Suchergebnisse

This one of a series of regular rapports on Russia for European Public Law summarises recent developments: 1. increase in the terms of office of the President and the State Duma; 2. resolution of a jurisdictional dispute between the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court over powers to declare legislation unconstitutional; 3. creation of a new Supreme Court of the Russian Federation; 4. changes to election rules for State Duma deputies; and 5. expansion of the Russian Federation by the inclusion of two new Federation subjects.

Mode of access: Internet. ; Official organ of the Russian Soviet Government Bureau, June 1919-Jan. 1921; of the Friends of Soviet Russia, Feb. 1922-Oct. 1924. ; "Replaced . . . 'The Weekly bulletin of the Bureau of Information of Soviet Russia' . . . first published on March 3, 1919 . . . the last issue (number 13) appearing on the 26th of May.

Analyzing law enforcement data on corruption incidents for a panel of 79 Russian regions for the period 2004-2007, we find that the relative salaries of bureaucrats determine corruption levels: Corruption declines as relative salaries rise up to a turning point, beyond which corruption rises again. Other important determinants are the strength of law enforcement, available rents through government budgets and natural resources, education levels, unemployment rates, and income inequality.

Issues for 1920-1922 published in New York; issues for 1923-1924 published in Chicago, Ill. ; Title from caption. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Official organ of: Russian Soviet Government Bureau, June 1919-Jan. 1921; Friends of Soviet Russia, Feb. 1922-Oct. 1924. ; Absorbed by: Workers monthly, which later became: Political affairs.

It is widely recognized that broadband is of fundamental importance to the social and economic development of a nation. The focus of the paper is on infrastructure-related actions; measures to stimulate demand for broadband are, therefore, only marginally addressed. This paper aims to provide a platform for debate with the Russian counterparts in the sector, and to discuss the measures needed to develop broadband in support of actions aimed at economic growth. This paper examines the broadband market in Russia and preconditions for its sustainable development. It begins by presenting arguments demonstrating the importance of broadband to the overall economic development of Russia, including from the perspective of diversification of the economy and new job creation. The paper benchmarks Russia s broadband performance with Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) comparators, as well as with other nations leading the way in broadband diffusion. The paper takes stock of the existing broadband market structure in Russia and its main players as they stand today, including the regulatory and legal environment of the market for both fixed and mobile broadband. Finally, the paper provides a set of recommendations that addresses the issue of sustainability in Russian broadband delivery, and how it can continue its acceleration in the years to come.

The paper discusses aid operations in Russia, which are implemented in different ways, depending on the degree of development of democratic stmctures. In the papefs initial part, the relationships between the State and the civic society in the Soviet Union are described. Their specific naturę was due to the lack of any genuine involvement of individuals in the social sphere. Further, chan- ges taking place after the collapse of the Soviet Union are discussed by sectors of activity, including voluntary sector initiatives at the local, regional and national levels. Also, certain aid organisations are described, such as the Helsinki Group in Moscow and the Committee of Soldiers' Mothers of Russia. In addition, the paper discusses forms of organising assistance in Siberia and the Russian Far East. Finally, prospects for assistance activities in Russia are outlined. ; Tomasz Wites

Russia currently has the world's third largest fleet of nuclear power plants with 33 reactors in operation. To supply the country's growing energy demand, Russia plans to double its nuclear energy output by 2035 with ten reactors currently under construction and a number of existing ones being upgraded to extend service life. Russia is also one of the world's leading nuclear exporters, delivering nuclear fuel to ten countries. Additional 19 new power reactors will be launched in foreign countries by 2024 with negotiations under way for building another 27. If these targets are achieved, Russia's annual demand for natural uranium will rise three-fold to 30,000 tonnes by 2035. At the same time, Russia's uranium mines have supplied no more than 20% of the national nuclear industry's requirement for natural uranium over the past decade. Russia therefore relies heavily on its uranium mining assets abroad, securing new sources of supply and drawing down its existing stockpiles of secondary sources. This trend, as well as Russia's increased presence on the global market for nuclear fuel cycle services, is driving an increase in the Russian nuclear industry's transparency in order to comply with domestic legislation of the partner countries, including the producers of natural uranium. This country report analyses the Russian nuclear industry's demand for natural uranium, its sources of supply and the legal framework that regulates the use of nuclear materials in Russia. It is part of the global Governing Uranium project, led by DIIS, which seeks to identify governance gaps in uranium accountability and control and to provide policy recommendations for improving front end transparency, security and regulation.

Folded maps in pocket. ; --v.1. pt. 1. Physical geography. pt. 2. Russian occupation.--v.2. pt. 2. Russian occupation (continued) pt. 3. Political divisions. pt. 4. Social, economic and political conditions. pt. 5. Natural history. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The EU's current policy towards Russia assumes that the Kremlin is interested in a comprehensive national modernisation programme and has the power to put this into practice. But what if this assumption turns out to be incorrect? Numerous structural obstacles give grounds for scepticism that Russia will manage to implement such an endeavour. Without modernisation Russia will weaken, but will be unwilling to relinquish its international aspirations. The EU needs to prepare for a situation where the premises of its Russia policy no longer apply, and should lose no time in preparing a Plan B

Scholars of Russian culture have always paid close attention to texts and their authors, but they have often forgotten about the readers. These volumes illuminate encounters between the Russians and their favorite texts, a centuries-long and continent-spanning "love story" that shaped the way people think, feel, and communicate. The fruit of thirty-one specialists' research, Reading Russia represents the first attempt to systematically depict the evolution of reading in Russia from the eighteenth century to the present day. The third volume of Reading Russia considers more recent (and rapid) changes to reading, and focuses on two profoundly transformative moments: the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, and the digital revolution of the 1990s. This volume investigates how the political transformations of the early twentieth century and the technological ones from the turn of the twenty-first impacted the tastes, habits, and reading practices of the Russian public. It closely observes how Russian readers adapted to and/or resisted their eras' paradigm-shifting crises in communication and interpretation.

