Suchergebnisse

Demonetization is known as an act of stripping currency unit of its status as legal tender. It is also known as withdrawing of a particular form of currency from circulation. Government pulled the old Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 notes out of circulation. While the unprecedented action taken by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi has impacted e-commerce and at the same times it has an impact on the consumers and their shopping behavior through online shopping. Thus it becomes necessary to study the impact of demonetization on e- commerce industry. The main aim of the study is to understand and analyze the effect of demonetization on consumer's frequency of buying product and consumer's mode of payment mode through online shopping post demonetization

Purpose. To compare the retail distribution and density per population of electronic and conventional cigarettes in smoke-free communities with and without e-cigarette restrictions. Design. A cross-sectional study with field observations of retail tobacco stores. Setting. Two Central Kentucky counties with 100% smoke-free workplace regulations; counties selected on the basis of whether e-cigarette use was restricted. Subjects. Fifty-seven tobacco retailers in two counties, including conventional retailers and stand-alone e-cigarette stores. Measures. Type and location of store and products sold; addresses of stores and schools geocoded with ArcGIS. Analysis. Bivariate comparisons between counties, rates and confidence intervals for frequency of tobacco retailers and e-cigarette stores per population. Results. Fifty-three percent of tobacco retailers sold e-cigarettes. E-cigarette availability did not differ by whether smoke-free regulation covered e-cigarettes. Rates of tobacco retailers and e-cigarette distributors per 10,000 were 8.29 and 4.40, respectively, in the two-county area. Of the 40 schools, 88% had a tobacco retailer and 68% had an e-cigarette distributor within 1 mile. Conclusion. In this exploratory study, e-cigarette use restriction was not related to store availability. For a relatively new product, e-cigarettes were readily available in retail outlets and close to schools.

Objectives. We conducted a longitudinal assessment of tobacco pricing in military retail outlets, including trends within each service branch.

Evidence suggests that widespread distribution of tobacco and point of sale (POS) displays of tobacco prompt impulse purchases and cue smoking. As a result, health researchers have argued for a reduction in the number of tobacco retail outlets. However, with tobacco products now removed from display in many countries, there has been very little evidence to indicate whether decreasing the number of tobacco retail outlets will result in reduced smoking prevalence. Using a combination of in-depth interviews and near-real-time electronic diary data collected from 31 smokers and attempting quitters, we examined their responses to exposure to tobacco outlets. The findings provide the first evidence that even in the absence of POS displays, the mere sight of tobacco retail outlets can trigger impulse tobacco purchases and increase smoking frequency. The findings support calls to restrict tobacco distribution.