Suchergebnisse

Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine foreign debt as a source of financing for economic development. This research is expected to provide (1) an overview of debt as a source of funding for state projects, (2) investigate its impacts and (3) offer additional knowledge of its Islamic perspective. Methodology: This research is a qualitative study using the study literature approach. This research is conducted by analysing books, literature, journals, and magazines with themes related to the focus of the discussion on this study. It is expected that the method used can provide insight, general knowledge, and develop the view of Islam in relation to foreign debt. Main Findings: The government has to ensure that the state has the ability to pay off its obligations in the future; guarantee that loans have to be free from interest; prioritize taking loans from internal sources rather than external sources. In Addition, debts are not intended for deferred needs and not taking loans that exceed their needs. Applications of this study: basically the results of this study can be applied to any country that considers the use of public debt, like other Islamic systems. Novelty/Originality of this study:This research is conceptual research in an Islamic perspective. This study successfully examined comprehensively related to the public debt with the Islamic approach.

The existence and contribution of Islamic boarding school (pesantren) for Indonesian people is significance enough. Pesantren is an educational and community development institution. Its existence in Pekalongan, however, is in serious condition. Today, its development is less maximal, the increase of student amount is not significance, the Islamic classical book study does not improve, and the institution is stagnant, i.e. as a religious learning place only. There are some pesantrens that their student amount become more in a little calculation every years, and even their students are off, and only few pesantrens develop bigger. This research describes that condition and government take a strategic initiative to reinforce their existence and vitality

Recently the impact of climate change has been an increasingly important policy issue to the Indonesian government. It makes serious programs to support the global climate change mitigation action. This article is aimed at analyzing the application of Indonesia's climate change policy. The focus is on crucial problems that constrain its effectiveness both at international and domestic levels. The discussions indicate that Indonesia's multilateral diplomacy to protect the environment is affected by the rise of global power politics as the consequence of the contestation between China and the United States. Meanwhile, internal actions are hindered by the complex social, economic, and cultural barriers. The efficacy of the policy is considerably weakened. To conclude, however, this author tries to offer some potential solutions for strategic planning and policy improvement.

The problem of this research is how Islam regards the economy Foreign Debt Government of Indonesia and the solution according to Islamic economic perspective. This research was library research. Analysis of data using content analysis. The results of the study revealed that foreign debts are increasing in number every year. The government's foreign debt is a source of development financing is commonly done by developing countries. Indonesian government's foreign debt has been to contain the system of interest, known as riba nasi'ah, riba nasi'ah are in addition to the debt repayment required by donor countries. Thus, in their views of Islam, the government's foreign debt is currently not in accordance with the Qur'an and Hadith. Posts offer a solution formulation of the government's foreign debt in other forms of cooperation permitted under Sharia, such as Mudharabah, Musyarakah, Murabahah, Ijarah and others, can be developed as a form of external financing in the state budgets.

This study addresses the two-fold question of whether the integration-liberalization process of ASEAN is headed towards the creation of a single production base region, and how ASEAN links with other trade blocks. It looks into the degree of intra-ASEAN and extra-ASEAN vertical integration vis-à-vis North America, East Asia, and the European Union through the measurement of value-added creation-absorption in global value chains (GVC) and by locating ASEAN within vertical structures. The study employs an international input-output database and breaks up gross exports into different components of value-added using data from 1997, 2004, and 2012. ASEAN has made significant gains in integrating with East Asia. However, ASEAN as a single production region has gained little, and even lost share in value-added trade with NAFTA and Europe. The truth is that ASEAN has a stronger role across the GVC as a supplier of intermediate goods (33%) than as a supplier of final goods (30%). Vertical structures represent more than 43% of ASEAN gross exports, but it still depends on foreign parts and components (35%) to produce its exports. It may be argued that ASEAN + 6, which entails a wider scope of integration, might offer larger benefits to the ASEAN project.