This volume is the result of the co-operation between the Moscow Diplomatic Academy and the Geneva Centre for Security Policy. It has been produced on the basis of a conference held in Moscow in October 2001. Faculty members and researchers of the two training institutions reinforced by experts of the Foreign Ministry of the Russian Federation met to exchange views at a round-table discussion and to contribute to the studies of future generations of international relations experts. Three weeks after a major formative moment in international security - the terrorist attacks against the United States - it was particularly exciting to compare notes, listen to arguments and see the concerns we share and also the distinct ones we don't. The book contains the updated papers of the conference and the summary of the discussions. We believe that rather than fighting old myths it is better to pay attention to the views represented in the book.

Pages 18-20 are numbered leaves, including the fold. pl. and fold. facsim. ; Mode of access: Internet.

This article is about the economic growth in Russia in 2014. The article reflects the relevance of this topic to the present situation in the world. The theoretical foundations of economic growth, as well as optimistic, pessimistic and baseline scenarios for further economic development have been considered in the article. The policy of the Russian Federation Government depends on the baseline scenario which takes into account many factors affecting the Russian economy at the moment. The article highlights the fact that the World Bank considers these scenarios, describes the reasons for the decline in economic growth and provides the outlook of economic perspectives in the coming years. The article presents opinions of the head of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, World Bank economists of largest Russian and foreign banks and other experts. ; Данная статья об экономическом росте в России в 2014 году. В статье отражена актуальность данной темы при современной ситуации в современном мире. Так же в статье содержатся теоретические основы экономического роста, представлены различные сценарии дальнейшего развития экономики: оптимистический, пессимистический и базовый. На базовом сценарии основывается Правительство РФ на данный момент, так как он является наиболее вероятным и учитывает многие факторы, влияющие на экономику России на данный момент. Кроме этого рассмотрено мнение Всемирного Банка об этих сценариях, описаны причины снижения темпов экономического роста и прогноз экономического роста в последующие годы. Также отражено мнение главы Центрального банка РФ, Всемирного Банка, экономистов крупнейших зарубежных и российских банков и других экспертов.

This thesis examines non-state actors' role in International Relations. To accomplish this, the study has two objectives. The first objective is theoretical: to explain that different dimensions of power must be included in studies on non-state actors. The second objective is empirical: to show that non-state actors working on Russian civil society must relate to different dimensions of power. The empirical data is based upon participation and semi-structured interviews in the general assembly of the non-state initiative EU-Russia Civil Society Forum. I have also interviewed a representative from the European Economic and Social Committee. Additionally to the empirical data, have I reviewed literature on power, EU-Russia relations and civil society. This thesis argues that non-state actors must relate to power when working on civil society development in Russia. The members of the Forum must relate both to Russian constrains on civil society, and the political crisis between EU and Russia in the aftermath of the annexation of Crimea. This influences the Forum in three ways. Firstly, it creates a division among the members between pragmatists and principled views. Secondly, this division is reflected in how the actors themselves act and relate to power. While principled work to get international support to criticize the Russian authorities for the repressive laws on civil society, the pragmatists favor a more subtle form of power aiming to change the anti-Western discourse inside Russia today. Thirdly, in light of the political crisis between EU and Russia the Forum has received increased attention from the EU. In that respect the members in the Forum are becoming increasingly political, which again challenges their work in Russia. The Forum faces several obstacles in regards to the current crisis between EU and Russia, nevertheless it still provides a common space where civil society actors can meet and interact. This common space is how the Forum supports civil society activity in Russia despite the ongoing repression. The future will tell if this common space will continue to exist in the shadow of geopolitical crisis between the neighboring countries. The only point that is clear is that non-state actors also in the future must continue to relate to several dimensions of power. ; M-IR

In Russia the problem of human trafficking was acknowledged as a national security issue in the early 2000s, above all, in relation to the threat of terrorism. In March 2004 Russia ratified the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and Palermo Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children. In doing so Russia undertook a number of commitments against human trafficking. By that time there were already alarming estimates warning that Central and Eastern Europe, including the former Soviet Union, ranked second in the world in terms of human trafficking after south-east Asia [1] and every year around 175,000 women (1997 estimate) were taken from the region in human trafficking schemes [2]. Russia, according to expert estimates, may account for 20-30% of this flow [3], i.e. at least tens of thousands a year. These estimates do not take into account human trafficking in both women and men within the CIS region, i.e. large-scale flows of migrants illegally transferred from CIS countries to Russia for labor and sexual exploitation. ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union