Suchergebnisse

Modern international law contains certain elements that are of fundamental importance for international law system. Some examples of this are the territorial sovereignty, their political independence and their formal equality - elements that all law is based on, and which is of such importance that if they imagined away, said falling international law as a system completely. International law Regier on the use of military force, which is the topic of this contribution, is another example. Effective restrictions on states' use of military force against other states is of crucial importance for the law's other key elements is to have any reality. Without such restrictions, no real sovereignty and independence, no real rule of peaceful settlement of disputes, and further said. Adapted from the source document.

Climate change has renewed the debate about shipping in the Arctic due to an expected reduction of ice in these sea lanes. Because of the Arctic slowly opening, allowing for more activity, navigational rights for ships have caught the attention of the world once again, including those of warships. Through analysing the navigational regime for warships in the Northwest and Northeast Passages, this article aims to introduce the different rules for navigation and the consequences for maritime operations in the Arctic, including the right to overflight. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea provides navigational rights for warships and overflight in peace time operations, but the matter of which navigation rules should apply in the passages is under debate. Based on an analysis of the Convention, case law, legal theory and customary law, the article aims to shed light on different interpretations of the legal regimes of navigation in the passages and which rules should apply to warships and overflight in the future.

The Foreign Affairs Committee has been a central point in the Norwegian political life ever since 1917 when the committee began its activity in its current role under the chairman J. L. Mowinckel. Since then the committee has been led by three prime ministers and three foreign affairs ministers, mostly under left wing rule, even if the Christian People's Party and the Conservative Party have also chaired the committee for three terms each. The first female committee member was Rakel Sewerin from 1961 to 1969 and the only female committee chairman was Gro Harlem Brundtland from 1980 to 1981 and from 1989 to 1990. L. Pitkaniemi

An introduction to the report Norwegian Self-Image and Norwegian Foreign Policy that describes similarities and differences between the image and foreign policy of Norway. Norwegian foreign policy has long been characterized by neutrality, compliance with international rules, moralization, internationalization and a focus on certain sectors. Geopolitics is one of these sectors and increasingly relevant in a world where countries are competing for natural resources to achieve energy security. While Norway portrays a good image by generously providing developmental and humanitarian aid and by maintaining a high profile in the UN, the country is also hurt by its high food tariffs, a strict immigration policy and its refusal to be part of the EU. Adapted from the source document.

Provides three arguments for why the European Union should be an important factor in the Norwegian foreign policy discussion and analyzes the previous debate on the matter. Despite the fact that Norway is not part of the EU, the country still conducts more trade with the Union than most countries within the Union do. Harmonization of the rules would also be important for Norway, especially when the European Union has larger budget consequences for the Norwegian government year after year. Surprisingly, during the two decades of policy debate from 1988 to 2008, the EU has had a smaller role than the US in the Norwegian media. In addition, the Norwegian EU debate is dominated by strong yes/no interest groups and often takes the form of debate theater with predictable answers with very little practical importance. L. Pitkaniemi

Is the classic diplomat one of globalization's many victims? Has foreign policy become an underutilization of domestic politics? We still have an international state system, based on diplomacy as a tool, where dialogue and negotiation between equal players are the axiom, or is it about to dissolve in their regions and religions? How should foreign policy is organized and managed in order to be optimally equipped for global common challenges? These are some of the issues that the sacking stream of books on international politics, economics and diplomacy takes up. One category sheds new light on the bureaucratic state, the global system and the challenges it faces. The Christian Westphalian order has evolved since the mid-1600s, based on sovereignty, strategy and balance of power, but the world is now moving back to something similar to a pre-modern state system, characterized by system clash, legitimacy struggle and the emergence of new powers who want to transform the ground rules, in the worst case, override them completely. Adapted from the source document.