The number of respondents being sampled as many as 220 respondents. The description of the respondent's answer is the result of the respondent's answer to each research variable. The description of the answer will be explained based on the frequency and the results of the mean calculation of each categorized variable. In political campaigns there are two relationships that will be built, namely internal and external. Program, image of social, emotional feeling and image of candidats. The program has a significant effect on voting attitudes, these results provide support for the first hypothesis in this study. Social image has a significant effect on voting attitudes, these results provide support for the second hypothesis in this study. Emotional feelings do not have a significant effect on voting attitudes, this result is contrary to the third hypothesis in this study. The image of candidate has a significant effect on the attitude of choosing, this result provides support for the fourth hypothesis in this study. For politicians or candidates who take part in the elections so that they pay more attention to the image, especially the image of the candidate. Because voters are more interested in choosing in terms of the candidate's image. For a successful team should offer more courses menyentu on society as a voter. For the next researchers, it is expected to use a cluster sampling method so that the possibility of the population being represented in the sample is greater.

This pandemic period is the most difficult period for local governments, especially the pandemic has been going on for almost one fiscal year. The sudden arrival of the pandemic has forced the government to do budget refocusing. This study specifically wants to describe the dynamic governance capabilities of local governments in formulating regional budget policies during the pandemic or after the Covid-19 outbreak ends, so that in the future fiscal year, agile bureaucracy will be built in the regions. Another objective of this study is to describe the fundamental problems that occur in the budget formulation process and offer guidance related to how to solve problems in the budget preparation cycle for the 2021 fiscal year. The focus of the study is on the process of making budgeting policies in the regions, not on fiscal policies. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data sources entirely obtained through secondary sources, so that this study can be called a literature research. The results of this study found that within the framework of thinking a head, local governments must be able to applicate using existing budgetary flexibility and exceptional spending procedures to fund first, so that the programs and activities to be carried out can be more flexible. Another thing that was found was the accelerating revision of regional finance regulation to secure a budget for the response through. During this pandemic, local governments continue to carry out planned programs and activities, so that regional budget absorption can be achieved and the economic life of the community can continue to develop.

ABSTRACTNationalism, ideology based on the premise that the individual's loyalty anddevotion to the nation state surpass other individual or group interest nationalismis a modern movement. A consciousness of the part of individuals or groups ofmembership in a nation, whether one's or another. A state of mind, permeating thelarge majority of people and climing to permeate all its members, it recognizes thenation state as the ideal form of political organization and the nationality as thesource of all creative cultural energy and economic will being.Nationalism is a political, social, and economic system characterized by thepromotion of the interest of particular nation, especially with the aim of gainingand maintaining sovereignty (self governance). The supreme loyalty of man istherefore do to this nationality, as his own life is supposedly rooted in and madepossible by its welfare.The policy or doctrine of asserting the interest of one's own nation viewed asseparate from the interest of all nation and idiom or trait peculiar to a nation, amovement, as in the arts, based upon the folk idioms, history, aspirations of anation. Nationalism is a strong attachment to a particular country or nation. It isalso called patriotism many historians consider nationalism to be one of the mostimportant forces in shaping modern history. Nationalism can have a positiveinfluence by giving people a sense of belonging to a national community.Integral nationalism, this stage of nationalism centers the nation and its state in thelife of all citizens. Instead of a state being committed to supplying public goods tocitizens, this form of nationalism emphasizes individuals sacrifice for the benefit ofthe nation and its government.Nationalism is a simple and relativist political ideology that holds tremendous waywith millions of voters and many government. Nationalism's adaptability to mostlocal conditions allows it to thrive, especially when supported by a governmentintent on expanding its own power, domestically and internationally. It's andattractive ideology for political leaders, as it provides a ready made and widelybelieved justification for increased political power in order to make the nation.Indonesia's leader want to wean the country off commodities and push investmentin value added manufacturing and services to emulate the success of countries. Theargument that Indonesia needs to focus on overhauling education andinfrastructure to lift the country's productivity and help boost its economy.Its vision of the inevitable transformation of the nation state system by globalprocesses that the nation state was entering a period of crisis. The argue thatnationalism would only intensity as states the growing challenge of globalization.