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The author studied the huge work done by researchers on archival materials and sources related to the history of the economic and political life of Russia in the late XIX-early XX centuries, its institutions and representatives. At the same time, the study sometimes goes beyond the accumulated experience and views of Russian scientists (M. Delyagin, V. Katasonov, M. Khazin, A. Rode and others). The relevant opinions of historians are also presented on the subject indicated in the title of the article (N. Danilevsky, Yu. Zhukov, A. Pyzhikov, etc.). One of the results of the study is a brief analysis of the work on establishing large humanitarian-production complexes. The aim of the study was to systematize theoretical approaches to control for their further application in practice. The reasons for the existence of various conceptual approaches in Russia are the uncritical study and application of controlling by experts from different fields of knowledge and the insufficient, if not competent, filling of both curricula and practices. In addition, for a long time, the specific popular perception of private property and its derivative processes in society was not appreciated. In carrying out this study, the author used the methods of structural and functional analysis, historical-comparative and problem-chronological, as well as the epistemological method. The paper systematizes the existing approaches to the classification of controlling and proposes a format that takes into account the features of the model of the controlling system. It is recommended to use the results of theoretical and methodological studies for training specialists in the field of economics and management, as well as in the real practice of large industrial enterprises.

Since the resurgence of Russia under Putin's leadership the recurring contestation of NATO's legitimacy has evolved from the rhetoric level to a greater oppositional capacity. The features of the New Strategic Concept of the Atlantic Alliance, being outlined by a group of experts, & the new Russian doctrines guiding its external actions that have been approved in the last two years, do not indicate political convergences. The forthcoming NATO Lisbon summit of November 2010 will have to manage a balance between its legitimacy issues towards the Kremlin that have crystallized in Europe, & the need to cooperate with the Russian giant in the global strategic environment. Adapted from the source document.

Bossen, G. D.: A Russia apos as eleicoes presidenciais. - S. 9-32. Pomeranz, L.: As transformacoes economicas e a privatizacao na Russia. - S. 33-47. Strepetova, M. P.: Reorganizacoes institucionais dos anos 90 na Russia. - S. 49-59. Kriashkov, W.: A Russia a caminho do Estado de Direito. - S. 61-72. Sergunin, A.: As regioes contra o centro. Sua influencia sobre a politica externa Russa. - S. 73-86

Russia-China relations have been marked by areas of cooperation built on shared approaches in fundamental foreign policy topics, as well as by some elements of continuity in projects of national consolidation. However, this has not been a relationship without constraints, especially regarding incompatible goals. This article analyses the relations between Russia and China in an internationally changed framework, where the Asia-Pacific region has been gaining growing relevance. Political, economic and security relations are object of analysis, with the aim of understanding the main issues in the agenda and the dynamics that these have generated regarding the bilateral relationship, which is increasingly understood as asymmetrical. Adapted from the source document.

In the modern world the reputation of the company is more and more influenced by its social position.As a result of a longstanding and sustained process of western government capitalist development, a complicated and balanced system of regulating mutual relations between private enterprise, au­thority, society in the sphere of socioeconomic development of countries and separate territories was formed.Nowadays in different countries business participation in solving social problems is either regu­lated hard by the commercial, taxation, labour, environmental legislation or independently under the influence of determined motivations and benefits. In Russia this process is under way in the conditions of dominating governmental positions, weak civil society institutions and oligarchic business development.Social changes in the society are successful only when most important powers are involved. The cooperation of political, social and economic subjects, based on the principles of social partnership, contributes to the steady development of the country. The increasing significance of non-financial development factors (social stability, environmental safety) actualize practical and theoretical aspects of social responsibility. ; In the modern world the reputation of the company is more and more influenced by its social position. As a result of a longstanding and sustained process of western government capitalist development, a complicated and balanced system of regulating mutual relations between private enterprise, au­thority, society in the sphere of socioeconomic development of countries and separate territories was formed.Nowadays in different countries business participation in solving social problems is either regu­lated hard by the commercial, taxation, labour, environmental legislation or independently under the influence of determined motivations and benefits. In Russia this process is under way in the conditions of dominating governmental positions, weak civil society institutions and oligarchic business development.Social changes in the society are successful only when most important powers are involved. The cooperation of political, social and economic subjects, based on the principles of social partnership, contributes to the steady development of the country. The increasing significance of non-financial development factors (social stability, environmental safety) actualize practical and theoretical aspects of social responsibility. ; Dans le monde moderne la réputation de l'entreprise est de plus en plus sous l'inflluencia de sa position sociale. Comme conséquence d'un processus de beaucoup d'années et soutenu d'un dévelo­ppement occidental capitaliste de gouvernement, un système compliqué et équilibré, de régler des relations mutuelles entre l'entreprise privée, l'autorité, la société dans la sphère de développement socio-économique de pays et de territoires séparés a été formée.De nos jours dans la participation de différente affaire de pays dans la solution de problèmes sociaux il est ou réglé tout près le commercial, des impôts, la législation de travail, environnemen­tale ou par séparé sous l'influence de motivations décidées et d'avantages. En Russie ce processus est dans une marche dans les conditions de dominer des positions gouvernementales, de faibles institutions civiles de société et le développement commercial oligarchique.Des changements sociaux de la société sont seulement atteints quand les pouvoirs les plus impor­tants sont impliqués. La coopération des hommes politiques, sociale et économique il fixe, basé sur les principes de société sociale, contribue au développement stable du pays. L'importance croissante de facteurs non financiers de développement (la stabilité sociale, la sécurité environnementale) actualise les aspects pratiques et théoriques de responsabilité sociale.

Corporate social responsibility is focused on finding ways to harmonize the relationship between business, government and society. Russian companies are unique because they are between the Soviet past and the present Market. According to the Russian government, social responsibility is a kind of "payoff" for privatization, in which the state property was given to new owners. While capitalization is one of the most important criteria in international practice, in Russia it is the creation of political conditions favorable for running and developing businesses.

[ES] La lucha dinástica española (1833-1840) tuvo repercusiones en Europa, tanto por el interés de ambos contendientes por lograr apoyos exteriores, como por las consecuencias de la política derivada del Congreso de Viena (1814), en el que se adoptaron medidas para mantener inalterable el mapa político europeo. Si bien las Potencias Moderadas (Austria, Prusia y Rusia) actuaron conjuntamente bajo la dirección del príncipe Metternich, los carlistas tenían cifradas grandes esperanzas en que el impulso ruso hiciese bascular a los demás países en su favor. La lejanía del conflicto, su mayor interés por las cuestiones de Oriente y la escasa confianza en la futura actuación del Pretendiente carlista son algunos de los principales factores que intervinieron en el débil apoyo del Imperio zarista. ; [EN] The Spanish dynastic conflict (1833-1840) had a wide echo in Europe; the contending parts needed foreign help and the war affected the policy designed in the Congress of Vienna (1814), whose main object was to preserve the political map of Europe unaltered. Although Eastern Powers (Austria, Prussia and Russia) followed a single course of action under Metternich, the Carlists hoped that Russian favour would incline them to their side. But the support of the Tsarist Empire was weak and remained always so; the Carlist War was a remote conflict unrelated to its eastern ambitions and Russian authorities did not fully trust the Pretender's future policies. ; Peer reviewed