридическом основании использования прав на новые товары; выявлены недостатки использования патента на рынке и предложен способ их преодоления. ; The author's position about the patent as a legislative basis of use of the rights for new goods is formulated; shortcomings of use of the patent in the market are revealed and the way of their overcoming is offered.

Discussion is dedicated to the study of legal problems of stimulating the interest of businesses in the use of scientiic research and conducting their own research. The relevance of the proposed topic due to the fact that one of the most acute problems of the Russian economy is little demand from the business sector on the existing industrial intellectual property. Identiied problems allowed to develop proposals for improving the legal regulation aimed at the formation and growth of the volume of intangible assets and transactions with them. The author of the report proposes to amend the Russian legislation in the ield of tax regulation, the integration of education and research in business and economics, regulation of labour of research fellows, the settlement of disputes in the ield of intellectual property, promotion of small innovative enterprises, procurement for state and municipal needs.